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Three essays on North-South trade, growth, and developmentChayun, Tantivasadakarn 11 1900 (has links)
This thesis focuses on three issues pertaining to growth, development, and trade between
developed and developing countries.
The first essay develops an endogenous growth model that incorporates Engel’s law into
the preferences. The model shows that the initial distribution of income is crucial to the
outcome. A closed-economy country where most of its population is poor experiences a low rate
of innovation. Income transfers from the rich to the poor can increase the effective labour
supply, thereby enhancing the rate of innovation. Under free trade, only the rich benefit from
trade. The poor are indifferent unless they already can afford to consume the minimum
requirement of food before trade or the minimum requirement becomes affordable after trade by
cheaper imported food. The initial distribution of income influences the trade patterns.
Moreover, income redistribution in a free trade environment also increases the growth rate.
The second essay extends the first one by assuming that the marginal product of labour
of the food sector is decreasing. It shows that an increase in population may decrease the growth
rate if the initial population is large relative to the productivity of the food sector. Moreover, an
increase in one country’s population may reduce that country’s production share of the world’s
innovation and increase its dependency on imported technology.
The last essay analyzes the welfare impact of minimum-export requirements (MERs)
imposed on foreign direct investments. This essay shows that MERs can be Pareto improving
measures to both the source and the host countries. When offshore plants are used by parent
firms to compete with domestic firms in the source country, MERs can improve the host
country’s welfare by inducing the total sales in the source country to rise, thereby reducing the
distortion generated by imperfect competition. The MERs can simultaneously improve the
welfare of the host country by shifting profits of the foreign firms toward the local firms. If the
local firms are absent, the host’s welfare may still be improved if sufficient profits from foreign
operations are retained in the host country.
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The importance of Jamaica-Canada trade relations in the context of Jamaican dependent underdevelopment /Morgan, Kenneth Paul. January 1978 (has links)
No description available.
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Three essays on North-South trade, growth, and developmentChayun, Tantivasadakarn 11 1900 (has links)
This thesis focuses on three issues pertaining to growth, development, and trade between
developed and developing countries.
The first essay develops an endogenous growth model that incorporates Engel’s law into
the preferences. The model shows that the initial distribution of income is crucial to the
outcome. A closed-economy country where most of its population is poor experiences a low rate
of innovation. Income transfers from the rich to the poor can increase the effective labour
supply, thereby enhancing the rate of innovation. Under free trade, only the rich benefit from
trade. The poor are indifferent unless they already can afford to consume the minimum
requirement of food before trade or the minimum requirement becomes affordable after trade by
cheaper imported food. The initial distribution of income influences the trade patterns.
Moreover, income redistribution in a free trade environment also increases the growth rate.
The second essay extends the first one by assuming that the marginal product of labour
of the food sector is decreasing. It shows that an increase in population may decrease the growth
rate if the initial population is large relative to the productivity of the food sector. Moreover, an
increase in one country’s population may reduce that country’s production share of the world’s
innovation and increase its dependency on imported technology.
The last essay analyzes the welfare impact of minimum-export requirements (MERs)
imposed on foreign direct investments. This essay shows that MERs can be Pareto improving
measures to both the source and the host countries. When offshore plants are used by parent
firms to compete with domestic firms in the source country, MERs can improve the host
country’s welfare by inducing the total sales in the source country to rise, thereby reducing the
distortion generated by imperfect competition. The MERs can simultaneously improve the
welfare of the host country by shifting profits of the foreign firms toward the local firms. If the
local firms are absent, the host’s welfare may still be improved if sufficient profits from foreign
operations are retained in the host country. / Arts, Faculty of / Vancouver School of Economics / Graduate
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The importance of Jamaica-Canada trade relations in the context of Jamaican dependent underdevelopment /Morgan, Kenneth Paul. January 1978 (has links)
No description available.
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Enkele aspekte van die monetiseringsproblematiek van die huidige internasionale ekonomiese stelsel21 October 2015 (has links)
M.Com. (Economics) / Please refer to full text to view abstract
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A radical approach of international trade and international production : the process of internationalization of surplus value realization and surplus value production based on Marx's law of valueBaier, Mark January 2011 (has links)
Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
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China-ASEAN Economic Relations: Its Implications to the PhilippinesGem, Krista 08 August 2008 (has links)
¡§¡Kcommerce and manufactures gradually introduced order and good
government and with them, the liberty and security of individuals, among the
inhabitants of the country, who had before lived in a continual state of war
with their neighbors, and of servile dependency upon their superiors. This
though the least observe is by far the most important of all their effects.¡¨
Adam Smith in his classic ¡§Wealth of Nations¡¨ amply sets the tone of this
paper on China-ASEAN relations.
Significant domestic developments in individual Southeast Asian states have
brought about new political, economic and social challenges that necessarily impact
on the stability of the entire region. In general, Southeast Asia remains beset with
widening economic and social inequities, unresolved political conflicts as well as
growing ethnic tensions, compounded by threats of terrorism and other transnational
crimes. At the same time, however, Southeast Asian nations have moved toward
greater cooperation under the ASEAN. The researcher¡¦s motivation for undertaking
this research topic is due to the fact that China-ASEAN economic relations is an area
of considerable yet remains poorly understood, it was very fitting for her to embark
into a study that will take a closer look of the evolving relations and implications to
the Philippines since the researcher is a citizen of the country which is an original
charter member of the ASEAN. The study was an assessment of the China-ASEAN
cooperation and its implications to the Philippines. The paper is preceded by a
hypothesis that¡X¡§The better the level of relationship is between China and the
ASEAN as a regional block, the better the chances for China and the Philippines to
enhance not only its traditional relationship in bilateral trade and investments, but also
the more contentious issue of amicably resolving the South China Sea conflict, more
specifically, the Kalayaan Group of Islands or Spratlys.¡¨
The researcher used both descriptive and analytical approach for the study. The
three data sources of the study were document analyses, interview of key informants
and focused group discussions. The inputs were taken from the results of the
document analyses and the interview of key informants.
The China-ASEAN relations are characterized as economic cooperation at first
hand. Such relationship has evolved through the years from economic to other
non-traditional areas of cooperation like security and conflict resolutions. Joint
agreements are signed between ASEAN member states and China with regard to
increased trade and settlement of political issues and disputes. The Philippines as a
member state was able to optimize its gains in the China-ASEAN relations with the
increase in bilateral trade and investments. Undoubtedly the subsequent deepening of
engagement between China and the Philippines is mutually beneficial to the two
countries national interests.
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The impact of culture on relationship marketing in international services a target group-specific analysis in the context of banking services /Schumann, Jan H. January 1900 (has links)
Diss.--Universität München, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.
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What economic sanctions signal cheap talk, or putting your money where your mouth is? /Venteicher, Jerome Felix, Drury, A. Cooper, January 2009 (has links)
Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb. 15, 2010 ). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. A. Cooper Drury. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Interaction between financial and real decisions in an international economyLee, Khang Min 11 1900 (has links)
This thesis examines the interaction between real and financial decisions in a two-country
world economy. To understand this interaction, we develop two-country general equilibrium
multi-period models of pure exchange and production economies. We model the
real decisions of consumption and investment choice and the financial decisions of portfolio
choice explicitly under various degrees of financial market integration. In addition,
we allow the governments to act strategically in making their policy choice regarding
the degree of integration in the international goods and financial markets. Therefore,
our models allow us to examine the effect of the interaction between real and financial
decisions on policy choice in the goods and financial markets.
The main results in the thesis are presented in Chapters 3, 4 and 5. We first analyse
how the optimal tariff decision may vary under different financial market structures.
In order to do so, we determine the government's choice of tariff level using a two-good
general equilibrium framework where the financial structure in the economy is
explicitly modelled. We find that the extent to which of financial markets are integrated
affects trade policy decisions in the commodity markets. Specifically, we find an inverse
relationship between the Nash equilibrium tariff level and the degree of international
financial market integration. The intuition underlying this result is as follows. In our
model, the government uses tariffs to cause a favourable change in the terms of trade.
However, in the presence of financial markets, households can hedge endowment risks
and the change in the terms of trade by using financial contracts. Thus, the favourable
terms of trade effect (which is the motivation for a tariff in our model) associated with a tariff levy is reduced with increasing degrees of financial integration.
Given the influence of financial market structure on endogenous trade policy, we then
characterise and numerically compute the welfare gains from financial market integration.
We identify the welfare gains from two sources. The direct source is the gain from
risk-sharing in the financial markets. The second source is the gain from free trade in
the commodity market that results from a government's tariff game in the presence of
complete financial integration. We find that the magnitude of the welfare gain due to free
trade is substantially greater than that due to increased risk-sharing capabilities under
a reasonable calibration of our world economy.
Thus far, we have assumed the financial market segmentation in the economy to
be exogenous and our results suggest that the existing financial market structure has
important repercussions in the-commodity markets. In the third part of our analysis, we
analyse the government's choice of financial market structure. To do this, we examine
the equilibrium policy choice of financial market segmentation in the absence of trade
policy. That is, under what conditions will a country find it optimal to limit access to
its own or foreign capital markets? Our results suggest that in the special case in which
the production technology exhibits constant returns to scale in capital, each country may
choose to deny foreign access to its domestic stock market. In general however, we find
that complete financial market integration will be the optimal choice for both countries.
Our main finding is that there are strong interactions between financial markets and
goods markets. Consequently, the optimal tariff level can be very different under different
financial market structures. Also, the welfare impact of opening financial markets can
be large, given the influence of financial market structure on endogenous tariffs in the
goods markets. Finally in a production economy, the optimal financial market structure
can be related to the nature of the production technology. Some policy recommendations follow from our work. First, the existing financial
market structure in the economy should be considered in making the policy choice of
a tariff level: the more integrated the financial markets, the lower the optimal tariffs.
Second, the share of capital in a country's production technology is an important factor in
the decision of the optimal financial market structure. When the production technology
exhibits decreasing returns to scale in capital, the optimal financial structure is complete
integration.
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