<p>The overall aim of this thesis was to prepare nanostructured more processable heteronuclear sulphonated polyanyline nanocomposites with electroconductive properties suitable for applications in biosensors. The sulphonated self-assembled polyaniline and derivatised polyaniline nanocomposites (SPAHs) were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerisation or electrical decomposition. The SPAHs prepared include those of polyaniline (PANi), poly-o-methoxyaniline (POMA) and poly-2.5 dimethoxyaniline (PDMA). Two types of sulphonic acids of heteronuclear aromatic hydrocarbons were used in the production of sulphonated SPAH composites. These were anthracene sulphonic acid (ASA) and naphthalene sulphonic acids (NSA) wich played both doping and surfactant roles.</p>

No description available.

Some problems in electro dynamics have been studied in the light of electromagnetic field theory and computational techniques. One is that of the retrograde motion of the electric arc – an old and intriguing problem of physics. A more complete model based on electrodynamics has been proposed for study of this problem. In this model, the plasma column is treated as a flexible conductor. The associated 3-dimensional boundary-value problem was solved by the boundary element method (BEM). It has been shown that the retrograde motion can indeed be understood in terms of electrodynamics and a number of the reported features of this phenomenon have been explained by the proposed model. The others are concerned with a recent controversy in electrodynamics. It has been discussed in the thesis that Lorentz and Ampere force laws are equivalent in the sense of magnetostatics provided that the latter is appropriately used. The interactions of electromagnetic forces on the systems of the electromagnetic jet propulsion and the electromagnetic impulse pendulum have been examined. It turns out that the observations are consistent with the laws of electromagnetic energy and momentum. Two aspects of the water-arc explosion problem have been studied. One is the electromagnetic (EM) aspect which is calculated by the method of separation of the variables, the other is the magnetohydrodyuamic (MHD) aspect which is solved by the finite difference method (FDM). The numerical results of the two aspects show that neither the pure EM model nor the MHD model for the incompressible fluid could explain the explosive phenomenon; this strongly suggests that the shock wave produced by the under-water arc must account for the phenomenon. On the wire fragmentation, a preliminary study has shown that this phenomenon could be caused by the electromagnetically driven stress waves and a theoretical model has been proposed for further investigation. This is described in an Appendix to the thesis.

We study the Dyson Schwinger Equation for the fermion propagator in the quenched approximation. We construct a non-preservative fermion-boson vertex that ensures the fermion propagator satisfies the Ward-Takahashi identity, is multiplicatively renormalizable, agrees with the lowest order perturbation theory for weak couplings and has a critical coupling for dynamical mass generation that is strictly gauge independent. This is in marked contrast to the rainbow approximation in which the critical coupling changes by 50% just between the Landau and Feynman gauges. We also show how to construct a vertex which not only has the aforementioned properties but also agrees with the results obtained from the CJT effective potential for the critical exponent of the mass function. These vertices are expressed in terms of two functions which satisfy an integral and a derivative condition. By considering the perturbative expansion for the transverse vertex, we have performed numerical evaluation of the first of these functions which will hopefully guide their non-perturbative structure. The use of vertices satisfying these properties should lead to a more believable study of mass generation.

<p>The overall aim of this thesis was to prepare nanostructured more processable heteronuclear sulphonated polyanyline nanocomposites with electroconductive properties suitable for applications in biosensors. The sulphonated self-assembled polyaniline and derivatised polyaniline nanocomposites (SPAHs) were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerisation or electrical decomposition. The SPAHs prepared include those of polyaniline (PANi), poly-o-methoxyaniline (POMA) and poly-2.5 dimethoxyaniline (PDMA). Two types of sulphonic acids of heteronuclear aromatic hydrocarbons were used in the production of sulphonated SPAH composites. These were anthracene sulphonic acid (ASA) and naphthalene sulphonic acids (NSA) wich played both doping and surfactant roles.</p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington. / Bibliography: l. 121-123.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Princeton University, 1919. / "Reprinted from the Physical review, n. s., vol. XI, no. 2, February, 1918."

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 231-233). Also available in an electronic version.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Princeton University, 1919. / "Reprinted from the Physical review, n. s., vol. XI, no. 2, February, 1918."

Thesis (PhD.(Department of Chemistry))--University of the Western Cape, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-221).