• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Étude des protéines NFU, ISCA et FDX, impliquées dans la maturation des centres fer-soufre dans les mitochondries d’Arabidopsis thaliana / Study of NFU, ISCA and FOX proteins involved in FE.S cluster maturation in mitochondria from Arabidopsis thaliana

Przybyla-Toscano, Jonathan 03 February 2017 (has links)
Chez les plantes, les protéines à centre fer-soufre (Fe-S) sont impliquées dans de nombreux processus cellulaires (e.g. photosynthèse, respiration). La maturation de ces protéines nécessite la synthèse de novo des centres Fe-S à l’aide de machineries d’assemblage spécifiques. Les plantes possèdent trois machineries d’assemblage nommées SUF, ISC et CIA, dédiées à la maturation des protéines plastidiales, mitochondriales et nucléaires ou cytosoliques, respectivement. Lors de la maturation des protéines mitochondriales, un centre [2Fe-2S] est initialement assemblé sur la protéine d’échafaudage ISU puis transféré vers les apoprotéines cibles à l’aide de chaperons et de diverses protéines de transfert. Si ces étapes semblent suffisantes pour la maturation de protéines incorporant des centres [2Fe-2S], un couplage réductif de deux centres [2Fe-2S] est nécessaire pour la maturation des protéines de type [4Fe-4S]. Cette conversion nécessite des protéines de transfert et un donneur d’électrons, potentiellement la même ferrédoxine que celle qui agit déjà lors des étapes précoces pour la réduction du soufre. En combinant des approches moléculaires, biochimiques et génétiques, l’implication des protéines de transfert NFU et ISCA et des ferrédoxines mitochondriales (mFDX) dans les étapes tardives de transfert et de conversion a été explorée au cours de cette thèse chez la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana. Des expériences de complémentation en levure ont démontré que les protéines NFU et ISCA de plantes peuvent assurer les mêmes fonctions que leurs orthologues respectifs, suggérant que ces étapes tardives ont été conservées. Cependant, contrairement à la levure, l’analyse de lignées n’exprimant pas les deux protéines NFU indiquent qu’elles sont essentielles pour le développement de l’embryon. Au niveau moléculaire, les analyses effectuées à l’aide d’approches in vivo et/ou in vitro ont permis d’identifier une interaction entre ISCA1a ou ISCA1b et ISCA2, NFU4 et NFU5 mais aucune interaction avec les deux mFDX dont le rôle dans les dernières étapes d’assemblage des centres Fe-S reste donc incertain. La formation d’holo-hétérocomplexes entre ISCA1 et ISCA2 a été confirmée par co-expression chez E. coli et purification des protéines recombinantes. Globalement, en associant la littérature à propos de la machinerie ISC et les résultats obtenus, le modèle qui ressort est que des hétérocomplexes ISCA1/2 agiraient immédiatement en amont des protéines NFU qui permettraient a minima la maturation des centres [4Fe-4S] de la lipoate synthase. Ce seul partenaire pourrait expliquer en grande partie la létalité d’un mutant nfu4 x nfu5 car l’activité de plusieurs protéines centrales pour le métabolisme mitochondrial dépend de l’acide lipoïque / In plants, iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins are involved in crucial processes such as photosynthesis and respiration. The maturation of these proteins requires the de novo synthesis of their Fe-S clusters through dedicated assembly machineries. Plants have three Fe-S cluster assembly machineries, namely SUF, ISC and CIA, devoted to the maturation of plastidial, mitochondrial and nuclear or cytosolic proteins, respectively. During the mitochondrial Fe-S protein maturation, a [2Fe-2S] cluster is first assembled on the ISU scaffold protein then transferred to target proteins with the help of chaperones and various transfer proteins. If these steps are sufficient for the maturation of [2Fe-2S] proteins, a reductive coupling process of two [2Fe-2S] clusters is required for the maturation of [4Fe-4S] proteins. This conversion needs transfer proteins and an electrons donor, potentially the same ferredoxin which acts during the first step of the Fe-S cluster biogenesis for sulfur reduction. By combining molecular, biochemical and genetic approaches, the involvement of NFU and ISCA transfer protein and mitochondrial ferredoxin (mFDX) in the late transfer and conversion steps has been explored during this PhD project by using the Arabidopsis thaliana plant model. Yeast complementation experiments have demonstrated that plant NFU and ISCA proteins have functions similar to their respective orthologs, suggesting that these late steps are conserved. However, unlike yeast, the characterization of nfu mutant lines indicates that both proteins are essential for early embryonic development. At the molecular level, in vivo and in vitro approaches have shown an interaction between ISCA1a or ISCA1b and ISCA2, NFU4 and NFU5 but no interaction with the two mFDX whose participation in the late steps remains uncertain. The formation of ISCA1-ISCA2 holo-heterocomplexes has been confirmed by co-expression in E. coli and purification of recombinant proteins. Overall, the literature and results obtained here highlight a model where ISCA1/2 heterocomplexes would act immediately downstream of NFU proteins which would a minima allow [4Fe-4S] cluster maturation of the lipoate synthase. This sole partner could primarily explain the lethality of a nfu4 x nfu5 double mutant because the activity of several proteins central for the mitochondrial metabolism depends on lipoic acid
2

Přenosová technologie G.mgfast / G.mgfast transmission technology

Rada, Dominik January 2021 (has links)
The master thesis deals with G.fast and G.mgfast transmission technologies, including their parameters. The work deals with the principle of vector DMT modulation and the possibility of time duplex TDD and full-duplex FDX in two-way communication used in these technologies. The following is a description of the line using the KHM model, which is suitable for simulations in the transmission band using G.fast and G.mgfast technologies. Subsequently, the disturbing effects of crosstalk at the near end of NEXT and the far end of FEXT and their elimination with these technologies are discussing. Part of the work explains supporting calculations to determine the SNR and bit allocation to calculate the baud rate. The work describes the methods of compensation of crosstalk FEXT and NEXT, which affect the resulting baud rate. The work also includes an application for simulation of transmission speed as a function of distance for G.fast and G.mgfast technologies, allowing changing input parameters and adjusting the transmission bandwidth based on G.9700 and G.9701 standards. Also, in work, an application is created to display the compensation of the influence of the transmitted signal crosstalk FEXT and NEXT, which allow the import of measured crosstalk between individual participants. The issue of influencing crosstalk for accurate measurements in the laboratory is also discussing. An application in the MATLAB environment is creating to display the measured characteristics.

Page generated in 0.0197 seconds