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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Implication de la phostine 3.1a sur l’angiogenèse, le métabolisme endothélial et les pathologies associées / Phostin 3.1a implication in angiogenesis, endothelial metabolism and associated pathologies

Bousseau, Simon 12 October 2018 (has links)
Les thérapies anti-angiogéniques actuelles sont limitées, et cibler le métabolisme endothélial représente une nouvelle stratégie prometteuse. Parmi la famille de glycomimétiques Phostines, le composé PST 3.1a possède des propriétés anti-tumorales contre le glioblastome à la fois in vitro et in vivo. L’objectif de ce projet est d’étudier l’impact de PST3.1a sur l’angiogenèse et le métabolisme endothélial. L’angiogenèse est un processus complexe décrivant la formation de nouveaux vaisseaux sanguins à partir d’une vasculature préexistante, dirigée par des facteurs pro-angiogéniques locaux tel que le facteur de croissance endothélial vasculaire (VEGF). L’angiogenèse intervient dans différentes conditions pathologiques, et notamment la croissance tumorale. PST 3.1a (10 μM) inhibe les principales étapes menant à l’angiogenèse in vitro, parmi lesquelles la migration, la prolifération, l’adhésion et la formation de tubes. PST 3.1a réduit également l’angiogenèse in vivo dans les modèles murins et du poisson zèbre, ainsi que l’angiogenèse tumorale et la progression du glioblastome. En particulier nos résultats démontrent une diminution d’interaction entre le récepteur au VEGF 2 et la galectine 1, cette interaction étant décrite comme cruciale dans le cadre des résistances tumorales face aux thérapies anti-angiogéniques actuelles. Ces résultats fournissent une ouverture thérapeutique sur une approche innovante et originale contre les pathologies associées à une angiogenèse excessive, tel que le cancer. / Actual anti-angiogenic therapies are limited, and targeting endothelial metabolism is a new promising strategy. One of the lead compound of the Phostin family, PST 3.1a has anti-glioblastoma properties both in vitro and in vivo. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of PST3.1a on angiogenesis and endothelial metabolism. Angiogenesis is a complex process describing the growth of new blood vessels from existing vasculature, triggered by local pro-angiogenic factors such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Angiogenesis takes part in various pathological conditions and particularly in tumor growth. PST 3.1a (10 μM) inhibited the main steps leading to angiogenesis in vitro including migration, proliferation, adhesion and tube formation. PST 3.1a also reduced physiological angiogenesis in both mice and zebrafish models, and pathological angiogenesis and glioblastoma progression in vivo. In addition, our results highlight the alteration of the interaction between VEGF receptor 2 and galectin-1, a binding known as a key component of the regulation of angiogenesis associated to tumor resistance.These results provide a new route towards an innovative and original approach to target angiogenesis related diseases, including cancer.
2

Profile of eicosanoids produced by human saphenous vein endothelial cells and the effect of dietary fatty acids

Urquhart, Paula, Parkin, Susan M., Nicolaou, Anna 07 December 2009 (has links)
no / Human saphenous vein endothelial cells (HSVECs) derived from primary cultures of adult human veins constitute an excellent in vitro model for studying human endothelial metabolism. In this study we report the14C-labelled prostanoid profile of HSVECs under resting and stimulated conditions and the effect of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on them. Results indicate that HSVECs while under resting conditions produce mainly prostaglandin F2 ¿(PGF2 ¿). After stimulation with calcium ionophore A23187, the cells were found to synthesise PGI2, PGE2and PGF2¿as major products and thromboxane B2and PGD2as minor products. Production of14C-labelled hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids was not detected. Eicosapentaenoic acid was found to inhibit basal and stimulated prostanoid production whereas docosahexaenoic acid inhibited basal but strongly increased stimulated prostanoid production. These results may offer the basis for further studies aiming to investigate targets for pharmacological intervention in inflammatory conditions.

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