Bibliography: leaves 173-183. / xviii, 183 leaves : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Demonstrates that the local strain rate in the fluidic precessing jet (FPJ) flames is reduced by an order of magnitude relative to momentum dominated simple jet flames and this difference is shown to correlate with reduced NOx emissions and increased emissivity. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1998

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Open-channel flows are ubiquitous in nature and play a central role in many hydraulic engineering problems. This flow type occurs almost exclusively under fully-rough turbulent conditions and it is not uncommon for the relative submergence of these flows to be low. Despite this, most theory has so far been developed for smooth wall flows or rough-bed flows at high submergence while its applicability at low relative submergence remains questionable. This thesis therefore aims to contribute towards an improved understanding of turbulence structure in rough-bed open-channel flow at low to intermediate relative submergence. Experiments were conducted to collect turbulent velocity field data for nine different flow scenarios, covering roughness Reynolds numbers between 175 and 900, and relative submergence between 2.5 and 7.5. Each flow scenario was measured independently using particle image velocimetry (PIV) in five distinct configurations. The PIV system was first configured to make two-component velocity measurements with a very wide field of view (up to twenty flow depths) along the channel centreline in a streamwise-wall-normal plane. These measurements were supplemented with three-component stereoscopic PIV recordings along the same plane albeit with a shorter field of view. The third, fourth and fifth set ups involved stereoscopic PIV in three separate transverse-wall-normal planes and thus ensured the complete lateral coverage of the flow field from the sidewall to the centreline. The four-camera arrangement of each of the present stereoscopic PIV configurations was exploited to obtain velocity field statistics with significantly reduced contributions from measurement noise. The thesis reports distributions of bulk velocity statistics and spectra of all three velocity components. In addition, characteristic large scale features of the instantaneous flow are examined using velocity field visualisation, two-point velocity correlations and premultiplied velocity spectra. Further analysis is carried out on the time-averaged flow field to visualise secondary current patterns and to study their lateral extent.

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published_or_final_version / Civil and Structural Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Mechanical Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Mechanical Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Mechanical Engineering / Master / Master of Science in Engineering