Diploma thesis deals with the risk assessment of metals in soils near roads in the city of Brno. For samples collection has been chosen twenty-five localities which were divided into five groups depending on the traffic load, in order to compare the impact of transport on the risk of soil contamination with metals. In the soil samples were determined levels of six hazardous metals (Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu). Lead, zinc, nickel and copper were determined by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS), cadmium by the electrotermic atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS) and mercury by the advanced mercury analyzer AMA 254.

Nowadays, magnesium alloys are used in many sectors of human activity, particularly in the aerospace and automotive industries, due to a combination of good mechanical properties and low density of magnesium. Recently, however, the attention is paid to the possibility of using magnesium alloys in the medical field, mainly due to the chemical properties of magnesium. The diploma thesis is focused on evaluating of the corrosion behavior of AZ31alloy and AZ61 alloys in SBF solutions that are solutions simulating body fluids. The alloys were subjected to immersion test in Hank’s solutions for time span from 24 to 1008 hours. The corrosion process was evaluated based on several factors: alloy composition, time and pH changes. The thesis also describes in detail the methodology for establishing magnesium and zinc by method of flame absorption spektrometry (F AAS). The determination of aluminum was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization (ET AAS).

Subject of this diploma thesis is analysis of selected heavy metals in soils which are exposed to long-time cause of contaminants from metallurgical industry in localities Třinec and Ostrava. For assessment of the contamination, indexes for evaluation of soils were chosen. Those indexes are focusing mainly on rate of enrichment of the soils by selected heavy metals and resulting ecological and possibly health risk for human organism. Within every location, 26 samples were extracted, while every sample extract location, were selected to map the level of pollution around metallurgical plants in the most complex way. The analysis of the samples was done by techniques F-AAS and AMA 254 and established metals were mercury, lead, copper, chrome, nickel, manganese and zinc.

This diploma thesis deals with a potential contamination of hazardous metals of soil and sediments. The metals cadmium, copper, lead and mercury were chosen, their specification, limited concentration and methods of determination are also described in thesis. City Jihlava and its surroundings were chosen for evaluating pollution of the soil and sediments in this area. In collected samples of the soil and sediments presence of copper, cadmium, lead and mercury were detected via atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS, ET-AAS, AMA 254). The metal pollution of soils and sediments by hazardous elements in Jihlava River and in Jihlava region was evaluated.

This thesis aims to assess the extent of contamination of soil and sediment with risk metals in Jelšava. The main polluter of the environment in this area is the magnetize factory. Sampling of soils and sediments were made in three seasons. Sampling times were staggered to represent different seasons and to take into account the impact of the seasons on the obtained values of the concentrations in soil and sediment. Sampling sites were selected according according to the different distances from the factory and according to the different loading of roads. In each of the collected samples were determined concentrations of the elements copper, lead, zinc, nickel, manganese, mercury, cadmium and vanadium. Copper, lead, zinc, nickel and manganese were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry with atomization in a flame (F AAS), cadmium and vanadium were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization (ET AAS). For the determination of mercury was used mercury analyzer (AMA).