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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo comparativo de respostas da banana Ãs aplicaÃÃes de fertilizante mineral e biofertilizante na Chapada do Apodi - CE / Comparative study on the responses of the banana to mineral fertilizer and biofertilizer applications

Josà Wilson Gomes dos Santos 29 November 2011 (has links)
Banco do Nordeste do Brasil / Os biofertilizantes lÃquidos vÃm sendo utilizados com relativo sucesso na recuperaÃÃo de bananais que apresentam baixa produtividade, apÃs longo tempo de cultivo. Essa Ãrea ainda carece de estudos, porque sÃo poucas as informaÃÃes existentes relacionadas a tratos culturais que visem ao aumento da vida Ãtil do bananeiral. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer um estudo comparativo em Ãreas de bananais degradados que receberam aplicaÃÃo do biofertilizante por um perÃodo de 2 e 5 anos e Ãrea onde a cultura nÃo recebeu esse tipo de aplicaÃÃo. Foram avaliados os efeitos do tempo de aplicaÃÃo sobre as caracterÃsticas quÃmicas do solo, medidas biomÃtricas da planta (altura, nÃmero, comprimento e largura das folhas), produÃÃo de matÃria seca, extraÃÃo e exportaÃÃo de N, P e K pela touceira (planta mÃe, filha e neta) e o aporte de resÃduos vegetais ao solo. Os estudos foram realizados nas Fazendas Frutacor Ltda e Damami na chapada do Apodi municÃpio de QuixerÃ-CE, onde trÃs Ãreas foram selecionadas em bananais de produÃÃo comercial: 1- uma Ãrea controle (AC) irrigada com Ãgua de canal e utilizando-se somente adubaÃÃo mineral; 2- uma Ãrea com 2 anos de aplicaÃÃo do biofertilizante mais adubaÃÃo mineral (A2) e irrigada com Ãgua de poÃo e 3- outra Ãrea com 5 anos de aplicaÃÃo do biofertilizante mais adubaÃÃo mineral (A5) tambÃm irrigada com Ãgua de poÃo. Todas essas Ãreas eram cultivadas com bananeira da cultivar Pacovan com 13 anos de cultivo, plantadas em fileira dupla e densidade de 1400 plantas por hectare. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com trÃs repetiÃÃes. O biofertilizante aumentou os teores de matÃria orgÃnica, K e Ca trocÃveis nas trÃs profundidades do solo. Os nÃveis de P extraÃvel e Mg trocÃvel foram superiores somente na camada superficial. O biofertilizante e a Ãgua da irrigaÃÃo de poÃo aumentaram o pH, a CE e o Na do solo. As plantas que receberam aplicaÃÃo do biofertilizante foram mais altas, com maior peso e n de folhas. A Ãrea A5 que recebeu mais tempo de aplicaÃÃo do biofertilizante apresentou maior produtividade, acumulou 20% mais matÃria seca que a Ãrea controle, extraiu mais N, P e K do solo, exportou mais nutrientes atravÃs da colheita e aportou maior quantidade de resÃduos vegetais ao solo. O sistema de manejo e adubaÃÃo influenciou no desenvolvimento e produÃÃo da bananeira, contribuindo na recuperaÃÃo de bananais degradados. Palavras-Chave: Bananeira; Biofertilizante; ExtraÃÃo de Nutrientes. / The liquid biofertilizers have been used with relative success in the recovery of banana plantations that have low productivity due to long time of cultivation. The area of the present study needs further investigations because there is little information available related to the cultural practices that could increase the time of the crop yield. The objective of the present study was to compare the areas of degraded banana plantations that received application of fertilizer for a period of 2 e 5 years with the areas where the crop did not receive fertilizer application. It was studied the effects of time of application on soil chemical characteristics, biometric measurements of the plant (height, number, length and width of leaves), dry matter production, extraction and export of N, P and K by the plants ( the mother, the daughter and the granddaughter banana plants) and amount of incorporated of plant residues into the soil. The studies were conducted in the localities of Frutacor. and Damami Farms Ltd at the Apodi plateau (county of QuixerÃ-CE, Brazil), where three areas were selected with commercial production of banana. The areas were: 1) - a control area (CA) irrigated with river water and using only mineral fertilizer; 2) - an area that received biofertilizer applications during two years plus mineral fertilization (A2) and being irrigated with well water; and 3) - another area that received 5 years of biofertilizer application plus mineral fertilization (A5) also irrigated with well water. All these areas were planted with banana Pacovan for 13 consecutive years of cultivation following a planting spacing with double rows and density of 1400 plants per hectare. The experimental design was a completely randomized blocks with three replications. The biofertilizer application increased the content of organic matter, exchangeable Ca and K contents in the three soil depths. The levels of extractable P and exchangeable Mg contents were higher only at the surface layer. The irrigation with well water and application of biofertilizer increased soil pH, soil EC and soil Na. Plants that received application of biofertilizer were higher, with both greater weight and number of leaves. The A5 area that has received the application of biofertilizer for more time showed higher productivity, accumulated 20% more dry matter than the control area, extracted more N, P and K from soil, exported more nutrients through harvesting and deposited larger amounts or plant residues on the soil. Key words: Banana; Biofertilizer; Extraction of Nutrients.

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