Abstract This study comprised three parts: a cross-sectional survey of 826 high school students, a 7-year follow-up survey of the same sample, and a MRI study of a subgroup (n=31) of the follow-up study population. Firstly, the aims of the study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of neck and shoulder pain (NSP) in populations 15-18 and 22-25 years old, and to evaluate sociodemographic factors, body size measurements, psychological factors and leisure time activities as possible associated and predictive factors of NSP. Secondly, the aim was to find out whether structural changes of the cervical spine detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were associated with NSP in young adults. The results showed the prevalence of self-reported weekly NSP in 15- to 18-year-old adolescents to be 17%, and in seven years, the prevalence of weekly NSP had increased to 28%. After seven years, the six-month incidence of occasional or weekly NSP was 59% among those asymptomatic at baseline. In the cross-sectional study, female gender, low physical activity, hobbies which statically load the upper extremities, low intensity of physical exercise, self-assessed moderate physical condition and psychosomatic symptoms and depressive mood were associated with a high prevalence of NSP, and sports which dynamically load the upper extremities were associated to a low prevalence of NSP. Symptoms in adolescence were associated with a high prevalence of NSP seven years later. Activity in sports, which dynamically load the upper extremities in adolescence, was associated with a low prevalence of NSP in adulthood. Of all variables in the study, psychosomatic symptoms were most congruently associated with a high prevalence of NSP, and psychosomatic symptoms in adolescence also predicted NSP in adulthood. In the MRI study, disc degeneration and anular tears of the cervical spine were common in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects. Disc herniations were the only abnormal finding that was significantly more common in symptomatic subjects.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-12T15:20:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Tese_Elyda Gonçalves_PPGG_2016.pdf: 2873444 bytes, checksum: a341f8fc45a442c022975db79d659268 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-12T15:20:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Tese_Elyda Gonçalves_PPGG_2016.pdf: 2873444 bytes, checksum: a341f8fc45a442c022975db79d659268 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11 / CAPES / O câncer da mama é o tipo de câncer que mais acomete mulheres em todo o mundo. Diversos fatores estãoassociados ao desenvolvimento desta neoplasia, dentre elas as infecções virais. Entre os três vírus mais estudados como causa de carcinogênese mamária está oPapillomavirus humano (HPV). Assim, oobjetivo foi detectar e analisar o HPV emcarcinomasmamáriosde mulheres do Nordeste do Brasil. A detecção do DNA viral foi realizada PCR, as amostras positivasforam tipificadas por sequenciamento. A quantificação da carga viral e a determinação do status físico por qPCR, e a detecção as oncoproteínas de E6 e E7 de HPV por imunohistoquímica. O DNA de HPV foi detectado em 46,7% dos carcinomas de mama HPV-positivos. O HPV16foi omais prevalente, 92% dos casos. A carga viral do HPV apresentou uma média de 14,2 cópias em 104 células, noscarcinomas de mama. Além disso, em 57,2% dos carcinomas mamáriosHPV-positivas apresentaram o DNA viral integrado ao genoma do hospedeiro. Altas taxas de detecção das oncoproteínas E6(89,5%) e E7(90%) foram identificadas nos carcinomas de mama HPV-positivos. Já as proteínas supressoras de tumor, p53 e p16INK4A, apresentaram taxas menores 95,7% e 92,3% respectivamente. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o vírus esteja em atividade nas células tumorais e provavelmente desempenhem papel na carcinogênese mamária. / Breast cancer is the type of cancer that affects more women around the world. Several factors are associated with the development of cancer, among which viral infections. Of the three most-studied virus as a cause of mammary carcinogenesis is the Human papillomavirus (HPV). The objective was to detect and analyze HPV in breast carcinomas of women in northeastern Brazil. The detection of viral DNA was performed PCR positive samples were typed by sequencing. The quantification of viral load and to determine the physical status by qPCR, and detection of the oncoproteins E6 and HPV E7 by immunohistochemistry. HPV DNA was detected in 46.7% of HPV-positive breast carcinomas. HPV16 was the most prevalent, 92% of cases. The HPV viral load averaged 14.2 copies in 104 cells in breast carcinomas. Furthermore, 57.2% of HPV-positive breast carcinomas showed the integrated viral DNA into the host genome. High rates of detection of E6 (89.5%) and E7 (90%) were identified in HPV-positive breast tumors. Already the tumor suppressor protein p53 and p16INK4a, had lower rates 95.7% and 92.3% respectively. The results of this study suggests that the virus is active in tumor cells and probably play role in breast carcinogenesis.