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Mirror neurons: imitation and emotional differences among males and femalesUnknown Date (has links)
The mirror neuron system consists of a specific class of visuomotor neurons,
which fire for both observation and execution of an action (di Pellegrino et al., 1992), as
well as showing differences for empathy and gender. Fifty males (M = 25.94) and fifty
females (M = 25.48) watched short clips of a hand tapping fingers in a sequence in
neutral and emotional settings. Participants were asked to imitate emotions while
watching and repeating the finger sequences. A univariate ANOVA discovered
significant differences in response times for males and females in the emotion trials,
which were eliminated when empathy was included in the analysis. Findings show those
higher in empathy are faster at imitation of a motor task in emotional settings. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection
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Is this the face of sadness? Facial expression recognition and contextDiminich, Erica January 2015 (has links)
A long standing debate in psychological science is whether the face signals specific emotions. Basic emotion theory presupposes that there are coordinated facial musculature movements that individuals can identify as relating to a core set of basic emotions. In opposition to this view, the constructionist theory contends that the perception of emotion is a far more intricate process involving semantic knowledge and arousal states. The aim of the current investigation was to explore some of the questions at the crux of this debate. We showed participants video clips of real people in real time, where the face was in motion, much as in everyday life. In study 1 we directly manipulated the effects of context to determine what influences emotion perception – situational information or the face? In support of the basic emotion view, participants identified displays of happiness, anger and sadness irrespective of contextual information provided. Importantly, participants also rated one set of facial movements as more intensely expressing a ‘sad’ face. Study 1 also demonstrated unique context effects in partial support for the constructionist view, suggesting that for some facial expressions, the role of context may be important. In study 2, we explored the possible effects that language has on the perception of emotion. In the absence of linguistic cues, participants used significantly more ‘happy’ and ‘sad’ words to label the basic emotion prototype for happiness and for the ‘sad’ face introduced in study 1. Overall, findings from these studies suggest that although contextual cues may be important for specific scenarios, the face is dominant to the layperson when inferring the emotional state of another.
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The creation and manifestation of reality through the re-enactment of subconscious conclusions and decisionsOpperman, Michiel Christiaan 31 March 2005 (has links)
The Creation and Manifestation of Reality-theory was developed for this study. This theory provides an answer to why high functioning people experience problems at work, develop relationship problems, and other dysfunctions that occur in their lives. It provides an explanation as to why this happens: at a certain point in our existence a critical incident (or Initial Sensitising Event) or a series of repeated incidents is perceived by the person as traumatic. During this time of high emotion the child forms a subconscious conclusion, followed by a subconscious decision. The Hypnotic Blueprint is an accumulation of all the different subconscious conclusions and decisions formed over time at a time of intense emotionality, during which the psyche feared for its survival, repressed, gated and banished into the borders of the person's subconscious mind. Numerous other incidents occur through life that reinforce and bolster the original Hypnotic Blueprint. Simultaneously, conflicting ego-states are formed, attempting to balance the state of disequilibrium.
Later in life, the original Blueprint is triggered, through the Symptom Activating Event, at a sub-conscious level and starts to operate in the person's life, attracting the circumstances and people who best replay or re-enact the original trauma on a symbolic level. This pattern will be recreated in the person's life, and will most often be the reason why the person enters therapy, or the presenting problem. Life acts as a mirror of the inner world or the psyche of the person. The inner world is mirrored by the other world, or reality. By changing our inner reality, we impact or transform our outer reality.
To complete the Creation and Manifestation of Reality-theory, the Imago Developmental Stages identified by Harville Hendrix, were integrated, namely Attachment, Exploration, Identity and Competence. The therapeutic modality suggested is de-hypnotising.
The study does not intend to measure the success of the therapy, but rather to establish and test the validity of the Creation and Manifestation of Reality-theory on case studies, using the Life History approach. / Educational Studies / DED(PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION)
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The creation and manifestation of reality through the re-enactment of subconscious conclusions and decisionsOpperman, Michiel Christiaan 31 March 2005 (has links)
The Creation and Manifestation of Reality-theory was developed for this study. This theory provides an answer to why high functioning people experience problems at work, develop relationship problems, and other dysfunctions that occur in their lives. It provides an explanation as to why this happens: at a certain point in our existence a critical incident (or Initial Sensitising Event) or a series of repeated incidents is perceived by the person as traumatic. During this time of high emotion the child forms a subconscious conclusion, followed by a subconscious decision. The Hypnotic Blueprint is an accumulation of all the different subconscious conclusions and decisions formed over time at a time of intense emotionality, during which the psyche feared for its survival, repressed, gated and banished into the borders of the person's subconscious mind. Numerous other incidents occur through life that reinforce and bolster the original Hypnotic Blueprint. Simultaneously, conflicting ego-states are formed, attempting to balance the state of disequilibrium.
Later in life, the original Blueprint is triggered, through the Symptom Activating Event, at a sub-conscious level and starts to operate in the person's life, attracting the circumstances and people who best replay or re-enact the original trauma on a symbolic level. This pattern will be recreated in the person's life, and will most often be the reason why the person enters therapy, or the presenting problem. Life acts as a mirror of the inner world or the psyche of the person. The inner world is mirrored by the other world, or reality. By changing our inner reality, we impact or transform our outer reality.
To complete the Creation and Manifestation of Reality-theory, the Imago Developmental Stages identified by Harville Hendrix, were integrated, namely Attachment, Exploration, Identity and Competence. The therapeutic modality suggested is de-hypnotising.
The study does not intend to measure the success of the therapy, but rather to establish and test the validity of the Creation and Manifestation of Reality-theory on case studies, using the Life History approach. / Educational Studies / DED(PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION)
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