This essay will consider new copyright models in libraries, and how libraries can and should modify their own systems to promote and provide access to open content. It focuses on the reasoning behind supporting new models and methods of distribution, especially with regards to open licenses like Creative Commons, and the resources and systems libraries have developed to provide access to open licensed work. The paper examines the current roles libraries take in promoting Creative Commons and Open Access, and possible future roles, as well as how libraries organize and share open access works and develop relationships with other producing or developing content.

Please see the revised version "Open Access: What Comes Next After 2004" (also in this archive) / This article examines the effects that present decisions about open access (OA) will have over the next ten years. It will be shown that the consequences are affected both by deliberate choices of policy by librarians and publishers, as well as by the adoption of various alternatives by scientific authors. The eventual result could be excellent, or quite otherwise.

The increasing price of electronic journals, indexing and abstracting databases along with the traditional published print subscriptions has forced library community to explore alternative means of subscription. The emergence of library a very promising development in this direction. The Phenomenon of consortia or group of libraries maintaining information resources together has become very common these days, In India, during last few years we witnessed many consortia based subscription. This paper briefly discusses the concept, need, advantages and also the major consortia initiatives in India.

Concerns about intellectual property rights are a significant barrier to the practice of scholarly self-archiving in institutional and other types of digital repositories. This introductory level, half-day tutorial will demystify the journal copyright transfer agreements (CTAs) that often are the source of these rights concerns of scholars. In addition, participants will be introduced to the deposit processes of self-archiving in an interdisciplinary repository and open access archive (OAA), such as DLIST, Digital Library for Information Science and Technology. Editor's Note: This is a 1-page summary of the tutorial at the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL '05), June 7, 2005, Denver, Colorado. It does not include the actual tutorial. Contents: Introduction, Learning Outcomes, Topics to be covered, About the Presenters, and References.

Habil. Univ. des Saarlandes, 2008. / Business and Economics (German Language) (Springer-11775) (GWV).

Habil. Univ. des Saarlandes, 2008. / Business and Economics (German Language) (Springer-11775) (GWV).

The purpose of this study is to take some steps towards a better understanding of how groups in firms use information in their decision making when competing in markets. A business game is used as an experiment, since it has the advantages that the playing of the game can be repeated many times, the decision making situation can be controlled and monitored, and the information in the game can be altered. The game used here deals with five firms, each with 2- 9 participants, competing on the same experimental oligopoly market by making repeated decisions on price, advertising, investments and production. Both students and professionals have played the game extensively during a decade. The market model in the business game has dynamic properties, with production capacity, stocks and long-term effects of advertising. Due to the relative complexity of the market model, optimal solutions for more than one period could only be computed numerically. The methods used for determining these optimal solutions are described, since they can also be useful when determining solutions in other market models. The optimal solutions to this model are compared to the decisions that the firms made when the business game was played. It was found that the dynamic non-cooperative (Nash) solution gives the best description for the decisions made in the games. In the experiments, different amounts of information were made available to the firms. The decisions differed depending on what information the firms had available. Additional information proved to have a positive value only when some, but not all, of the firms received this information. Furthermore, it was found that firms with the same amount of available information made different decisions. These differences in decisions could be explained by the decision making processes in the groups, but not by the compositions of the groups. The firms in the business game appeared rigid in their decision making. Even after the game had ended, they were committed to their earlier decisions even when these decisions had been less successful. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk.

It is of deep interest to researchers and practitioners in Information System (IS) to understand the efficacy of the traditional IS and economics theory in modern business environments such as online social networks. In the pursuit to understand such new IS phenomenon and address the gap in extant literature, my dissertation, identifies the strategies that the firms should incorporate in the presence of network effects; i.e., the increases in benefits accrued by a network user with an increase in the number of users, and its impact on consumer behavior. My first essay, challenges the traditional notion that network effects create a strong protective moat for the incumbent in network competition. I show that network effects are over rated in multi-homing setting, where users can co-exist across multiple networks under resource constraints. Over reliance on the strength of network effects by the incumbent firm in multi-homing setting, stems from extant economic theory that is applicable to single homing networks, where users has to choose one of the available networks. The first essay recommends strategies for the level of innovation and its time of delivery that firms should incorporate in order to survive and succeed in multi-homing environment. While the first essay focuses on multi-homing and the strength of network effects, the second essay revisits firm's preemption strategy in single homing setting with network effects, in order to prevent its users from migrating to a new entrant with better technology. I find that, for moderate levels of price and innovation competition, an incumbent with high reputation is better off being non-committal in its preemption. In contrast, committal preemption is apt for other combinations of reputation, innovation and price. While the first two essays focus on the impact of consumer behavior on firm strategies, the third essay delves into the impact of firm strategies on consumer behavior. In particular, I identify identity revelation policies that increase the number of successful transactions and collaborations in a socially embedded marketplace. The results imply that revealing social identities may be detrimental to negotiation and collaboration in a socially embedded marketplace -- a notion that is counter intuitive to networks that are inherently social. / text

Notions of 'information poverty' and the "information poor" in LIS are examined from a discourse analytical perspective. Foucault's understanding of discourse, as forming the social reality to which it refers, is outlined and the related concept of the statement, as the basic element of discourse, is introduced. 'Information poverty' is examined as a statement in its relation to other statements in order to highlight assumptions and factors contributing to its construction. The analysis is based on close reading of 35 articles published in LIS journals between 1995 and 2005. Four groups of especially productive discursive procedures and themes are identified and discussed: 1. economic determin­ism, 2. technological determinism and the 'information society', 3. historicising the 'in­ formation poor', 4. the library profession's moral obligation and responsibility.

Diss. Techn. Univ. Darmstadt, 2009. / Business and Economics (German Language) (Springer-11775) (GWV).