Indiana Department of Natural Resources began a program of right-of-way (ROW) plantings for wildlife in 1976. By 1983, almost 950,000 shrubs had been planted along four-lane highways. The use of these plantings by wildlife was studied from June 1983 to January 1984. Shrub-planted study areas and grassed control areas were identified along four highways. All areas were walked four times during the study period and observed birds, mammals and roadkilled wildlife were recorded. Incidence of roadkill was not affected by the plantings. The number of rabbits was only slightly increased by the presence of shrubs. Planted areas were used by a greater number of bird species and by a much greater number of individual birds than the grassed areas. ROW plantings are an important addition to wildlife habitat.

Thesis (PhD)--University of Technology Sydney, 2007.

Thesis (M.Arch.) - Carleton University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-157). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M. S.)--City and Regional Planning, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. / Committee Member: Amekudzi, Adjo; Committee Member: Guensler, Randall; Committee Member: Ross, Catherine.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1996. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-166). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio University, June, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

by Michael B. McIllrath. / Bibliography: leaves 47-52. / Prepared under grant DOT/TSC 849. Originally presented as the author's thesis, (B.S.) in the M.I.T. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1976.

One of the most effective measures of congestion control on freeways has been ramp metering, where vehicle entry to the freeway is regulated by traffic signals (meters). Meters are run with calibrated influx rates to prevent highway saturation. However, recent observations of some metering sites in San Diego, CA indicate that metering, during peak hour demand, is helping freeway flow while sometimes creating considerable traffic back-ups on local streets, transferring congestion problems from the freeway to intersections. Metering problems stem largely from the difficulty of designing an integrated, dynamic metering scheme that responds not only to changing freeway conditions but also to fluctuating demand throughout the ramp network; a scheme whose objective is to maintain adequate freeway throughput as well as minimize disproportionate ramp delays and queue overspills onto surface streets. Simulation modeling is a versatile, convenient, relatively inexpensive and safe systems analysis tool for evaluating alternative strategies to achieve the above objective. The objective of this research was to establish a basic building block for a discrete system simulation model, ONRAMP, based on a stochastic, mesoscopic, queueing approach. ONRAMP is for modeling entrance ramp geometry, vehicular generation, platooning and arrivals, queueing activities, meters and metering rates. The architecture of ONRAMP's molecular unit is designed in a fashion so that it can be, with some model calibration, duplicated for a number of ramps and, if necessary, integrated into some other larger freeway network models. SLAM.II simulation language is used for computer implementation. ONRAMP has been developed and partly validated using data from eight ramps at Interstate-B in San Diego. From a systems perspective, simulation will be short-sided and problem analysis is incomplete unless the other non-technical metering problems are explored and considered. These problems include the impacts of signalizing entrance ramps on the vitality of adjacent intersections, land use and development, "fair" geographic distribution of meters and metering rates throughout the freeway corridor, public acceptance and enforcement, and the role and influence of organizations in charge of decision making in this regard. Therefore, an outline of a contextual systems approach for problem analysis is suggested. Benefits and problems of freeway control via ramp metering, both operational short-term and strategic long-term, are discussed in two dimensions: global (freeway) and local (intersection). The results of a pilot study which includes interviews with field experts and law enforcement officials and a small motorist survey are presented.

This study has evaluated the effectiveness of the present taxation policies in Virginia's interstate and arterial highway systems. To do this, it has estimated the vehicle miles of travel for different classes of vehicles on each route, the maintenance costs (general and replacement) arisen from the use of each route by different classes of vehicles, and the revenues (fuels tax and registration fee) contributed by each class of vehicles on each route. Then, the expected revenues were compared to expected expenditures over a ten-year period ( from 1981 to 1990) to show when and in which class of vehicles the present taxation policies should be changed so that sufficient funds can be generated to cover the maintenance costs of the highways. The study has also provided enough information to show the degree of importance of the routes in the state highway system -- in terms of travel and financial viability -- which may help to set up a priority scheme for the maintenance and improvement of the routes. / M.S.

No description available.