Aims: a review of the literature on non-pharmacological interventions for post-stroke depression (PSD) was completed with the aim of examining issues regarding the design and methodology of trials for non-pharmacological interventions for PSD. The empirical research study used a constructivist Grounded Theory approach to explore specialist stroke professionals' conceptualisations of post-stroke emotional lability (PSEL). The author also aimed to examine how staff experienced, understood and identified PSEL in clinical practice, and particularly how they differentiated it from PSD. Method: A systematic review of RCT and non-RCT studies was conducted to address the first aim. In relation to the second aim, a qualitative investigation of specialist professionals' conceptualisations of PSEL was conducted using Charmaz' (2006) version of constructivist Grounded Theory. Results: The systematic review highlighted the importance of appropriate sampling methods, multiple treatment design, rigorous data collection, the implementation and monitoring of interventions, assessment of participant suitability for the intervention, and issues related to long-term sustainability (follow-up) when designing and evaluating non-pharmacological interventions for PSD. The qualitative investigation yielded a conceptual model of how specialist professionals conceptualise and identify PSEL in their clinical practice. Conclusions and implications: The findings from the systematic review and the qualitative investigation highlighted a range of issues for specialist stroke services. The systematic review emphasised the importance of further evaluation and consideration of carefully planned randomised controlled trials for investigating non-pharmacological interventions for PSD. The qualitative study indicated a need for further guidance on the assessment and identification of PSEL, training for staff, and further examination of the caused of PSEL.

Darbe nagrinėjamos vartotojo asmenybės savybių (ektraversijos, intraversijos, emocinio labilumo ir emocinio stabilumo) bei prekinio ženklo „asmenybės“ savybių (nuoširdumas, jaudinimas, kompetencija, rafinuotumas ir stiprumas) rodiklių sąsajos, atsižvelgiant į 3 prekinio ženklo pateikimo modelius (simbolinis, materialus ir asociatyvus). Siekiant sumažinti šalutinių kintamųjų įtaką rezultatams, stimulu buvo pasirinktas neutralus (nei aukšto, nei žemo įsitraukimo), neegzistuojančio prekinio ženklo produktas – mineralinis vanduo. Tyrime dalyvavo 300 tiriamųjų (227 moterys ir 73 vyrai). Amžiaus ribos 18 – 36 metų (vidurkis 20,39). Nustatyta, jog prekinio ženklo „asmenybės“ simbolinio modelio pateikimo atveju savybių suvokimas nesiskiria ekstravertų ir intravertų grupėse, t.y. ekstravertai ir intravertai šias savybes suvokia vienodai. Materialaus modelio pateikimo atveju prekinio ženklo suvokimo skirtumų tarp ekstravertų ir intravertų taip pat nepastebėta. Tokia pati tendencija stebima ir asociatyvaus prekinio ženklo pateikimo modelio atveju. Nagrinėjant vartotojų neurotiškumą nustatyta, jog simbolinio prekinio ženklo pateikimo modelio atveju statistiškai reikšmingai skyrėsi prekinio ženklo jaudinimo, kompetencijos ir rafinuotumo savybių suvokimas, t.y. emociškai labilūs vartotojai šias savybes suvokė kaip labiau išreikštas lyginant su emociškai stabiliais. Materialaus prekinio ženklo pateikimo modelio atveju emociškai labilūs vartotojai prekinio ženklo jaudinimo ir stiprumo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The present thesis focuses on the connection between the consumer personality traits (extroversion, introversion, emotional stability and emotional lability) and perception of brand personality traits (sincere, excitement, competence, sophistication and ruggedness, according to three brand presentation models (symbolic, material and associative). Stimulus was neutral (neither low, neither high involvement), unknown brand product – mineral water, with the purpose to reduce the effects of secondary variables. 300 respondents participated in the research. The distribution of respondents according to the gender was 227 women and 73 men, the boundaries of age were from 18 to 36 (20,39 on average). It has been determinated that there are no differences in the brand personality perception between extroverts and introverts when brand is presented in the symbolic model, i.e. the perception of brand personality is the same among extroverts and introverts. There were no differences in the perception of brand personality among extroverts and introverts when the brand was presented in material model. The same tendency was observed when brand was presented in associative model. Examining consumers’ neuroticism it was developed that emotional label consumers brand personality perceived as more exciting, competence and sophisticated in comparison with emotional stable consumers when brand was presented in the symbolic model. When brand was presented in the material model emotional label... [to full text]

Le Trouble Déficit de l’Attention Hyperactivité (TDAH) est un trouble du neurodéveloppement associant des symptômes d’inattention, d’hyperactivité et/ou d’impulsivité. Fréquemment, le tableau clinique est marqué par une labilité émotionnelle pouvant se manifester sous différentes formes jusqu’à parfois s’agencer en un véritable syndrome : le Trouble Disruptif avec Dysrégulation Emotionnelle, récemment inclus dans le DSM-5. La labilité émotionnelle est-elle un symptôme du TDAH ou de troubles comorbides ? Est-elle caractéristique d’un tableau clinique du TDAH ? Ce travail de thèse propose d’étudier le profil psychopathologique associé à la labilité émotionnelle sous différentes approches, catégorielle et dimensionnelle, et à deux périodes clés du développement de l’enfant atteint de TDAH, l’âge préscolaire et l’âge scolaire. Quatre études composent ce travail de thèse : les trois premières en milieu clinique et la dernière en population générale. Les résultats ont indiqué que la labilité émotionnelle d’un point de vue dimensionnel mais également catégoriel au travers du diagnostic de Trouble Disruptif avec Dysrégulation Emotionnelle, était associée à des symptômes plus sévères et un retentissement fonctionnel plus important à l’âge préscolaire et scolaire. L’approche dimensionnelle s’est montrée plus pertinente pour identifier les enfants avec labilité émotionnelle ayant des besoins spéciaux de prises en charge au-delà de celle du TDAH. De plus, la labilité émotionnelle et l’irritabilité ont semblé être associées à des tableaux cliniques différents. Ces résultats suggèrent l’intérêt de l’évaluation de la labilité émotionnelle et des manifestations associées dans le diagnostic du TDAH chez l’enfant. Une approche clinique fine, à la fois quantitative et qualitative, semble prometteuse dans la prévention des formes prodromiques de TDAH et dans le pronostic de ce trouble afin de proposer des interventions adaptées afin d’infléchir de potentielles trajectoires développementales à risques. / Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattentive, hyperactive and/or impulsive symptoms. Emotional lability is frequently associated with the disorder. It can cover several manifestations. These manifestations are sometimes that serious that there are parts of a disorder: the Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder recently added to the DSM-5. Is emotional lability a core symptom of ADHD or one of a comorbid disorder? Is it featured with different symptoms and functional impairment in children with ADHD? This PhD work tried to provide elements to respond to these questions assessing the psychopathological profile associated with emotional lability as a categorical and dimensional feature at two crucial developmental periods: the preschool and the school aged. Four studies are part of this PhD work: three in clinical population and one in general population. Results emphasized that emotional lability is associated with more severe symptoms and functional impairment in both preschool a school aged children. Results were similar when emotional lability was assessed as a dimensional feature and as a categorical feature. Nevertheless, the dimensional approach of emotional lability seemed relevant identifying children with ADHD and emotional lability that were at special need for interventions, beyond the ADHD one. Moreover, emotional lability and irritability seemed associated with different clinical outcomes. These results suggested the value of the emotional lability assessment and of its others manifestations in the ADHD diagnosis in children. A qualitative and quantitative approach seems promising in preventing prodromal ADHD and in its prognostic. This might serve targeting adapted interventions in order to inflect potential harmful developmental trajectories.