Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2018-05-24T12:57:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Renata Italiano da Nóbrega Figueiredo.pdf: 23326888 bytes, checksum: 8f0f75d92f77a45b57d5db9a220d98be (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2018-06-05T11:34:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Renata Italiano da Nóbrega Figueiredo.pdf: 23326888 bytes, checksum: 8f0f75d92f77a45b57d5db9a220d98be (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-05T11:34:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Renata Italiano da Nóbrega Figueiredo.pdf: 23326888 bytes, checksum: 8f0f75d92f77a45b57d5db9a220d98be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-14 / Os ventiladores mecânicos pulmonares (VMP), são dispositivos utilizados frequentemente em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI), para pacientes clinicamente críticos. Qualquer falha neste dispositivo pode representar risco para segurança do paciente, podendo proporcionar danos temporários ou permanentes. Desse modo, objetivou-se avaliar os dados sobre as causas de falhas dos ventiladores mecânicos pulmonares em hospitais regionais da Paraíba. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa retrospectiva, transversal, documental e descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada em hospitais regionais no estado da Paraíba. A amostra foi do tipo não probabilística por acessibilidade, constituído por 422 fichas e o universo foi constituído por fichas de reparo e manutenção preventiva de ventiladores mecânicos pulmonares (VMP) preenchidas entre os anos de 2012 a 2016 dos hospitais em questão. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos para avaliação: ficha de categorização dos dispositivos e argumentação estruturada. Os dados obtidos foram expressos, descritivamente, em média, desvio padrão da média e porcentagem. A análise estatística foi feita através do programa IBM-SPSS versão 20.0. Este trabalho foi submetido ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba sob o número 54007116.9.0000.5187. Nos resultados desta pesquisa, foi identificado falhas nos VMP, onde problemas de bateria, software, célula de oxigênio, calibração, teclado, display e válvulas foram as mais frequentes. Após a análise de falhas, constatou-se que intercorrências mecânicas que interferem na Fração Inspirada de Oxigênio (FiO2) estão diretamente relacionadas ao não fornecimento de gás (n= 18), vazamentos (n= 18), falha na ciclagem (n= 30), pane eletrônica (n= 25), entre outros. Problemas administrativos como subnotificação e um mal armazenamento de dados também foram encontrados. O resultado desta pesquisa pode oferecer subsídios para um melhor gerenciamento de risco, no desenvolvimento de protocolos assistenciais, em uma articulação sistêmica entre possíveis sinais de alertas e respectivas necessidades de intervenções administrativas juntamente com a engenharia clínica. / Pulmonary mechanical ventilators (VMP) are devices often used in intensive care units (ICU) for clinically critical patients. Any failure in this device may present a risk to patient safety and can provide temporary or permanent damage. Thus, it aimed to evaluate the data on the causes of failure of pulmonary mechanical ventilators in regional hospitals of Paraiba. This was a retrospective study, cross, documentary and descriptive, with quantitative approach. The survey was conducted in regional hospitals in the state of Paraiba. The sample was non probabilistic accessibility, consisting of 422 records and the universe consisted of repair records and preventive maintenance of pulmonary mechanical ventilators (VMP) filled between the years 2012-2016 of the hospitals in question. Categorization form of devices and structured argument: the following instruments for evaluation were used. Data were expressed descriptively as mean, standard deviation from the mean and percentage. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM-SPSS version 20.0 program. This study was submitted to the Ethics Committee of the Paraíba State University under number 54007116.9.0000.5187. The results of this research, was identified flaws in the VMP where battery problems, software, oxygen cell calibration, keyboard, display and valves were the most frequent. After the failure analysis, it was found that mechanical complications that interfere with the inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) are directly related to non-supply of gas (n = 18), leaks (n = 18), failure to cycling (n = 30), electronic part (n = 25), among others. Administrative problems such as underreporting and a data storage poorly were also found. The result of this research may provide insight for better risk management, development of care protocols, in a systemic link between possible signs of alerts and their needs administrative interventions with clinical engineering.

Orientadores: Marcelo Marotta Araújo, Roger William Fernandes Moreira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T00:56:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moura_AndrezzaLauriade_M.pdf: 4155630 bytes, checksum: 44572134d9e31084a7892cb0866a1d79 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O propósito no estudo foi avaliar comparativamente, através de teste de carregamento linear e análise fractográfica, duas marcas de material de fixação interna estável com dois métodos de fixação em fraturas simuladas em corpo de hemimandíbulas de alumínio. O trabalho foi dividido em dois grupos: Grupo I com duas estruturas de alumínio semelhantes à hemimandíbulas e fixação com duas placas de titânio de quatro furos do sistema 2,0mm, sendo uma placa na zona de compressão e outra zona de tensão, totalizando 20 placas de titânio; e grupo II, com duas estruturas de alumínio semelhantes à hemimandíbulas e fixação de uma placa de titânio de quatro furos do sistema 2,0mm na zona neutra de corpo de mandíbula, totalizando 10 placas de titânio. Testes de carregamento linear foram realizados por meio da máquina para ensaio universal mecânica Instron®, até a fratura do material. Após os testes, foram realizadas as análises fractográficas das superfícies de fratura dos materiais de fixação (grupos I e II) através de microscópio eletrônico de varredura FEI®, com o objetivo de analisar orientações, texturas e falhas dos materiais. Médias e desvio padrão das cargas e deslocamentos foram avaliados aplicando-se a Análise de Variância (ANOVA) two-way e teste de Tukey em nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados mostraram que o método de fixação com duas placas retas de quatro furos apresentou maior resistência à carga (p<0,01), quando comparado ao grupo de apenas uma placa de titânio na zona neutra mandibular. Ainda, a marca Traumec® apresentou maior resistência mecânica (p<0,01) quando utilizada no método com duas placas de fixação e a marca Tóride® (p<0,01) apresentou maior resistência as carga quando utilizada no método com apenas uma placa de fixação. A fractografia informou que todas as fraturas ocorreram por sobrecarga dúctil e micromecanismo alveolar / Abstract: The purpose of the study was to comparatively evaluate, through linear load test and fractographic analysis, two brands of stabel internal fixation in two methods of fixation in simulated body fractures in aluminium hemimandibules. The study was divided into two groups: Group I with two aluminum structures similar to hemimandibles for fixation of one 2,0mm miniplate in the compression zone and another one in tension zone, totaling 20 miniplates; and group II, with two aluminum structures similar to hemimandibles for fixation of one 2,0mm miniplate in the neutral zone of the mandible, totaling 10 miniplates. Mechanical tests were performed via mechanical universal testing machine Instron¿ until complete failure of the material. After the tests, fractography analysis of fractured surfaces were done in all materials (groups I and II) by a FEI¿ scanning electron microscopy, with the objective of analyzing orientation and textures of materials failures. Means and standard deviations of load and displacement were evaluated by applying the analysis of variance (ANOVA) two-way and the Tukey test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the method of fixation with two titanium plates with four holes showed higher resistance loads (p<0,01), when compared to only one titanium plate in the neutral zone of the mandible. Furthermore, the brand Traumec¿ showed higher mechanical strength (p<0,01) when used in the method with two fixing plates and the brand Toride¿ (p<0,01) showed a higher resistance to loads when used in the method with only one miniplate. The fractography reported that all fractures occurred in ductile overload and alveolar micromechanisms / Mestrado / Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais / Mestra em Clínica Odontológica

[pt] A construção de poços marítimos tem se mostrado uma atividade complexa e de alto risco. Para efetuar esta atividade as empresas se valem principalmente das unidades de intervenção de poços, também conhecidas como sondas. Estas possuem altos valores de taxas diárias de uso devido à manutenção preventiva da unidade em si, mas também por falhas as quais seus equipamentos estão sujeitos. No cenário específico da Petrobras, em junho de 2011, foi implantado no banco de dados da empresa um maior detalhamento na classificação das falhas de equipamentos de sonda. Com isso gerou-se uma descontinuidade nos registros da empresa e a demanda para adequar estes casos menos detalhados à classificação atual, mais completa. Os registros são compostos basicamente de informação textual. Para um passivo de 3384 registros, seria inviável alocar uma pessoa para classificá-los. Com isso vislumbrou-se uma ferramenta que pudesse efetuar esta classificação da forma mais automatizada possível, utilizando os registros feitos após junho de 2011 como base. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é de sanar esta descontinuidade nos registros de falha de equipamentos de sonda. Os dados foram tratados e transformados por meio de ferramentas de mineração textual bem como processados pelo algoritmo de aprendizado supervisionado SVM (Support Vector Machines). Ao final, após obter a melhor configuração do modelo, este foi aplicado às informações textuais do passivo de anormalidades, atribuindo suas classes de acordo com o novo sistema de classificação. / [en] Off-shore well construction has shown to be a complex and risky activity. In order to build off-shore wells, operators rely mainly on off-shore rigs. These rigs have an expensive day rate, related to their rental and maintenance, but also due to their equipment failure. At off-shore Petrobras scenario, on June of 2011, was implemented at the company database a better detailing on the classification of rig equipment failure. That brought a discontinuity to the database records and created a demand for adequacy of the former classification to the new classification structure. Basically, rig equipment failure records are based on textual information. For a liability of 3384 records, it was unable for one person to manage the task. Therefore, an urge came for a tool that could classify these records automatically, using database records already classified under the new labels. The main purpose of this work is to overcome this database discontinuity. Data was treated and transformed through text mining tools and then processed by supervised learning algorithm SVM (Support Vector Machines). After obtaining the best model configuration, the old records were submitted under this model and were classified according to the new classification structure.

This diploma thesis is based on an analysis of knowledge of inhabitants within the emergency planning zone of operations, security and behaviour in case of an accident in the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant (TNPP). Operation a nuclear equipment in connected with certain risks which can´t be utterly eliminated. From this reason, security precautions are made, which are based on an accident preparedness, or on emergency plans. Emergency planning serves to a preparedness for non-standard or emergency situations for an area which is called an emergency planning zone. The emergency preparedness, not only within this zone, has a key role for a successful performance of inhabitants´ protection in case of an emergency event. The concept of emergency preparedness includes both the emergency planning and inhabitants´ awareness and knowledge of operations, risks and following precautions in case of an accident in TNPP. The aim of this diploma thesis is to inquire about "What is knowledge of inhabitants within an emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant operations?" The theoretical part is based on consulting the employees of ČEZ Ltd. Who work in the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant as well as on a study of professional literature, articles and related legislation. The practical part is based on a questionnaire survey and it is divided into three parts: operations, risks, security, knowledge and behaviour during an accident. The results revealed some margins in respondents´ knowledge concerning issues of operations as well as knowledge and behaviour during an accident. A positive evaluation concerns respondents´ knowledge of used nuclear fuel, the meaning of containment building and the procedures in case of evacuation. On the other hand, the respondents showed insufficient knowledge of the function of a reactor, what barriers are between the active zone and environment and when to use iodine prophylaxis. I consider the present status of inhabitants´ knowledge of TNPP operations insufficient and I propose some improvements. It is important to focus on inhabitants older than 50 years, whose lack of knowledge is even alarming.

The mevalonate pathway is an important biosynthetic pathway, found in all cells of virtually all known pro- as well as eukaryotic organisms. This thesis is an investigation into the use of two drugs, originally developed for different applications, but both affecting the mevalonate pathway, in to models of fracture repair. Using two different rodent models of fracture repair, a commonly used cholesterol lowering drug (statin) and two drugs used to treat osteoporosis (bisphosphonate) were applied both systemically as well as locally in order to enhance fracture repair. Papers I and II investigate the potential of simvastatin to improve the healing of femoral fractures in mice. Papers III and IV explore the use of two bisphosphonates to improve early fixation of stainless steel screws into rat bone. The statin simvastatin lead to an increased strength of the healing cellus. The application of bisphosphonates increased early screw fixation. It seems clear that both drugs have uses in orthopaedic applications. One interesting avenue of further research would be to combine the two classes of drugs and see if we can get the benefits while at the same time diminishing the drawbacks.

Thesis (D. Tech. (Electrical Engineering, Dept. of Process Control and Computer Systems))--Vaal University of Technology. / In recent years, industrial plant maintenance has changed dramatically. These changes are due to a considerable increase in the number and variety of physical plant assets, increased design complexity, new maintenance techniques and changing perspectives regarding on how to perform maintenance effectively. Managers at modern process plants are becoming increasingly aware of the extent to which equipment failure affects safety and the environment. Process plant personnel are limited in their ability to accurately and consistently evaluate the health of plant assets. Due to poor record keeping, maintenance staff often has little defence against aging equipment and asset failures. As a result companies have undertaken to implement planned equipment maintenance schedules and install new technology to allow for efficient tracking and analysing of equipment health across the board. The introduction of an integrated asset management solution is presented in this thesis. The integrated asset management solution will assist maintenance staff to cost-effectively predict the probability of asset failure prior to the occurrence of any actual plant incidents. The integrated solution documented in this thesis will be implemented at the Sasol Solvents site to enhance plant availability, maximum up time for all plant assets and plant safety. Strategic Asset Management Inc. (SAMI) uses the Operational Reliability Maturity Continuum model to improve profitability, efficiency and equipment reliability. The SAMI empirical model employs various stages to address improved performance and asset management and was used as a guideline to develop an integrated solution to optimise plant performance and profits. The integrated asset management solution, documented in this thesis, was developed with the intended function of bringing information from diverse plant based systems and field equipment to the maintenance personnel in an understandable interface so that the information can be used to improve the reliability and availability of all plant assets.

With the world economy becoming unpredictable, it has become a necessity for businesses to relook at the way they do business. The world has become competitive and companies that aim to become profitable have seen the need to find ways to improve efficiencies and increase productivity to stay relevant. There has been an adoption of strategies that are aimed at improving the efficiencies in companies such as Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). The strategy is aimed at improving equipment efficiencies and increase productivity through the transfer of certain skills from maintenance personnel to operators. The aim is that the operators perform some of the activities that the maintenance people used to do and they do the more complex tasks. By transferring these skills to operators there is constant cleaning, inspections and lubricating of equipment. This frees up time for maintenance people to do planning and other jobs that require time and higher skills levels. The implementation of these activities allows companies to tap into unused capacity that was always hidden by breakdowns and unplanned stops. The process however requires commitment from management and all stakeholders involved in the organisation. There are prescribed implementation processes that can be followed or companies can follow their own processes but the fundamentals of involving people from the onset must be followed. The involvement of stakeholders creates commitment at all levels and in order to sustain this initiative people must be committed to it. The inclusion of the activities transferred from maintenance people to operators, will reinforce the knowledge and habits required from operators and perhaps sustain the initiative. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

With the world economy becoming unpredictable, it has become a necessity for businesses to relook at the way they do business. The world has become competitive and companies that aim to become profitable have seen the need to find ways to improve efficiencies and increase productivity to stay relevant. There has been an adoption of strategies that are aimed at improving the efficiencies in companies such as Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). The strategy is aimed at improving equipment efficiencies and increase productivity through the transfer of certain skills from maintenance personnel to operators. The aim is that the operators perform some of the activities that the maintenance people used to do and they do the more complex tasks. By transferring these skills to operators there is constant cleaning, inspections and lubricating of equipment. This frees up time for maintenance people to do planning and other jobs that require time and higher skills levels. The implementation of these activities allows companies to tap into unused capacity that was always hidden by breakdowns and unplanned stops. The process however requires commitment from management and all stakeholders involved in the organisation. There are prescribed implementation processes that can be followed or companies can follow their own processes but the fundamentals of involving people from the onset must be followed. The involvement of stakeholders creates commitment at all levels and in order to sustain this initiative people must be committed to it. The inclusion of the activities transferred from maintenance people to operators, will reinforce the knowledge and habits required from operators and perhaps sustain the initiative. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015