Le système électrique européen peut être décrit par le concept de système intégré, c'est à dire un réseau interconnecté dont l'organisation est découpée par diverses frontières administratives de nature légale, technique ou marchande. Dans ce contexte, l'amélioration de la coordination de l'opération sur ces frontières internes, pour un ensemble donné d'infrastructures, doit permettre une utilisation plus optimale des ressources disponibles.L'analyse économique de ces coordinations transfrontalières et du processus d'amélioration en cours en Europe en 2012 permet d'une part de tirer les enseignements de cette expérience et d'autre part de soutenir le processus d'amélioration en contribuant à la compréhension des enjeux par les acteurs. Pour cela, l'étude propose tout d'abord une synthèse sur la gestion du système électrique qui définit l'objet d'étude. Puis, le deuxième chapitre détaille une analyse fonctionnelle des mécanismes de coordination. Cette analyse permet de faire le lien avec des aspects techniques qui conditionnent l'organisation économique. Le troisième chapitre porte sur les méthodes d'évaluation des bénéfices, des coûts et des effets redistributifs d'une évolution de la coordination. Les chapitres quatre et cinq abordent ensuite deux angles institutionnels clés. Le premier est le rôle de l'Union Européenne dans l'établissement de règles communes à l'échelle du continent. Le second est la forme institutionnelle de l'engagement des Gestionnaires de Réseau de Transport (GRT) pour le succès de ces mécanismes de coordinations. / The electricity high voltage transmission networks are interconnected over most of the continents but this is not the case of the power system organizations. Indeed, as described with the concept of integrated power system, the organization over these large networks is divided by several kinds of internal borders. In this context, the research object, the cross-border coordination of operation, is a set of coordination arrangements over internal borders between differing regulatory, technical and market designs. These arrangements can include for instance the famous market couplings, some cost-sharing agreements or common security assessments among several other solutions. The existence and improvement of the cross-border coordination of operation can be beneficial to the whole integrated power system. This statement is verified in the European case as in 2012 where several regional and continental coordination arrangements are successfully implemented.In order to benefit from the European experience and contribute to support the European improvement process, this thesis investigates the cross-border coordination of operation in the European case with four angles of study. First, a modular framework is built to describe the existing solutions and the implementation choices from a regulatory point of view. Second, the thesis analyses the tools available to assess the impact of an evolution of the cross-border coordination. Third, the role of the European Union (EU) is described as critical both for the existing arrangements and to support the improvement process. The last angle of study focuses on two dimensions of the economic modes of coordination between transmission system operators.

The electricity high voltage transmission networks are interconnected over most of the continents but this is not the case of the power system organizations. Indeed, as described with the concept of integrated power system, the organization over these large networks is divided by several kinds of internal borders. In this context, the research object, the cross-border coordination of operation, is a set of coordination arrangements over internal borders between differing regulatory, technical and market designs. These arrangements can include for instance the famous market couplings, some cost-sharing agreements or common security assessments among several other solutions. The existence and improvement of the cross-border coordination of operation can be beneficial to the whole integrated power system. This statement is verified in the European case as in 2012 where several regional and continental coordination arrangements are successfully implemented.In order to benefit from the European experience and contribute to support the European improvement process, this thesis investigates the cross-border coordination of operation in the European case with four angles of study. First, a modular framework is built to describe the existing solutions and the implementation choices from a regulatory point of view. Second, the thesis analyses the tools available to assess the impact of an evolution of the cross-border coordination. Third, the role of the European Union (EU) is described as critical both for the existing arrangements and to support the improvement process. The last angle of study focuses on two dimensions of the economic modes of coordination between transmission system operators.