This thesis addresses UK students’ university choice using discrete choice methods and micro-data obtained from Higher Education Statistical Agency for graduates between 2006 and 2010. The thesis consists of three chapters with each addressing a different aspect of students’ choice. The studies are intended to provide policy-makers and other decision-makers with valuable information that will help them to implement strategies and policies for better higher education. Some work in the literature has been dedicated to students’ university choice. This thesis explores this body of work and builds on it, extends it and improves what is previously known in the literature. The aim of the first chapter is to investigate what affects students’ university choice. It contributes to the literature by establishing the best method to do so. Two models are used: the standard conditional logit and conditional logit with, what is called in this paper, alternative specific constants. Conditional logit with alternative specific constants improves on conditional logit twofold: it deals with unobserved university characteristics and improves the model fit. The results show that the probability of attending a university decreases with an increase in tuition fees and distance between students’ home and the university, and decreases in students’ socio-economic status. The second chapter further investigates the importance of distance on students’ university choice and it contributes to the literature by calculating the willingness to pay of students for distance to university. The chosen models are estimated for different socio-economic group of students separately. This methodology allows for meaningful comparison between socio-economic groups and produces more reliable estimates due to the fact that it accommodates for different unobserved characteristics of universities for different groups of students. The results show that students with the highest socio-economic status are not affected or have a positive utility of distance. The willingness to pay of other socio-economic groups are mixed and depend on the university characteristics used in the model. The third chapter focuses on students’ attitudes towards costs and benefits of university degree by calculating the discount rate of future income using marginal utility of graduate income and tuition fees. In addition, the chapter shows how use of consideration sets of universities for each student improves the model fit. The results show that students have a normal discount rate around 1% without consideration sets. The discount rate becomes negative in all models apart from one, when consideration sets are used.

The research focuses on the strategies for financing of higher education within the context of the massification thereof in China. The year 1999 was a turning point for the development of Chinese higher education. In that year the Chinese government decided to expand its higher education system rapidly. Since then Chinese higher education has experienced explosive expansion. The student enrolment in the Chinese higher education system increased from 5.87 million in 1998 to 17.57 million in 2003. The gross enrolment rate in Chinese higher education increased from 9% in 1997 to 17% in 2004. Chinese higher education changed during this transition process from an elite to a mass system. During the expansion many problems emerged. These problems are related directly or indirectly to the issue of financing. Giving that China is still a developing country, how to resolve the financing problem is the key to the success of the transition from an elite to a mass system. Using a literature study and a qualitative inquiry, the research examined the general theories in the financing of higher education, the relevant experiences in the United States, Britain and India and the recent development of higher education financing in China. The study reveals that to ease the financial constraints, it is important to develop non-traditional institutions to lower higher education costs. China established a diversified adult higher education system that expanded at about the same rate as its regular institutions. The study also found that few governments can afford a mass system. Therefore, it is necessary to seek non-governmental funds by strategies such as introducing tuition fees and developing private institutions. However, the fee policy should be paralleled by the student assistance policies so as to reduce the inequality in higher education provision. It is believed that theoretical knowledge gained from the research could contribute to the integration of the theories on the financing of higher education within the context of massification thereof. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Comparative Education)

陸根書. / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學, 1999. / 參考文獻 (p. 194-205) / 中英文摘要. / Available also through the Internet via Dissertations & theses @ Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest dissertations and theses, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Lu Genshu. / Lun wen (Bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1999. / Can kao wen xian (p. 194-205) / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.

The research focuses on the strategies for financing of higher education within the context of the massification thereof in China. The year 1999 was a turning point for the development of Chinese higher education. In that year the Chinese government decided to expand its higher education system rapidly. Since then Chinese higher education has experienced explosive expansion. The student enrolment in the Chinese higher education system increased from 5.87 million in 1998 to 17.57 million in 2003. The gross enrolment rate in Chinese higher education increased from 9% in 1997 to 17% in 2004. Chinese higher education changed during this transition process from an elite to a mass system. During the expansion many problems emerged. These problems are related directly or indirectly to the issue of financing. Giving that China is still a developing country, how to resolve the financing problem is the key to the success of the transition from an elite to a mass system. Using a literature study and a qualitative inquiry, the research examined the general theories in the financing of higher education, the relevant experiences in the United States, Britain and India and the recent development of higher education financing in China. The study reveals that to ease the financial constraints, it is important to develop non-traditional institutions to lower higher education costs. China established a diversified adult higher education system that expanded at about the same rate as its regular institutions. The study also found that few governments can afford a mass system. Therefore, it is necessary to seek non-governmental funds by strategies such as introducing tuition fees and developing private institutions. However, the fee policy should be paralleled by the student assistance policies so as to reduce the inequality in higher education provision. It is believed that theoretical knowledge gained from the research could contribute to the integration of the theories on the financing of higher education within the context of massification thereof. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Comparative Education)

Significativa atenção tem sido dedicada a experiências de planejamento e gestão da pesquisa e da inovação no nível macro, contemplando a elaboração e implantação de políticas públicas para ciência, tecnologia e inovação, sob a perspectiva de promoção de competitividade e também de ampliação de benefícios sociais. O panorama atual se mostra bastante propício para o País, principalmente com relação às perspectivas para melhoria das condições que favorecem sua competitividade. Cabe às Instituições de Ensino Superior - IES e às empresas encontrarem os meios adequados para realização das estratégias de competitividade propostas pelo governo, de forma a viabilizar a cooperação com vistas à promoção da capacitação tecnológica com desenvolvimento sustentável. Assim sendo, o objetivo desta pesquisa é descrever a estrutura administrativa da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná – UTFPR, que trata da captação de recursos para CT&I. Neste estudo, o propósito da pesquisa aplicada foi de natureza exploratória e esta etapa desenvolveu-se por meio de um questionário, aplicado a diretores, ex-diretores, e demais administradores envolvidos na área de relações empresariais da UTFPR, durante os meses de Outubro e Novembro de 2012. Procedeu-se amplo levantamento bibliográfico e documental. A observação participante, também foi utilizada como instrumento de pesquisa, oportunizado durante o estágio realizado junto ao Departamento de Projetos Tecnológicos, durante o mês de maio de 2012. O método adotado foi o estudo de caso, na UTFPR, instituição centenária, que a partir de 07/10/2005, passou a ser universidade tecnológica a única no Brasil a assim denominar-se. A história da UTFPR confundese com a própria história da educação profissional brasileira. O estudo demonstra a importância de se desenvolver estruturas apoiadoras profissionalizadas nos ambientes universitários com relação ao acesso às fontes de apoio à CT&I. / Significant attention has been devoted to the experiences of planning and management of research and innovation at the macro level, covering the development and implementation of public policies for science, technology and innovation from the perspective of promoting competitiveness and also expansion of social benefits. The current situation proves to be quite favorable for the country, mainly in relation ace prospects for improving conditions that favor their competitiveness. It ace Higher Education Institutions - HEIs and businesses to find the appropriate means to carry out the strategies proposed by the government in order to facilitate cooperation with a view to promoting sustainable development with technological capability. Therefore, the objective of this research project is to describe the administrative structure of UTFPR dealing with fundraising for ST & I. In this study, the purpose of applied research was exploratory in nature and this step was developed through a questionnaire answered by directors, former directors, and other administrators involved in the area of industrial relations UTFPR during the months of October and November of 2012. We carried out extensive bibliographic and documentary. Participant observation was also used as a research tool, oportunizado during the training held by the DEPET-CT in May 2012. The method adopted is a case study in UTFPR, century-old institution, which as of 07/10/2005, became the only university in Brazil of a technological nature. The history of UTFPR intertwined with the history of Brazilian professional education. The study demonstrates the importance of developing supportive structures professionalized in university environments with respect to access to sources of support for ST & I.

Significativa atenção tem sido dedicada a experiências de planejamento e gestão da pesquisa e da inovação no nível macro, contemplando a elaboração e implantação de políticas públicas para ciência, tecnologia e inovação, sob a perspectiva de promoção de competitividade e também de ampliação de benefícios sociais. O panorama atual se mostra bastante propício para o País, principalmente com relação às perspectivas para melhoria das condições que favorecem sua competitividade. Cabe às Instituições de Ensino Superior - IES e às empresas encontrarem os meios adequados para realização das estratégias de competitividade propostas pelo governo, de forma a viabilizar a cooperação com vistas à promoção da capacitação tecnológica com desenvolvimento sustentável. Assim sendo, o objetivo desta pesquisa é descrever a estrutura administrativa da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná – UTFPR, que trata da captação de recursos para CT&I. Neste estudo, o propósito da pesquisa aplicada foi de natureza exploratória e esta etapa desenvolveu-se por meio de um questionário, aplicado a diretores, ex-diretores, e demais administradores envolvidos na área de relações empresariais da UTFPR, durante os meses de Outubro e Novembro de 2012. Procedeu-se amplo levantamento bibliográfico e documental. A observação participante, também foi utilizada como instrumento de pesquisa, oportunizado durante o estágio realizado junto ao Departamento de Projetos Tecnológicos, durante o mês de maio de 2012. O método adotado foi o estudo de caso, na UTFPR, instituição centenária, que a partir de 07/10/2005, passou a ser universidade tecnológica a única no Brasil a assim denominar-se. A história da UTFPR confundese com a própria história da educação profissional brasileira. O estudo demonstra a importância de se desenvolver estruturas apoiadoras profissionalizadas nos ambientes universitários com relação ao acesso às fontes de apoio à CT&I. / Significant attention has been devoted to the experiences of planning and management of research and innovation at the macro level, covering the development and implementation of public policies for science, technology and innovation from the perspective of promoting competitiveness and also expansion of social benefits. The current situation proves to be quite favorable for the country, mainly in relation ace prospects for improving conditions that favor their competitiveness. It ace Higher Education Institutions - HEIs and businesses to find the appropriate means to carry out the strategies proposed by the government in order to facilitate cooperation with a view to promoting sustainable development with technological capability. Therefore, the objective of this research project is to describe the administrative structure of UTFPR dealing with fundraising for ST & I. In this study, the purpose of applied research was exploratory in nature and this step was developed through a questionnaire answered by directors, former directors, and other administrators involved in the area of industrial relations UTFPR during the months of October and November of 2012. We carried out extensive bibliographic and documentary. Participant observation was also used as a research tool, oportunizado during the training held by the DEPET-CT in May 2012. The method adopted is a case study in UTFPR, century-old institution, which as of 07/10/2005, became the only university in Brazil of a technological nature. The history of UTFPR intertwined with the history of Brazilian professional education. The study demonstrates the importance of developing supportive structures professionalized in university environments with respect to access to sources of support for ST & I.

Thesis (M. Dev. (Planning and Management)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) was introduced in South Africa in 1999. Despite two decades of implementation—and some notable successes—the NSFAS has been critiqued for its overall “effectiveness” (McKay, Naidoo & Simpson 2018:25-27). This study investigated the effectiveness of NSFAS from the perspective of skills development among students at the University of Limpopo (UL). The study used a qualitative research design which purposively selected participants using a semi-structured interview instrument. The purposive sampling included nine NSFAS beneficiaries from the Faculties of Management and Law and Science and Agriculture and six NSFAS administrators working at UL. The study applied thematic analysis to analyse the collected data. The analysis enabled insights into the effectiveness of NSFAS on skills development among a limited sample at UL to be presented. The findings suggest that NSFAS funding contributes towards soft-skills development of student beneficiaries. There was less evidence that NSFAS funding contributed to hard-skills development. The study recommends that UL could introduce a number of measures to reinforce the soft-skills development that NSFAS catalysed such as internal mentorship schemes for students and/or engaged collaborations with non-academic partners to reinforce the soft-skills components of students learning experience. Due to the localised nature and small size it is suggested that further research is warranted into the impact of NSFAS on students soft-skills development at a broader scale. During the research process, the ethical rules and regulations dictated by the Turfloop Research and Ethics Committee (TREC) were complied with and the suggested protocols of the experiences of educational researchers in the use of case study design during the COVID-19 pandemic were also observed and adhered to.