<p>The astronauts? ability to communicate easily among themselves or with the ship?s computer should be a high priority for the success of missions. Long-duration space habitats--whether spaceships or surface bases--will likely be larger than present-day Earth-to-orbit/Moon transfer ships. Hence an efficient approach would be to free the crew members from the relative burden of having to wear headsets throughout the spacecraft. This can be achieved by placing microphone arrays in all crew-accessible parts of the habitat. Processing algorithms would first localize the speaker and then perform speech enhancement. The background "noise" in a spacecraft is typically fan and duct noise (hum, drone), valve opening/closing (click, hiss), pumps, etc. We simulate such interfering sources by a number of loudspeakers broadcasting various sounds: real ISS sounds, a continuous radio stream, and a poem read by one author. To test the concept, we use a linear 30-microphone array driven by a zero-latency professional audio interface. Speaker localization is obtained by time-domain processing. To enhance the speech-to-noise ratio, a frequency-domain minimum-variance approach is used.

<p> Material testing is a major concern in many manufacturing and aeronautical industries, where structures require periodic inspection using equipment and manpower. Environmental Noise (EN) is the major concern when localizing the damage in real time. Inspecting underlying components involves destructive approaches. These factors can be alleviated using Non Destructive Testing (NDT) and a cost effective embedded sensor system. </p><p> This project involves NDT implementation of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) with filtering techniques in real time. A spectrogram and a scalogram are used to analyze lamb response from an embedded array of Piezo Transducers (PZT). This project gives insights on implementing a real time SHM system with a sensor placement strategy and addresses two main problems, namely filtering and damage localization. An Adaptive Correlated Noise Filter (ACNF) removes EN from the lamb response of a structure. A damage map is developed using Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT), and Continuous Wavelet Analysis (CWA). </p>