This research paper examines the enablers of technology diffusion in the field of cell and gene therapy. Recent scientific advancements for cell and gene therapies have provided personalized and potentially curative treatments to patients who otherwise would have suboptimal or no options for their disease. This innovative science has taken more than 60 years to reach patients, and even with FDA approvals in 2017, global diffusion has encountered many rate limiting aspects. To better understand why diffusion of transformative treatments is stunted, this research examines knowledge transfer as an enabler of technology diffusion in the healthcare sector. Two qualitative and inductive studies were conducted to identify the enablers of diffusion. Study 1, an exploratory, archival analysis, compares historically innovative technologies and documents the representative knowledge transfer archetypes that enable diffusion. The findings resulted in a new archetype of knowledge transfer, referred to as the Cross Sector Collaboration (CSC) Pathway. Study 2 is an industry-level case study which asks how the transfer of knowledge is enacted in the cell and gene sector, examines the relevance of the CSC Pathway, and explores differences in the knowledge transfer process among the various types of organizations (public, for-profit, non-profit) that support the sector. There were three key findings from the research. First, the research expands on the interconnectedness between the theories of Diffusion of Innovations, Absorptive Capacity and Knowledge Creation. Second, the research finds evidence to support the critical role of knowledge transfer in the diffusion of technologies involved in cell and gene therapies. Third, the findings produce a new framework for knowledge transfer, termed the Cross Sector Collaboration Pathway. The dissertation findings contribute to the literature as they provide a framework for collaborative knowledge transfer mechanisms that cell and gene therapy firms, together with industry stakeholders, can employ to enable efficient diffusion of technology in this rapidly growing field. / Business Administration/Strategic Management