This thesis examines the levels of restrictive foreign investment regulatory policies of Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore from 1970 to 1980. The study seeks to explain why their policies varied. It presents a descriptive comparison of each country's policies restricting foreign investment. This discussion deals with general quantitative limits on foreign ownership, restrictions on certain economic sectors, restrictions on the operations of foreign-owned corporations, and the use of government-owned corporations as instruments of control over foreign investment. Based on the comparison, the study concludes that Malaysia placed greater restrictions on foreign investment than Thailand or Singapore. It is argued that differences in the domestic political and economic settings of Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore explain Malaysia's greater restrictiveness. The thesis examines each state's past experience with a colonial power, economic strategies of the political elites, domestic political pressures, and the presence of ethnic minorities. It also looks at such contributing factors as the size of the natural resource sector, the prevalence of industries with old technology, and the level of foreign ownership of industry in each country. This thesis concludes that Malaysia placed more restrictions than Thailand or Singapore because it had a very different domestic setting: an economically-dominant ethnic minority, domestic pressure for restrictions, and a nationalistic and interventionist economic strategy. Taken together, these differences explain Malaysia's greater restrictions on foreign investment. Of the explanatory variables, ethnic factors are the most important. / Arts, Faculty of / Political Science, Department of / Graduate

published_or_final_version / Comparative Asian Studies / Master / Master of Arts

For at least a century, applied linguists have been researching and developing an ever evolving concept of how to approach and teach culture in the foreign language (FL) classroom. Frequently, we find researchers stating why culture should be taught, offering their own definitions of culture, and suggesting methods for practical implementation. A common goal in this process has been finding a cohesive definition of culture that would unite the field in the implementation of methods that would naturally follow. While great strides have been made in the development of theories, definitions, and suggested methods, there exists a lag between researchers’ discoveries and the application of the concept in teachers’ lessons. This paper will briefly review the history of culture research in the FL field, offer analysis of potential reasons for the lag in implementation, and conclude with an overview of challenges in the practical field. / text

No description available.

M.Com. (Taxation) / One of the canons of context requires that a liability will be in 1986:para 4.47). taxation is certainty. "Certainty taxpayer be reasonably certain of what any given set of circumstances" (Margo in this his tax Report, It is submitted that, at present, there is not the desired certainty regarding the treatment of unrealised foreign exchange differences. This is proven by the internal memorandum circularised by the Commissioner of Inland Revenue, advising local Receivers of Revenue to put on hold all income tax returns with unrealised foreign exchange losses and all objections to the disallowance of these losses until such time that it has, in consultation with professional bodies, been able to establish an acceptable solution to the problem (Commissioner for Inland Revenue, n.d.). No finality has been reached to date and uncertainty therefore still prevails on either side of the fence, resulting in losses to both parties. As a result of the Commissioner's instruction not to assess income tax returns with foreign exchange differences, Revenue suffers significant losses from a cash flow point of view. This is because a taxpayer is entitled to base his first and second provisional tax payment for a particular tax year on his "basic amount", this being his taxable income or assessed loss for the last tax year for which he has been assessed. For many affected taxpayers, this is their 1984 tax year in respect of which they reported a considerably lower taxable income than for their last year of assessment. This means that their first two provisional tax payments in respect of a particular tax year can be extremely low in comparison to their taxable income for their last year of assessment. There are also quite a few taxpayers who had an assessed loss for their 1984 tax year who are therefore not required to make a payment at all. It follows, therefore, that Revenue could improve its cash flow position by not allowing assessments to fall too far in arrears. Conversely, disallowance response to pay tax on purposes. taxpayers lose where they have objected to the of their foreign exchange losses and are still awaiting a their objections as, in the meantime, they will have to the basis that the losses are not deductible for tax The direct effect of the disallowance of unrealised foreign exchange losses would be that the after tax cost of borrowings from abroad would be unacceptably high, thus creating a bias towards local borrowing. In a country in dire need of foreign capital, this situation is obviously totally undesirable.

梁炳華. / 據稿本複印 / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學硏究院歷史學部中國歷史學,1993. / 附參考文獻 / Liang Binghua. / 論文撮要 --- p.a / 導 論 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一章 --- 九龍城寨的興築 --- p.20 / Chapter 第一節 --- 興建九龍城寨的背景 --- p.20 / Chapter 第二節 --- 城寨的興建與完成 --- p.27 / Chapter 第三節 --- 小 结 --- p.42 / Chapter 第二章 --- 一八九八-一九〇〇年城寨治權爭拗的產生 --- p.45 / Chapter 第一節 --- 中國保留城寨治權的背景 --- p.46 / Chapter 第二節 --- 英國朝野對中國保留城寨治權的反應 --- p.50 / Chapter 第三節 --- 英國接管新界前的準備 --- p.57 / Chapter 第四節 --- 英國佔領九龍城寨及深圳的背景 --- p.63 / Chapter 第五節 --- 中英對九龍城寨治權持續兩年的交涉 --- p.87 / Chapter 第六節 --- 小 结 --- p.103 / Chapter 第三章 --- 一九三〇年代´ؤ´ؤ中英持續四年的九龍城寨治權之爭 --- p.109 / Chapter 第一節 --- 中英兩國捍衛城寨治權的背景 --- p.109 / Chapter 第二節 --- 貝璐時期´ؤ´ؤ英國對城寨拆遷立場的確立 --- p.118 / Chapter 第三節 --- 署理港督時期´ؤ´ؤ拆遷城寨導致的誤解與衝擊 --- p.141 / Chapter 第四節 --- 郝德傑時期´ؤ´ؤ由激烈歸於沈寂的城寨治權之爭 --- p.151 / Chapter 第五節 --- 小 结 --- p.176 / Chapter 第四章 --- 二次大戰後中港兩地的反英情緒與收回港九的呼聲 --- p.179 / Chapter 第一節 --- 華人之反英心態及「中國反英情緒備忘錄」 --- p.130 / Chapter 第二節 --- 寶安縣計剷城寨設治´ؤ´ؤ中英爭議再起風雲 --- p.187 / Chapter 第三節 --- 牽涉香港軍警的兩宗慘案´ؤ´ؤ收回港九高唱入雲 --- p.201 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小 論 --- p.212 / Chapter 第五章 --- 港府拆遷城寨與瀰漫中國的反英浪潮 --- p.215 / Chapter 第一節 --- 城寨由戰時至戰後的變遷 --- p.215 / Chapter 第二節 --- 港府宣佈拆遷城寨及中方的初步反應 --- p.218 / Chapter 第三節 --- 港府武力拆遷城寨及對居民代表的審訊 --- p.225 / Chapter 第四節 --- 中國各地爆發的反英帝國主義浪潮 --- p.236 / Chapter 第五節 --- 中文報章與城寨事件促成反英運動的關係 --- p.265 / Chapter 第六節 --- 小 结 --- p.271 / Chapter 第六章 --- 一九四七至四八年間中英對城寨治權之交涉及解決方案 --- p.274 / Chapter 第一節 --- 中英兩國對城寨拆遷所持之立場 --- p.274 / Chapter 第二節 --- 兩國對城寨問題所提之解決方荼 --- p.287 / Chapter 第三節 --- 一波三折的中英交涉 --- p.298 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小 结 --- p.311 / 结論 --- p.314 / 註釋 --- p.一 / 參考資料 --- p.A / 附錄 --- p.I / 銘 謝

by Lau Fung Wing Heidi. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Bibliography: leaves 80-81.

Victor Cheung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 1-[9] (2nd & 3rd group)). / THE RISE OF THE PRC'S NEW POLICY CONCERNING DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT AS A NEW ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.4 / Chapter 2. --- BACKGROUND / "Development of direct foreign investment in China, 1842-1949" --- p.9 / "PRC's policy concerning direct foreign investment, 1949-1977" --- p.18 / Chapter 3. --- FACTORS IN THE RISE OF THE NEW POLICY / Chapter 1) --- "Political change, 1976-78" --- p.38 / Chapter 2) --- Increasing emphasis on technology importation --- p.43 / Chapter 3) --- Restructuring of the economy --- p.57 / Chapter 4) --- New attitude towards foreign powers --- p.63 / Chapter 5) --- Need for managerial modernization --- p.68 / Chapter 4. --- INTRODUCTION AND DESIGN OF THE NEW POLICY / Introduction of the new policy --- p.78 / Technology Acquisition --- p.89 / Managerial modernization --- p.92 / "Increase of investment, export, employment, and revenue" --- p.96 / Some constraints on the new policy's design --- p.101 / Chapter 5. --- CONCLUSION --- p.111

Summary in Chinese. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Bibliography: leaves 176-177. / Chapter CHAPTER I --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- Economics of Foreign Investment --- p.19 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- Economics of Wholly-owned Foreign Manufacturing Companies in Hong Kong --- p.64 / Chapter CHAPTER IV --- Methodology --- p.83 / Chapter CHAPTER V --- A Bird's Eyeview on the Foreign-owned Manufacturing Companies in Hong Kong --- p.91 / Chapter CHAPTER VI --- The Study --- p.125 / Chapter CHAPTER VII --- Summary --- p.152 / APPENDICES --- p.155 / BIBLIOGRAPH --- p.176

論文(碩士)--香港中文大學,1976. / Manuscript. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 286-300). / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue,1976. / 緒論 / Chapter 一 --- 中日修好通商條約的訂立與征韓論 --- p.6 / Chapter 二 --- 琉球問題和台灣事件 --- p.52 / Chapter 三 --- 副島種臣使華 --- p.93 / Chapter 四 --- 征韓和征台的反覆 --- p.132 / Chapter 五 --- 日兵侵台的行動和中國的反應 --- p.181 / Chapter 六 --- 北京談判 --- p.223 / 結論 --- p.267 / Chapter 附錄一 --- 柳原前光草案 --- p.273 / Chapter 附錄二 --- 終日修好條規 --- p.279 / 參考書目 --- p.286