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published_or_final_version / Physics / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

by Kwan Wai Wing Eric. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references. / ABSTRACT / ACKNOWLEDGMENT / LIST OF FIGURES / LIST OF TABLES / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1-1 / Chapter 1.2 --- E-Beam testing and test generation algorithm --- p.1-2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Motivation of this research --- p.1-4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Out-of-kilter Algorithm --- p.1-6 / Chapter 1.5 --- Outline of the remaining chapter --- p.1-7 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Electron Beam Testing / Chapter 2.1 --- Background and Theory --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.2 --- Principles and Instrumentation --- p.2-4 / Chapter 2.3 --- Implication of internal IC testing --- p.2-6 / Chapter 2.4 --- Advantage of Electron Beam Testing --- p.2-7 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- An exhaustive method to minimize test sets / Chapter 3.1 --- Basic Principles --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Controllability and Observability --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Single Stuck at Fault Model --- p.3-2 / Chapter 3.2 --- Fault Dictionary --- p.3-4 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Input Format --- p.3-4 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Critical Path Generation --- p.3-6 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Probe point insertion --- p.3-8 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Formation of Fault Dictionary --- p.3-9 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Mathematical Model - Out-of-kilter algorithm / Chapter 4.1 --- Network Model --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.2 --- Linear programming model --- p.4-3 / Chapter 4.3 --- Kilter states --- p.4-5 / Chapter 4.4 --- Flow change --- p.4-7 / Chapter 4.5 --- Potential change --- p.4-9 / Chapter 4.6 --- Summary and Conclusion --- p.4-10 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Apply Mathematical Method to minimize test sets / Chapter 5.1 --- Implementation of OKA to the Fault Dictionary --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.2 --- Minimize test set and optimize internal probings / probe points --- p.5-5 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Minimize the number of test vectors --- p.5-5 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Find the optimum number of internal probings --- p.5-8 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Find the optimum number of internal probe points --- p.5-11 / Chapter 5.3 --- Fixed number of internal probings/probe points --- p.5-12 / Chapter 5.4 --- True minimum test set and optimum probing/ probe point --- p.5-14 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Implementation and work examples / Chapter 6.1 --- Generation of Fault Dictionary --- p.6-1 / Chapter 6.2 --- Finding the minimum test set without internal probe point --- p.6-5 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Finding the minimum test set with optimum internal probing --- p.6-10 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Finding the minimum test set with optimum internal probe point --- p.6-24 / Chapter 6.4 --- Finding the minimum test set by fixing the number of internal probings at 2 --- p.6-26 / Chapter 6.5 --- Program Description --- p.6-35 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Realistic approach to find the minimum solution / Chapter 7.1 --- Problem arising in exhaustive method --- p.7-1 / Chapter 7.2 --- Improvement work on existing test generation algorithm --- p.7-2 / Chapter 7.3 --- Reduce the search set --- p.7-5 / Chapter 7.3.1 --- Making the Fault Dictionary from existing test generation algorithm --- p.7-5 / Chapter 7.3.2 --- Making the Fault Dictionary by random generation --- p.7-9 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Conclusions / Chapter 8.1 --- Summary of Results --- p.8-1 / Chapter 8.2 --- Further Research --- p.8-5 / REFERENCES --- p.R-1 / Chapter Appendix A --- Fault Dictionary of circuit SC1 --- p.A-1 / Chapter Appendix B --- Fault Dictionary of circuit SC7 --- p.B-1 / Chapter Appendix C --- Simple Circuits Layout --- p.C-1

Xu, Yeming = 水熱法和熱蒸法製備硫化鋅納米结构的電子輻射損傷研究 / 徐業明. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-63). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / Xu, Yeming = Shui re fa he re zheng fa zhi bei liu hua xin na mi jie gou de dian zi fu she sun shang yan jiu / Xu Yeming. / Abstract --- p.i / 摘要 --- p.ii / Acknowledgment --- p.iii / List of Figures --- p.VII / Table of contents --- p.XI / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Background of electron beam irradiation --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Basic principles of electron beam irradiation --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Atomic displacement --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Electron beam sputtering --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Electron beam heating --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Radiolysis --- p.11 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Instrumentation --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1 --- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Basic principles --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Chemical shifts in x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy --- p.16 / Chapter 3.2 --- The principle of the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) --- p.16 / Chapter 3. 3 --- Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) --- p.19 / Chapter 3. 3.1 --- Principle of the TEM --- p.19 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Electron specimen interaction in TEM --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Electron Diffraction --- p.22 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Contrast --- p.22 / Chapter 3.4 --- Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy --- p.23 / Chapter 3.5 --- Elemental mapping using Electron Energy Loss Spectrometer (EELS) --- p.24 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Structure Degradation of ZnS Nanomaterials Synthesized via Hydrothermal Method --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1 --- Experimental --- p.26 / Chapter 4.2 --- Structure degradation of ZnS nanotubes synthesized via hydrothermal method --- p.27 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Chemical and structural characterization of the as-synthesized nanotubes --- p.27 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Crystallinity and structural degradation of the nanosheet under the electron beam irradiation --- p.29 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Nanotube structure degradation with different experimental parameters --- p.33 / Chapter 4.3 --- Structure degradation of ZnS nanosheets synthesized via hydrothermal method --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Chemical and morphological characteristics of the ZnS nanosheets --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Crystallinity and structural degradation of the nanosheet under the electron beam irradiation --- p.37 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Nanosheet structure degradation with different experimental parameters --- p.41 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Discussion on the damage mechanisms --- p.45 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Structure Degradation of ZnS Nanobelts Synthesized via thermal evaporation Method --- p.48 / Chapter 5.1 --- Experimental --- p.48 / Chapter 5.2 --- Chemical and morphological characteristics of the ZnS nanobelts --- p.49 / Chapter 5.3 --- Crystallinity and structural degradation of the nanobelt under the electron beam irradiation --- p.50 / Chapter 5.4 --- Nanobelt structure degradation with different experimental parameters --- p.55 / Chapter 5.5 --- Discussion on the damage mechanisms --- p.56 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusion --- p.59 / References --- p.61

Thesis (M.S. in Applied Physics)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009. / Thesis Advisor(s): Colson, William B. ; Blau, Joseph. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 28, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Free Electron Laser, FEL, misalignment, mirror, electron beam, optical field, cathode, test cell, electron gun. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83). Also available in print.

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Energy modulated electron therapy (EMET) is a promising treatment modality that has the fundamental capabilities to enhance the treatment planning and delivery of superficially located targets. Although it offers advantages over x-ray intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), EMET has not been widely implemented to the same level of accuracy, automation, and clinical routine as its x-ray counterpart. This lack of implementation is attributed to the absence of a remotely automated beam shaping system as well as the deficiency in dosimetric accuracy of clinical electron pencil beam algorithms in the presence of beam modifiers and tissue heterogeneities. In this study, we present a novel technique for treatment planning and delivery of EMET. The delivery is achieved using a prototype of an automated "few leaf electron collimator" (FLEC). It consists of four copper leaves driven by stepper motors which are synchronized with the x-ray jaws in order to form a series of collimated rectangular openings or "fieldlets". Based on Monte Carlo studies, the FLEC has been designed to serve as an accessory tool to the current accelerator equipment. The FLEC was constructed and its operation was fully automated and integrated with the accelerator through an in-house assembled control unit. The control unit is a portable computer system accompanied with customized software that delivers EMET plans after acquiring them from the optimization station. EMET plans are produced based on dose volume constraints that employ Monte Carlo pre-generated and patient-specific kernels which are utilized by an in-house developed optimization algorithm. The structure of the optimization software is demonstrated. Using Monte Carlo techniques to calculate dose allows for accurate modeling of the collimation system as well as the patient heterogeneous geometry and take into account their impact on optimization. The Monte Carlo calculations were validated by comparing them against output measurements with an ionization chamber. Comparisons with measurements using nearly energy-independent radiochromic films were performed to confirm the Monte Carlo calculation accuracy for 1-D and 2-D dose distributions. We investigated the clinical significance of EMET on cancer sites that are inherently difficult to plan with IMRT. Several parameters were used to analyze treatment plans where they show that EMET provides significant overall improvements over IMRT.

Errata has been inserted on p. 136 and 162. / Bibliography: p. 263-280. / xxiii, 280 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Presents the results of two investigations into the characteristics of electron beams for application in radiation therapy. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Physics and Mathematical Physics, 1997?