Thesis (doctoral)--Philipp-Universität zu Marburg.

Thesis (doctoral)--Georg August-Universität zu Göttingen.

Thesis (doctoral)--Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen.

Thesis (doctoral)--Friedrich Wilhelm-Universität zu Breslau.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Erlangen.

Thesis, Rostock. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [v]-vii).

M.Phil. / In the pricing of nuclear fuel, the cost of the uranium enrichment has the biggest portion. In addition, characteristics of enrichment technologies, the structure of the international market, and the balance of supply and demand are considered to be three main determinant factors for the cost of uranium enrichment. This study attempts to examine the determinant factors of uranium enrichment costs and to try to forecast the future trends of the price of uranium enrichment by examining the current market situation and present projections of uranium enrichment prices. The analysis indicates that while the development of the enrichment techniques allows the enrichers to produce with a lower cost, the structure of the market causes the prices to rise. Moreover, the supply and demand balance of the present market is very fragile and there is a need for an expansion in the market to make and sustain a stronger balance. It is the prediction of this study that the enrichment prices are likely to increase because of the reflection of the constructions of the new enrichment facilities and new ventures in the market.

Master of Science - Science / Positive affective states guide the proximate performance of the appetitive and consummatory components of behaviours, such as foraging, that ultimately increase an animal’s fitness. Accordingly, promoting foraging in captive animals can enhance their welfare, defined as a predominance of positive (e.g. pleasure) over negative (e.g. stress) affective states. In three sets of experiments, I examined social foraging in two captive baboon troops housed at the Johannesburg Zoo, South Africa. I investigated (1) whether watching a demonstrator baboon forage cued conspecific observers to also forage; (2) how two factors known to influence the social transfer of foraging information and the motivation to forage (demonstrator status and hunger/satiation respectively) affected whether an animal was cued to forage upon watching a demonstrator forage; (3) the psychological mechanism through which this change in motivation to forage occurred; and (4) how socially-cued foraging behaviour could be incorporated into environmental enrichment protocols. I recorded the frequency of foraging for individual baboons and for each troop as a whole. I also scored the incidence of aggression in both troops. Upon watching a demonstrator forage from a monopolisable food source, observers increased their foraging efforts elsewhere in the enclosure. Demonstrator identity influenced the incidence of foraging by observers, with how well the demonstrator predicted food reward, rather than its status per se, determining observer foraging frequency. The psychological mechanism mediating the increase in foraging behaviour, as well as the effect of observer hunger/satiation on foraging, were unclear. The increased frequency of foraging by observers was accompanied by only a small rise in aggression. My data indicate that the use of social cues to motivate foraging behaviour could be employed to augment standard foraging enrichment protocols aimed at improving the welfare of captive animals.

The Thesis was inspired by a perceived need better to understand the unique description of unjust enrichment by the Australian courts, as a unifying legal concept. It demonstrates that concepts and principles are essential features of the common law because they identify the character and taxonomy of rules. The comparative study, encompassing Australian and English law primarily, and law of other jurisdictions, modern and ancient, elucidates the special characteristics of the concepts and principles of Anglo/Australian unjust enrichment and of concepts and principles generally. A like concept has had a place in the common law since its inception under several characterisations. It bears the mark of ancient Roman jurisprudence, but relates to independent principles. The jurisprudence was formed by special characteristics of its history. It is distinct from modern Roman/Dutch law but the doctrinal overtones of its foundational case law reflect the basis of reasoning which in Continental law, is found in the adopted ancient codes. It is this foundation of reasoning and the firm rejection of a normative general principle that makes Anglo/Australian law different in character and jurisprudence from unjust enrichment in USA and Canada. Stifled for centuries by quasi contract misconceptions, the law of unjust enrichment entered the modern law in the 20th C through the seminal judgements of Lord Wright in Fibrosa Spolka Akcyjna v Fairbairn Lawson Coombe Barbour Ltd, and related cases and through the strong judicial and juristic following they inspired. That “…any civilised system of law is bound to provide remedies for … unjust enrichment…” became an imperative across the common law world: it has long held a place in the Roman Dutch jurisdictions of South Africa and Continental Europe. The special character of unjust enrichment in Anglo/Australian law is focussed upon a unique action where-by the law imposes an obligation upon the establishment of a recognised ground. The notion of breach of a primary rule does not arise: the obligation is therefore a primary obligation imposed by law, as distinct from a remedy for a breach. Important consequences flow from the characteristic. The juristic development of unjust enrichment in the common law has long been the sole prerogative of the superior courts. The place of historical features of the jurisprudence has however been subsumed by modern judicial methodology that is slowly assuming a unifying pattern of reasoning from case to case; from one ground to another. This is the special characteristic of the unifying legal concept and English principle of unjust enrichment. The thesis draws widely based conclusions about concepts and principles of unjust enrichment and the actions and obligations they sponsor. It portrays them as the substance of legal reasoning and analyses underlying theory. to this end, it addresses counter juristic and historical arguments. Its central conclusion are that there are sound jurisprudential arguments for actions based upon a unifying legal concept and English principle of unjust enrichment, and that the explanation of the unjust enrichment concept as the foundation of an independent branch of the common law and taxonomy is theoretically sustainable. In this manner concepts and principles of the common law are demonstrated as critical characteristics of the common law at large.

A simple and efficient technique for the concentration enrichment of charged species within a microfluidic device was developed. The functional component of the system is a hydrogel microplug photopolymerized inside the microfluidic channel. The fundamental properties of the nanoporous hydrogel microplug in modulating the electrokinetic transport during the concentration enrichment were investigated. The physicochemical properties of the hydrogel plug play a key role in determining the mode of concentration enrichment. A neutral hydrogel plug acts as a physical barrier to the electrophoretic transport of charged analytes resulting in size-based concentration enrichment. In contrast, an anionic hydrogel plug introduces concentration polarization effects, facilitating a size and charge-based concentration enrichment. The concentration polarization effects result in redistribution of the local electric field and subsequent lowering of the extent of concentration enrichment. In addition, an electroosmotic flow originating inside the pores of the anionic hydrogel manipulates the location of concentration enrichment. A theoretical model qualitatively consistent with the experimental observations is provided.