The objective of this case study on economic management in Brazil is to evaluate the scope and nature of political and ideological factors which affected the process of policy formation from the redemocratization of the country in 1945 until the breakdown of the democratic regime in 1964. Special emphasis is attributed to the reconstruction of the decision-making processes behind the formulation and execution of an agreed economic strategy intended to promote fast economic growth in the 1950's and to the analysis of the political and ideological factors which made acute disequilibria and recession unmanageable within the democratic framework, in the early 1960's. In order to account for the achievements and vicissitudes of economic management in Brazil we focus on the role and function of the state as the key agent in the process of rendering compatible the requirements imposed by economic necessity and the political priorities arising out of the structure and dynamics of the Brazilian political system. Special emphasis is given to the political actors located within the decision making system in particular the técnicos of differing political persuasions, their economic ideologies and their patterns of political action. The reconstruction of the process of policy formation in democratic Brazil is designed to contribute to the current debate on economic and non-economic determinants of the emergence of authoritarian regimes in Latin America. An introduction to our own approach to this question is provided in Chapter I, in connection with discussions current in the relevant literature. In Chapters II and III, we provide an historic reconstruction of the process of policy formation during the late 1940's and 1950's in order to show how technical knowledge and expertize were mobilized as political resources at the service of an economic strategy which shaped the present pattern of capital accumulation in Brazil. Chapter IV examines the political and ideological factors which explain the resumption of inflationary governmental behaviour and over-reliance on foreign debt in the expansionary phase of the economic cycle. In Chapters V, VI and VII we seek to account for the unmanageability of acute disequilibria and recession in the early 1960's through an analysis of the institutional framework and the extremely unstable political background within which any proponents of stabilization-cum-growth policies would have to act.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [177]-186).

Orientador: Jose Carlos de Souza Braga / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T12:10:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bueno_FabioMarvulle_M.pdf: 708476 bytes, checksum: b0c673a7ce0d2ab6d303fc22f7ad184c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Este trabalho analisa as transformações na economia brasileira decorrentes dos acordos com o Fundo Monetário Internacional entre 1998 e 2002, focando as mudanças de papel desempenhado pelo Fundo na evolução da economia internacional e as repercussões em um dos principais instrumentos da instituição, as condicionalidades. Analisa também as características gerais dos acordos de 1998, 2001 e 2002, destacando tanto o processo de internalização dos parâmetros dos acordos, pelo uso das condicionalidades, visando a eliminação da discricionaridade da política econômica em relação às principais características da macroeconomia brasileira do período / Abstract: This dissertation analyses the transformations in Brazilian economy as a result of International Monetary Fund programs from 1998 to 2002, emphasizing the role change played by Fund in evolution of the international economy and the repercussions in one of the main instruments of the institution: conditionalities. It also analyses the general characteristics of the agreements in 1998, 2001 and 2002, with emphasis in the process of internationalizing the agreement, by using conditionalities, in order to eliminate the discricionarity of political economy, as well as the main characteristics of the Brazilian macroeconomy in this period / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciências Econômicas

Orientador: Daniela Magalhães Prates / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T21:53:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Abouchedid_SauloCabello_M.pdf: 2975476 bytes, checksum: 29d22dde0911450780000147dcb2761b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A crise financeira global assumiu uma dimensão sistêmica em setembro de 2008, após a falência do banco de investimento Lehman Brothers, afetando os países de maneira indiscriminada. Diante desse cenário, os países emergentes adotaram um conjunto de políticas anticíclicas e enfrentaram desafios de política econômica impostos pelos desdobramentos da crise. Esta dissertação objetiva entender as políticas econômicas adotadas no contexto da crise num país emergente específico: o Brasil. Para isso, quatro hipóteses serão propostas para compreensão dessas mudanças: i) A utilização de medidas anticíclicas pelos países avançados no contexto da crise; ii) As novas recomendações do mainstream e dos organismos multilaterais; iii) A inserção comercial e financeira diferenciada e a política econômica do Brasil no período pré-crise; iv) A nova gestão da política macroeconômica com a entrada do governo Dilma em 2011, traduzida no esforço assumido de "recolocar os preços macroeconômicos no lugar" ("getting the macroeconomic prices right"). A partir das hipóteses acima, a política econômica do Brasil no contexto da crise financeira global pode ser entendida por meio de três fatores fundamentais. Primeiro, as políticas adotadas logo após a eclosão da crise sistêmica seguiram as medidas anticíclicas dos países avançados e estiveram relacionadas (sem nenhum sentido de causalidade) com a as novas recomendações propostas pelo mainstream. Segundo, a redução da vulnerabilidade externa - por meio da diminuição do endividamento externo do setor público e da política de acumulação de reservas - e a melhora da situação fiscal no período 2003-2007 conferiram maior espaço de política econômica e permitiram a adoção de medidas anticíclicas no contexto da crise. Por fim, a mudança na gestão da política econômica em 2011 respondeu aos desafios impostos pela nova fase de alta dos ciclos de fluxos de capitais e de preços de commodities, pelo aprofundamento da crise europeia, e pelos sinais de esgotamento do ciclo de consumo / Abstract: The global financial crisis has taken a systemic dimension in September 2008, after the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers , affecting countries indiscriminately . Given this scenario , emerging countries have adopted a set of countercyclical policies tax challenges faced by economic policy developments in the crisis . This dissertation aims to understand the economic policies adopted during the crisis emerging in a specific country : Brazil. In order to understand this changes, four hypotheses are proposed: i) The use of countercyclical measures by developed countries during the crisis; ii) The new recommendations from the mainstream and multilateral agencies; iii) The differentiated trade and financial integration and economic policy of Brazil in the pre-crisis iv) The new management of macroeconomic policy with input from the Dilma government in 2011, reflected the efforts to get the macroeconomic prices right. From the above hypotheses, the economic policy of Brazil in the global financial crisis can be understood through three fundamental ideas. First, the policies adopted after the outbreak of systemic crisis, followed the countercyclical measures of the advanced countries and were related (without any sense of causality) with the new rhetoric proposed by the mainstream. Second, the reduction of external vulnerability - by reducing the external debt of the public sector and reserve accumulation policy - and the improved fiscal situation in 2003-2007 gave more room for economic policy and allowed the adoption of countercyclical measures in the context of the crisis . Finally, the change in economic policy management in 2011 responded to the challenges posed by the new phase of the cycles of capital flows and commodity prices, the deepening of the European crisis, and the signs of exhaustion of the consumer cycle / Mestrado / Teoria Economica / Mestre em Ciências Econômicas

Orientador: Ligia Maria Osorio Silva / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T00:34:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Braga_SergioSoares_D.pdf: 2924707 bytes, checksum: 9534ac0d4835ad07c90e220628eb15b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O objetivo desta tese é analisar as relações entre o Executivo e o Legislativo no período 1946-1964, concentrando-se no papel do parlamento no processo deliberativo sobre a política econômica. Para tanto, procuraremos efetuar um estudo sistemático de três dimensões do processo decisório e das relações entre o Executivo e o Legislativo no período: (1) um estudo de caso da elaboração dos dispositivos do título "Da Ordem Econômica e Social" da Constituição de 1946; (2) a análise agregada da produção legal do período 1946-1964, onde examinaremos o universo dos projetos de lei apresentados, bem como das leis aprovadas nesta etapa democrática, procurando caracterizar o padrão de sugestão e aprovação de leis por ator relevante ao longo dos sucessivos governos. A partir das evidências coletadas através desse exame agregado da produção legal, procuraremos analisar criticamente algumas teses dominantes sobre o papel dos partidos políticos e do parlamento na elaboração da política econômica na primeira experiência de democracia presidencialista pluripartidária no Brasil, procurando demonstrar a hipótese de que a evolução do sistema partidário na época alterou significativamente o padrão de produção legal e de relação entre os poderes no período examinado; (3) Por fim, buscaremos analisar criticamente as teses clássicas de Celso Furtado sobre as relações entre o Legislativo e o processo de desenvolvimento econômico nessa etapa democrática brasileira, a partir do exame agregado da agenda econômica proposta e aprovada em cada um dos governos, procurando demonstrar a tese de que o Legislativo no período não foi um obstáculo ao desenvolvimento econômico em geral mas apenas a alguns aspectos parciais da agenda econômica do Executivo, especialmente aqueles que contrariavam as diretrizes econômico-financeiras fixadas na Carta de 1946, assim como a distribuição de preferências ideológicas predominantes nos partidos majoritários no Congresso Nacional / Abstract: The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the relationship between the Executive and the Legislative during 1946-1964 period, focusing on the role of the parliament in the deliberative process on economic policy. For that, we make a systematic study of three dimensions of decision making process and the relationship between the Executive and the Legislative during the period: 1) a case study of the elaboration of the title ¿The economic and social order¿ of the Brazilian Constitution of 1946; 2) the aggregate analysis of the legal production during 1946-1964, where the universe of bills submitted was analyzed, as well as laws approved during this democratic age; trying to characterize the standard of suggestions and approval of the laws by relevant political actor over successive governments. From the evidences gathered through this aggregate analysis of this legal production, we seek to examine critically some dominant theories on the role of political parties and the parliament in the development of economic policy during the first experience of multi-party presidential system democracy in Brazil to demonstrate the hypothesis that the development of party system at this time changed significantly the pattern of legal production and relationship between the powers in the period studied; 3) Finally, we analyze critically the classical theories of Celso Furtado about the relationship between the Legislative and the process of economic development during this time of Brazilian democracy / Doutorado / Historia Economica / Doutor em Desenvolvimento Economico