Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 194-235). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR19820

Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2002. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-79). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ82918.

Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2003. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-85). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ99359

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 1999. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-189). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ39287.

Using counselling sessions conducted by ten "master therapists" (e.g., Rogers, Ellis, Perls) from four different schools of psychotherapy, the present study investigated relationships between four variables: Client experiencing, emotional arousal/expression, productive client in-session behaviours, and therapist interventions. / High levels of client experiencing occurred in significantly different proportions across schools in the sample, and had significantly different interactions with clients' productive in-session behaviours across the four schools studied. Likewise, admixtures of client experiencing and strong emotional arousal occurred to significantly different proportions across schools, and these admixtures also had significantly different interactions with clients' productive in-session behaviours across the four schools. These findings demonstrate that clients' productive in-session behaviours are not uniformly facilitated by high levels of experiencing across all schools. / Next, across schools, therapist interventions of low structure were found to be significantly more associated with subsequent high levels of client experiencing than were interventions of moderate or high structure. However, loglinear analysis indicated that this association varied across schools, suggesting that the same therapist interventions had different in-session outcomes in different schools. The same three interventions were most likely to be followed by high experiencing in all schools: Reflection, interpretation, and provision of information. The common factors implications of this finding are discussed. / Finally, in order to take in-session context into account, a second study examined in-session episodes that represented different experiencing/emotional arousal conditions. Two clinically experienced judges rated 23 aspects of the in-session process (i.e., therapist tasks, client tasks, client focus, and quality of episodes) of 24 such different episodes. Only one aspect emerged as significant: When working with clients at high levels of Experiencing, but without strong emotional arousal levels, therapists were significantly more likely to identify clients' underlying affect than in the other two Experiencing/emotional arousal episode types. No other significant differences were found in the therapist or clients' tasks, client focus, or quality of the different episodes. Several methodological directives are offered for future researchers employing a design similar to that of this second study.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2003. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-133). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ99258

This investigation sought to discover, identify and describe in-session change episodes in marital Experiential Systemic Therapy (Friesen et al., 1989) through a naturalistic discovery-oriented methodology. This study responds to calls made regarding the need to study complex and intricate processes, such as psychotherapy (Greenberg, 1986), via discovery-oriented methods (Mahrer, 1988). The observational analysis of 40 videotaped-sessions, of three couples, revealed the presence of ten episodes of change. The actions and interactions of the members of the therapeutic system in these episodes were analyzed via the grounded theory method of analysis. This analysis generated a conceptual framework describing the internal structure of change. The resulting conceptual framework consisted of a core category named synergetic shifting. This category refers to an interactional process in which the partners with the assistance of the therapist moved away from rigid, distancing and alienating interactional patterns toward interpersonal flexibility, compassion and affiliation by working through blocks hindering the couples' engagement and intimate connection. Synergetic shifting consists of four client and three therapist categories. Within the progressive nature of synergetic shifting, the client categories were: (1) owning one's part in the relational conflict; (2) couple contacting: restricted and limited; (3) couple working through blocks to intimacy; and (4) couple engaging compassionately. The therapist's actions and interactions were categorized under supporting, transitional and shifting operations.

Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 199-211). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR29570

Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-114). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url%5Fver=Z39.88-2004&res%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss &rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR11826