In the present paper, an attempt is made to obtain the potential distribution in the case of two such charges, a source-sink combination, located on the axis of a bore hole drilled through an infinite, homogeneous medium.

Smart structures are relevant and significant because of their relevance to phenomena such as hazard mitigation, structural health monitoring and energy saving. Electrical resistance could potentially serve as an indicator of structural well-being or damage in the structure. To this end, the development of a microprocessor-based automated resistance measurement system with customized GUI is desired. In this research, a nodal electrical resistance acquisition circuit (NERAC) system was designed. The system hardware interfaces to a laptop, which houses a customized GUI developed using DAQFactory software. Resistance/impedance was measured using DC/AC methods with four-point probes technique, on three substrates. Baseline reading before damage was noted and compared with the resistance measured after damage. The device was calibrated and validated on three different substrates. Resistance measurements were taken from PVDF samples, composite panels and smart concrete. Results conformed to previous work done on these substrates, validating the effective working of the NERAC device.

Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Avraham Benatar. / B.S.

The voltage controlled resistance model is developed for a reliable MOS transistor resistance mapping. The model includes both system and local parameters, and incorporates the effect of rise and fall time variations on the gate delay. MOS transistor resistance mapping is applied in logic simulation and timing verification. Also, it can be used in automatic transistor sizing and critical path analysis.

Many modeling studies have been carried out to simulate the current distribution across the channel and shoulder direction in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. However the modeling results do not show agreement on the current density distribution. At the same time, no experimental measurement result of current density distribution across the channel and the shoulder direction is available to testify the modeling studies. Hence in this work, an experiment was conducted to separately measure the current densities under the channel and the shoulder in a PEM fuel cell by using the specially designed membrane electrode assemblies. The experimental results show that the current density under the channel is lower than that under the shoulder except when the fuel cell load is high. Afterwards two more experiments were carried out to find out the reason causing the higher current density under the shoulder. The effects of the electric resistance of gas diffusion layer (GDL) in the lateral and through-plane directions on the current density distribution were studied respectively. The experimental results show that it is the through-plane electric resistance that leads to the higher current density under the shoulder. Moreover, a three-dimensional fuel cell model is developed using FORTRAN. A new method of combining the thin-film model and homogeneous model is utilized to model the catalyst layer. The model is validated by the experimental data. The distribution of current density, oxygen concentration, membrane phase potential, solid phase potential and overpotential in a PEM fuel cell have been studied by the model. The modeling results show that the new modeling method provides better simulations to the actual transport processes and chemical reaction in the catalyst layer of a PEM fuel cell.

Nickel-base superalloys obtain high temperature mechanical properties through formation of precipitate phases formed via heat treatment. The precipitate microstructure evolves with heat treatment or thermal exposure, which can lead to degrading mechanical properties. This project focuses on the use of electrical resistivity as a non-destructive testing method to monitor the precipitate phase in Waspaloy (a polycrystalline nickel-base superalloy). The evolution of the precipitate microstructure is characterized throughout the volume of the specimens using both small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and ultra small angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) measurements. These measurements are also aided by microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements.

Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002. / Thesis advisor(s): Tri T. Ha, Jan E. Tighe, Jovan E. Lebaric. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85). Also available online.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-12-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:52:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 spinellijunior_aj_me_bauru_prot.pdf: 2793116 bytes, checksum: 2a5518c4628bc08924a0d2677ef48198 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Um dos principais objetivos da indústria metal-mecânica é o aumento da produtividade nos processos de usinagem, o que pode ser conseguido por meio de maiores taxas de remoção de material. Este requisito está associado ao desgaste da ferramenta de corte, uma vez que a redução de sua vida acarreta aumento dos custos de fabricação, não só pelo valor unitário da ferramenta, mas também pelo tempo consumido na indesejável interrupção da operação. Atualmente, um dos importantes caminhos para o aumento da vida da ferramenta aponta para o desenvolvimento de materiais mais resistentes ao desgaste, como as pastilhas de nitreto cúbico de boro policristalino (PCBN). No entanto, o custo unitário destas ferramentas é consideravelmente alto... / One of the main of the metalworking industry is the increase of productivity in machining processes, which can be obtained through larger material removal rates. This requirement is associated to be cutting tool wear evolution, since the reduction of tool life increases the production costs, not only for unitary value of the tool, but also for the time consumed in the undesirable interruption of the operation. Nowadays, an important way to increase tool life is the development of more wear resistant materials, such as polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) cutting tools. However, the unitary cost of these tools is considerably high, about 10 to 20 times more expensive that coated carbide tools. In addition its best performance occurs at high-speed machining, that demands modern machine tools. Many researchers have been using the technique of heating a workpiece layer immediately before its removal by the cutting tool in order to reduce the shear stress and to improve... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Resumo: Um dos principais objetivos da indústria metal-mecânica é o aumento da produtividade nos processos de usinagem, o que pode ser conseguido por meio de maiores taxas de remoção de material. Este requisito está associado ao desgaste da ferramenta de corte, uma vez que a redução de sua vida acarreta aumento dos custos de fabricação, não só pelo valor unitário da ferramenta, mas também pelo tempo consumido na indesejável interrupção da operação. Atualmente, um dos importantes caminhos para o aumento da vida da ferramenta aponta para o desenvolvimento de materiais mais resistentes ao desgaste, como as pastilhas de nitreto cúbico de boro policristalino (PCBN). No entanto, o custo unitário destas ferramentas é consideravelmente alto... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: One of the main of the metalworking industry is the increase of productivity in machining processes, which can be obtained through larger material removal rates. This requirement is associated to be cutting tool wear evolution, since the reduction of tool life increases the production costs, not only for unitary value of the tool, but also for the time consumed in the undesirable interruption of the operation. Nowadays, an important way to increase tool life is the development of more wear resistant materials, such as polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) cutting tools. However, the unitary cost of these tools is considerably high, about 10 to 20 times more expensive that coated carbide tools. In addition its best performance occurs at high-speed machining, that demands modern machine tools. Many researchers have been using the technique of heating a workpiece layer immediately before its removal by the cutting tool in order to reduce the shear stress and to improve... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Luiz Eduardo de Angelo Sanchez / Coorientador: Paulo José Amaral Serni / Banca: Alexandre Mendes Abrão / Banca: Vicente Luiz Scalon / Mestre

Orientador: Jose Pissolato Filho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T04:10:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gatous_OmarMohamedOmar_D.pdf: 3581143 bytes, checksum: 99b49787812bbda82e9eaa0427e4a921 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Esta tese apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma nova implementação do efeito skin no modelo da linha de transmissão de energia elétrica, e de sinal, para estudo e anâlise das perdas devido ao efeito skin no domínio da freqüência. As perdas devido ao efeito skin são levadas em conta através da formulação e solução da equação de onda de Maxwell em função do campo elétrico na direção de propagação. A solução da equação de Maxwell apresenta a formulação para o cálculo da corrente transitória na seção transversal do condutor sólido e cilíndrico como função do campo elétrico na superfície. A formulação matemática das equações da nova implementação é obtida pela consideração da formulação da corrente transitória e aplicando a teoria eletromagnética. A tese apresenta também o desenvolvimento da formulação matemática das equações dos modelos de linha de transmissão sem perdas e com perdas (conceito da resistência da corrente contínua) para efeito de comparação. A solução no domínio da freqüência para estes três modelos é obtida a partir da aplicação da transformada de Fourier. A conseqüência do desenvolvimento da nova implementação apresenta uma possibilidade para desenvolver uma nova técnica, exata e bastante simples. Essa técnica pode ser usada para o cálculo dos parâmetros do efeito skin (resistência e indutância interna do condutor sólido e cilíndrico). Análise comparativa entre essa nova técnica e a técnica de Bessel (técnica muito usada pesquisa para o mesmo objetivo) são apresentados. Os resultados obtidos mostram que as vantagens dessa nova técnica sobre a técnica de Bessel são a simplicidade, rapidez, precisão e adequação para qualquer linguagem de computador. Finalizando é apresentada uma análise de comparação matemática e gráfica entre os parâmetros do efeito skin e da corrente contínua e sues efeito nas características da linha de transmissão. A anâlise mostra que, devido sa perdas do efeito skin, a resistência aumenta e indutância interna diminui com aumento da freqüência e a característica da linha. de transmissão mais afetada é o coeficiente de atenuação Ct. Além disso, alguns exemplos são apresentados como aplicações dessa nova implementação in linhas de transmissão longas e curtas e Comparar os resultados com aquelas obtidos pelos modelos sem e com perdas. Nessas exemplos à análise mostra que as tensões e correntes previstas no final de uma linha de transmissão eram sub estimadas quando usados os modelos sem e com perdas / Abstract: This thesis presents the development of a new and quite simple implementa-tion of skin-effect in electrical and signal transmission line model for skin-effect 1088 analysis and study in frequency-domain. Skin-effect 1088 is taken into account by formulating and solving Maxwell's wave equation as a function of the electrical field in the direction of propagation. Ma.xwell's wave equation solution gives the transient formulation for the current calculation in the transversal section of the solid cylindrical conductor as a function of the electrical field on the conductor surface. The mathematical formulation of the model equations is obtained by considering the transient formulation of the current and applying electromagnetic theory. It also presents the development of the mathematical formulation equations of both the lossless and the lossy (DC resistance concept) transmission line mode1s for compari-sons. The frequency-domain solution for these three models is obtained by applying Fourier transform method. The consequence of the development of the new imple-mentation gives a possibility to develop a new, exact and very simple technique. This technique can be used to calculate the skin-effect parameters (resistance and internal inductance of the solid cylindrical conductor). Comparison analysis between this new technique and the Bessel technique (the most used technique in research for the same objective) are presented. The results show that the advantages of this new technique over the Bessel technique are the simplicity, quickness, accuracy and the suitability for any computer language. Finally mathematical and graphical comparison analysis between skin-effect and DC parameters and their effects on the transmission line characteristic is presented. The analysis shows that, due to the skin-effect 1058, the resistance increases and the internal inductance decreases with . the increase of the frequency, and the most affected transmission line characteristic is the attenuation coefficient Q. In addition, some examples are presented as an applications of the new implementation in long and short tran.qrni~on lines and compare the results with those obtained by the lO581ess and lossy models. In these examples the analysis shows that the predicted voltages and currents at the end of the transDussion lines were under-estimated when using the lossless and lossy models / Doutorado / Energia Eletrica / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica