Zahlreiche Arbeiten im Bereich der Entrepreneurship-Forschung versuchen aus unterschiedlichen disziplinären Perspektiven zu erklären, warum manche Menschen Opportunities wahrnehmen und unternehmerisch tätig werden und andere nicht. Dies wird in der Literatur als "Opportunity Recognition" (OR) bezeichnet und weitgehend als Kernelement im entrepreneurialen Prozess beschrieben. Aufgrund dieser Bedeutung von Opportunity Recognition entwickelten sich zahlreiche Erklärungsansätze, die als ökonomische, psychologische oder sozio-kognitive Perspektiven in die Entrepreneurship-Forschung eingeführt wurden. Die vorherrschende Trennung in disziplinenspezifische Erklärungsansätze hat zwar ihre Berechtigung, liefert jedoch bisher unbefriedigend integrative Erkenntnisse. In Abgrenzung zu anderen Arbeiten betrachtet dieser Beitrag Opportunity Recognition auf Basis subjektiver Theorien von Entrepreneuren. Der integrative Ansatz der subjektiven Theorien bietet das Potential disziplinenübergreifend Hinweise auf mögliche Einflussfaktoren der OR in subjektiven Theoriebeständen zu untersuchen. Ziel der Arbeit ist zu erforschen, welche inhaltlichen und strukturellen Charakteristika subjektive Theorien von Entrepreneuren aufweisen und inwiefern sich Logiken und/oder Strategien für die Identifikation einer Opportunity in ihnen widerspiegeln. Dazu wurde eine empirische Rekonstruktion der Strukturlogik subjektiver Theorien von Entrepreneuren auf Basis von narrativen Interviews und objektiv-hermeneutischen Interpretationsverfahren durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit liefern vielfältige Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich der Strukturen und Inhalte von subjektiven Theorien von Entrepreneuren sowie ihrer Entwicklung. Sie verweisen auf die zentrale Bedeutung sozialer Interaktionskontexte des Entrepreneurs, sowohl für die Ausprägung subjektiver Theoriebestände im Allgemeinen als auch für die Schärfung von Opportunities und ihrer Verwertung im Speziellen. Zudem wird deutlich, dass sich subjektive Theoriebestände hinsichtlich ihres Abstraktions- und Komplexitätsgrades sowie ihrer zeitlichen Stabilität maßgeblich unterscheiden. Die Erkenntnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit lassen Zweifel an der Sinnhaftigkeit einer auf ein analytisches Konstrukt "Opportunity" fokussierten Forschung aufkommen. Als Alternative wird das umfassendere Konzept der subjektiven Unternehmertheorie vorgeschlagen, das die Relevanz mentaler Modelle von Unternehmern und das ihnen inhärente Integrationspotential für unterschiedliche Einflussfaktoren und Erklärungsansätze für OR verdeutlicht. (Autorenref.)

Submitted by talita leucz (talitaleucz@hotmail.com) on 2014-02-24T21:49:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação versão final correções pós banca final.pdf: 1628793 bytes, checksum: 38148435e21ab19630330ea57e5936f4 (MD5) / Rejected by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br), reason: Prezada Talita, Falta a ficha catalográfica; Não consta no verso da Ata alteração do título, qualquer alteração o orientador dever vir na secretaria relatar na Ata. Título anterior: O PROCESSO DECISÓRIO DO EMPREENDEDOR FRENTE À TRANSIÇÃO DA PEQUENA PARA A MEDIA EMPRESA: CASOS DO SETOR HOTELEIRO NA CIDADE DE CURITIBA-PR Att. 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No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação versão final correções pós banca final c ficha.pdf: 1737506 bytes, checksum: 400c54fe0341012b13df98409af3cc4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-10 / This study sought to understand how the changes caused by the growth of the company affect the decision making process, focusing on the transition from small to medium businesses. We attempted to fill the existing gap over this period of transition between small and medium enterprises, especially in the aspects addressed by the logical Causation and Effectuation, described by Sarasvathy (2001). This research assumes that small businesses have few hierarchical levels and often decisions are centralized in owner - entrepreneur. Even as the company grows and becomes medium enterprise, there is an increase in the formalization of processes and hierarchies. Thus, there is a need to modify the decision-making process, which can be decentralized and involve more people, compared to small businesses. The theoretical research , was based on issues relating to small and medium enterprises ; hospitality industry , organizational structure , the organizational life cycle, decision making , and finally , the use of logical causation and effectuation, focusing on the characteristics of decision-making process of the entrepreneur . The research was qualitative and exploratory in nature and makes use of the method of case studies through interviews with entrepreneurs in the hospitality industry, which is a service sector that has had great visibility and growth in recent years. Two cases were analyzed in the hotel industry of Curitiba - PR, which recently went through the transition from small to medium businesses. In each case the owners, founders, their direct successors and the general manager were interviewed. Also rose client testimonials on avalizações hosting sites. For data analysis, analytical categories were assigned, and content analysis was performed (in contrast to the theoretical framework presented) and cross-case analysis (comparing the information obtained in each case). At the end of the survey, it was concluded that the transition from small to medium business affects decisions to increase the formalization of processes, there is a small delegation of powers, a greater distancing of the employees and senior management, there are a greater concern with training of staff, is considered rational aspects of the decision , there is a support team for decision making, there is concern about the long term , the responsibilities become clearer , and more autonomy is delegated to employees . It can be said that has not changed the fact that the administration remains familiar, the focus of decisions still remains in the short term, decisions remain flexible, remains the centralization of power in strategic decisions, there is still a difficulty separating personal professional, goal setting, and unclear objectives, investment in a project at a time, and use of networking is still important to the company's development / O presente estudo buscou entender como as mudanças ocasionadas pelo crescimento da empresa afetam o processo decisório, com foco na transição de pequena para média empresa. Buscou-se preencher o gap existente sobre esse período de transição entre pequenas e médias empresas, principalmente sob os aspectos abordados pelas lógicas Effectuation e Causation, descritas por Sarasvathy (2001). Esta pesquisa parte do princípio de que as pequenas empresas possuem poucos níveis hierárquicos e geralmente as decisões estão centralizadas no empreendedor-proprietário. Já quando a empresa cresce e torna-se média empresa, há um aumento nas formalizações dos processos e nas hierarquias. Com isso, há uma necessidade de modificar o processo decisório, que pode ser descentralizada ou envolver mais pessoas, se comparado às pequenas empresas. O referencial teórico da pesquisa, teve como base temas relativos à pequenas e médias empresas; setor hoteleiro, estrutura organizacional; ciclo de vida das organizações; processo decisório; e, por fim, o uso das lógicas causation e effectuation, com foco nas características do processo decisório do empreendedor. A pesquisa teve de caráter qualitativo e exploratório e faz uso do método de estudos de casos, através de entrevistas em profundidade com empreendedores do setor hoteleiro, que é um setor de serviços que tem tido grande visibilidade e crescimento nos últimos anos. Foram analisados dois casos no setor hoteleiro de Curitiba- PR, que passaram recentemente pela fase de transição de pequena para média empresa. Em cada um dos casos foram entrevistados os proprietários-fundadores, os seus sucessores diretos e o gerente-geral. Também levantou-se depoimentos de clientes em sites de avalizações de hospedagem. Para análise dos dados foram atribuídas categorias analíticas, e foi realizada a análise do conteúdo, (contrapondo com o referencial teórico apresentado) e cross-case analysis (comparativo das informações obtidas em cada caso). Ao finalizar a pesquisa, concluiu-se que a transição de pequena para média empresa afeta as decisões no sentido de aumentar a formalização de processos, há uma delegação de pequenos poderes, um maior distanciamento dos funcionários e a cúpula administrativa, há uma preocupação maior com a capacitação dos funcionários, são consideração de aspectos racionais na decisão, há uma equipe de suporte para tomada de decisões, há uma preocupação com o longo prazo, as responsabilidades tornam-se mais claras, e mais autonomia é delegada aos funcionários. Pode-se dizer que não mudou o fato da administração permanecer familiar, o foco das decisões ainda mantém-se no curto prazo, as decisões permanecem flexíveis, mantém-se a centralização do poder de decisões estratégicas; há ainda uma dificuldade em separar o pessoal do profissional, definição de metas e objetivos não muito claras, investimentos em um projeto por vez, e o uso de rede de contatos ainda é importante para o desenvolvimento da empresa.

This study investigates and aims to capture a new phenomenon: “celebpreneurship”, a new form of entrepreneurship emerged through the celebrification process. Where ordinary individuals transform into celebrities, and become entrepreneurial when they reach certain amount of “well-knowness”, in order to monetize their activities. The empirical data is obtained based on a complete observational study of two exemplary cases dealing with this phenomenon; Chiara Ferragni, the fashion blogger and yTravel Blog, the travel bloggers. Celebpreneurs start to build up networks and communities online through accessible media as blogs and social networking websites, to create awareness and desire among their audience eventually. They follow the effectuation venturing principle to pursue capitals and resources and transform into stabilized causational ventures at a later stage. The commodification and contemporary fame of these individuals are fundamental in the establishments of further entrepreneurial activities. As result, the phenomenon shows the existence of entrepreneurship in different forms and areas, as the celebpreneurs are involved into various brand partnerships, endorsements, product campaigns and even in the creation of own ventures. The contribution of this study is to show how effectuation, community building and celebrification can extend, re-activate and mobilize the classical approach of entrepreneurship.  Keywords: Celebpreneurship, Entrepreneurship, Celebrification, Effectuation and Causation, Celebrity, Capitals, Online Networks, Social Media, Blogging