Este trabalho apresenta um método de análise de confiabilidade de sistemas novos em desenvolvimento, no qual se utiliza como referência dados predominantemente qualitativos. O método proposto está organizado em três fases, as quais são subdivididas em etapas que constituem as atividades a serem realizadas. A primeira fase é a análise FMEA, que visa definir e identificar falhas potenciais do sistema ainda em seus estágios iniciais de conceituação e projeto. A segunda fase é a análise de confiabilidade, que tem como objetivo gerar dados quantitativos para uma análise aprimorada da confiabilidade do sistema a partir de dados qualitativos coletados na fase da análise FMEA. A terceira fase consiste na análise comparativa e visa, além de comparar os resultados obtidos previamente, propor uma forma de integração destes. O método proposto foi aplicado em dois sistemas principais de um sistema de transporte sobre trilhos: o sistema de propulsão e o sistema de controle. Com o intuito de integrar as duas técnicas, propôs-se uma nova forma de calcular o risco, denominado RPNI, que leva em consideração o índice de severidade, a probabilidade de ocorrência, a probabilidade de detecção e o índice de impacto. A partir desse valor, foi então possível determinar os componentes considerados prioritários para os sistemas e propor as medidas cabíveis, tendo em vista as metas de segurança e a confiabilidade do sistema em desenvolvimento. / This work presents a method for the reliability analysis of a new system under development, which uses qualitative data as predominant reference. The proposed method is organized in three phases, which are subdivided in activities to be accomplished. The first phase employs the FMEA to define and identify potential failures in the early stages of conceptualization and system design. The second phase contemplates a mathematical reliability analysis, providing quantitative data for an enhanced analysis of system reliability from qualitative data collected at the first phase. The third phase, named comparative analysis, compares the previous results and proposes an integrated prioritization. The proposed method was applied in two major systems of a transportation system on guideways: the propulsion and the control systems. In order to integrate the FMEA and the mathematical analysis, a different form to calculate the risk, named RPNI, was proposed, which considers the severity index, occurrence probability, detection probability and the impact index. Using the RPNI, it was possible to determine system priority components and to propose appropriate measures to increase the safety and reliability goals of the system under development.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:42:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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Este trabalho apresenta um método de análise de confiabilidade de sistemas novos em desenvolvimento, no qual se utiliza como referência dados predominantemente qualitativos. O método proposto está organizado em três fases, as quais são subdivididas em etapas que constituem as atividades a serem realizadas. A primeira fase é a análise FMEA, que visa definir e identificar falhas potenciais do sistema ainda em seus estágios iniciais de conceituação e projeto. A segunda fase é a análise de confiabilidade, que tem como objetivo gerar dados quantitativos para uma análise aprimorada da confiabilidade do sistema a partir de dados qualitativos coletados na fase da análise FMEA. A terceira fase consiste na análise comparativa e visa, além de comparar os resultados obtidos previamente, propor uma forma de integração destes. O método proposto foi aplicado em dois sistemas principais de um sistema de transporte sobre trilhos: o sistema de propulsão e o sistema de controle. Com o intuito de integrar as duas técnicas, propôs-se uma nova forma de calcular o risco, denominado RPNI, que leva em consideração o índice de severidade, a probabilidade de ocorrência, a probabilidade de detecção e o índice de impacto. A partir desse valor, foi então possível determinar os componentes considerados prioritários para os sistemas e propor as medidas cabíveis, tendo em vista as metas de segurança e a confiabilidade do sistema em desenvolvimento. / This work presents a method for the reliability analysis of a new system under development, which uses qualitative data as predominant reference. The proposed method is organized in three phases, which are subdivided in activities to be accomplished. The first phase employs the FMEA to define and identify potential failures in the early stages of conceptualization and system design. The second phase contemplates a mathematical reliability analysis, providing quantitative data for an enhanced analysis of system reliability from qualitative data collected at the first phase. The third phase, named comparative analysis, compares the previous results and proposes an integrated prioritization. The proposed method was applied in two major systems of a transportation system on guideways: the propulsion and the control systems. In order to integrate the FMEA and the mathematical analysis, a different form to calculate the risk, named RPNI, was proposed, which considers the severity index, occurrence probability, detection probability and the impact index. Using the RPNI, it was possible to determine system priority components and to propose appropriate measures to increase the safety and reliability goals of the system under development.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:42:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / O desenvolvimento de sistemas de conversão de energia baseados na tecnologia de células a combustível tem demandado estudos de confiabilidade, uma vez que requisitos de durabilidade e custo passaram a ser fundamentais para a inserção desta tecnologia no mercado de energia. Neste trabalho foi proposta uma metodologia de análise de confiabilidade de células a combustível de membrana polimérica condutora de prótons (células a combustível do tipo PEM), tendo em vista a qualificação destes itens como protótipos de unidades comerciais. A metodologia proposta incluiu uma avaliação inicial qualitativa das possíveis falhas em células a combustível do tipo PEM, realizada pela aplicação de uma Análise de Modos de Falha e Efeitos, técnica conhecida pela sigla FMEA. Além disso, foi elaborado um plano de testes de vida para as unidades produzidas no IPEN CNEN/SP e foi efetuada a análise dos resultados usando-se métodos estatísticos para dados de confiabilidade. Assim, a parte experimental consistiu em produzir as células a combustível no laboratório e submetê-las aos testes de vida, nos quais foram simuladas condições reais de operação. Os dados amostrais foram analisados estatisticamente, gerando resultados importantes em relação às medidas de desempenho e durabilidade dos dispositivos em estudo. Por meio de uma análise não paramétrica, foi gerada uma estimativa da função de confiabilidade das células a combustível usando-se o estimador de Kaplan- Meier. Pela modelagem paramétrica, foi possível ajustar uma distribuição exponencial para o tempo de vida destes dispositivos, gerando uma estimativa de vida média de 1.094,58 horas, com intervalo de 95% de confiança de [533,03 horas; 2.836,13 horas]. Com relação ao desempenho, foi aplicada uma regressão linear simples aos dados de potencial elétrico ao longo do tempo, gerando um valor aproximado para a taxa de queda do potencial elétrico de 80 μV h-1. Cabe ressaltar que, a metodologia proposta neste estudo deverá ser integrada ao processo de desenvolvimento das células a combustível, para permitir o acompanhamento da melhoria de sua confiabilidade. / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:26:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:09:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

A roof is a critical envelope of a building. It provides protection for the building interior against various weather elements, such as snow, rain and wind. Roofs are normally composed of several components such as insulation, barriers and water proofing membrane. A roof edge is the perimetric part of a roof that serves as termination for roof components. In generic terms, a roof edge system is composed of a parapet with metal components, such as coping and cleat/clip. The edge system is typically subjected to negative pressure (suction) due to wind flow over the roof. Therefore, a roof edge is the front-line of defence against wind action. To develop testing standards and design guidelines for roof edges, a project referred as REST (Roof Edge Systems and Technologies) has been initiated in cooperation with the NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council). For the REST project, this thesis contributes in two folds: wind design procedure and the development of an experimental method for testing roof edge components. The present thesis analyzes the wind load calculation procedures as per the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) and American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). This has been achieved by taking side-by-side cities along Canada-USA border; wind load calculations were performed to demonstrate the differences and similarities between the NBCC and ASCE. As a part of the current contribution, the existing version of the online Wind-RCI Calculator was updated from NBCC2005 to NBCC2010 provisions. Towards the experimental contribution, the current study presents a new experimental method for testing and evaluating wind uplift resistance of roof edge systems by simulating wind loads in a lab environment on full-scale mock-ups. The test apparatus had a gust simulator device to mimic wind gusting (dynamic loading). This research investigates three widely used edge systems in North America: Continuous Cleat Configuration (CCC), Discontinuous Cleat Configuration (DCC) and Anchor Clip Configuration (ACC). Preliminary data show that CCC edge system has higher resistance in comparison to DCC and ACC edge systems. The experiments also revealed the need for experimental setup enhancement. Additional investigations by using the enhanced experimental setup were performed on both CCC and DCC edge systems.

A large component of the State of Utah's transportation network involves the use of MSE walls, which have proven useful in infrastructure for their reduced costs and footprint compared to other alternatives. As effective as MSE walls have been in responding to demands in transportation, they also have inherent challenges. For the majority of MSE walls the structure is limited in observation as structural components are buried as part of the soils mass. This inability to observe at can lead to the development of complex failure mechanisms, which can be difficult to assess and anticipate. As society becomes increasingly reliant on the transportation networks for goods, services, and security, properly understanding the potential failure mechanisms of MSE walls also increases in importance. This thesis discusses the development of an inspection procedure, data collection, geotechnical asset management database, and an evaluation of gathered information to be used in a reliability analysis of MSE walls for the State of Utah. The findings suggest areas of improvement in the design, specifications, maintenance, and further investigation of MSE walls.

Yes / In order to improve the efficiency of the structural lateral resistance system, a new type of Grid tubular-Double Steel Plate (GDSP) concrete composite shear walls is proposed and investigated in this paper. Six test specimens, namely one reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall, three GDSP concrete composite shear walls, one concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) frame, one CFST frame and GDSP concrete composite shear wall combined system were physically tested to failure. The seismic performance of the six test specimens, including hysteresis behavior, ductility, energy dissipation, degradation of stiffness and strength, are recorded and compared. The results show that the GDSP concrete composite shear walls exhibited typical bending failure under low reversed cycle loading, achieving good seismic performance with full hysteresis curve, high bearing capacity, excellent ductility, slow degradation of stiffness and bearing capacity. Under the same axial compression ratio, the yield load of GDSP concrete composite shear wall was about 2.73 times, whilst the peak load was 3.23 times, respectively, of those of RC shear wall. On the other hand, the peak displacement of GDSP concrete composite shear wall was 5 times while ultimate displacement was 3.86 times, respectively, of those of RC shear wall. For GDSP concrete composite shear walls, with the increase of axial compression ratio, the peak load of the new types of concrete composite shear wall increases, but the ductility decreases, gradually. The CFST frame and GDSP concrete composite shear wall can work together co-ordinately. The hysteretic curve of the combined system is fuller, the ductility is improved, the degradation of stiffness and strength are slow when compared with GDSP concrete composite shear wall. Under reversed cyclic loading, the GDSP concrete composite shear wall exhibits low stiffness degradation characteristics and excellent fatigue resistance. / The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support to the work by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20201436), the Open Foundation of Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Prefabricated Building and Intelligent Construction (2021), the Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Construction System (2018ZD047, 2021ZD06), the Science and Technology Project of Gansu Construction System (JK2021-19), the Science and Technology Cooperation Fund Project of Yangzhou City and Yangzhou University (YZU212105), the Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Yangzhou University (2020-65) and the Blue Project Youth Academic Leader of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province (2020).

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