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Resuscitation, preservation, and evaluation of hearts donated after circulatory death: an avenue to expand the donor pool for transplantationWhite, Christopher W. 01 1900 (has links)
Cardiac transplantation is the treatment of choice for eligible patients with advanced heart failure; however, it is limited by a critical shortage of suitable organs from traditional brain-dead donors. Organs donated following circulatory death (DCD) have been used to successfully expand the pool of organs available for kidney, liver, and lung transplantation; however, concerns regarding the severity of injury sustained by the heart following withdrawal of life sustaining therapy have deterred the clinical transplantation of DCD hearts. Investigations aiming to optimize the resuscitation, preservation, and evaluation of DCD hearts may facilitate the development of an evidence based protocol for DCD heart transplantation that can be translated to the clinical area and expand the donor pool. Therefore, the objectives of this thesis are to develop a clinically relevant large animal model of DCD and gain a greater understanding regarding the physiologic impact of donor extubation on the DCD heart, demonstrate as a ‘proof-of-concept’ that utilizing an approach to donor heart resuscitation, preservation, and evaluation that is tailored to the DCD context can facilitate successful transplantation, and finally to investigate ways to optimize the resuscitation, preservation, and evaluation of DCD hearts for transplantation. The results of this thesis may then be used to inform the development of an evidence-based protocol for DCD heart transplantation that can be translated to the clinical area. The clinical adoption of such a protocol has the potential to expand the donor pool and improve outcomes for patients with end-stage heart failure. / May 2017
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Concept for Improvement of Afterload in an Ex Vivo Heart Evaluation SystemSjöberg, Ludvig January 2018 (has links)
Hjärtevaluering är avsett för att öka antalet transplanterade donerade hjärtan med målet att bli standardbehandling i samband med hjärttransplantation. Anledningen till behovet av hjärtevaluering är att samtidigt som människor dör i väntan på ett nytt hjärta så kasseras donerade hjärtan på grund av osäkerhet kring deras förmåga att skapa tillräckligt blodtryck och -flöde i mottagarens kropp.Detta arbete behandlar utveckling av koncept av en komponent i ett hjärtevalueringssystem som utvecklas av Igelösa Life Science AB. Komponenten är ett flödesmotstånd som kallas afterload och som används för att utvärdera ett donerat hjärtas förmåga att skapa blodtryck.Syftet med detta arbete är att förbättra användbarheten av hjärtevalueringssystemet för att öka antalet transplanterade hjärtan och på så vis rädda liv. Målet är att ta fram ett koncept för en afterload som har potential att lösa problem som identifierats under experimentella körningar av systemet. De huvudsakliga problemen är att en tillräcklig skillnad mellan det diastoliska och systoliska trycket inte kan uppnås samt och att afterloaden kräver en sterilklädd person för att styras.Arbetet resulterar i ett koncept som från utanför det sterila fältet som afterloaden verkar i kan styra flödesmotståndet och skapa flödesmotstånd som är tillräckligt för att utföra hjärtevaluering. Förslag på framtida arbete är att vidareutveckla konceptet genom att undersöka behov av övertrycksskydd i styrsystemet för flödesmotståndet samt att göra komponent- och materialval. / Today there are waiting lists for people in need of a heart through transplantation and every year people in these lists die due to deficiency of donated, transplantable hearts. Many of the hearts donated are discarded due to uncertainty regarding their condition, such hearts are called marginal hearts. The high number of marginal hearts have led Igelösa Life Science AB to develop a system for evaluating the actual performance of a donated heart ex vivo with the aim to prove transplantability of otherwise marginal hearts. The heart evaluation procedure is done in a stand-alone device prior to the implantation, and is to create proof of a donated heart's compatibility with the recipient. The proof comes mainly from the heart's ability to produce blood pressure.To simulate the arterial blood flow resistance, a component called afterload has been developed as a part of the heart evaluation system. It is connected to the outlets of an ex vivo heart. The aim with the heart evaluation procedure is to verify that the donated heart is in a sufficiently good condition to create blood pressure and flow in the recipient's body.The purpose of this work is to increase the number of donated hearts transplanted by improving the usability of the heart evaluation system. This work is focused on the afterload and aims to solve problems identified during experimental use, such as controllability of the flow resistance and making it controllable from outside the sterile field in which it operates.The work results in a concept for an afterload that controls the flow resistance by an adjustable volume which is mounted outside the sterile field. Further development of this concept might include component selection for the control system for the flow resistance and design of pressure relief that might be necessary.
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