Studies in recent years have revealed the challenges involved in deploying ERP solutions due to its complexity. Before attempting to implement ERP systems, it is essential to study various aspects such as project management, training, and change management in detail to manage the associated risks. When an ERP project is undertaken with insufficient planning, it may result in failure to integrate business processes and in substantial financial loss. Research has been pursued to identify critical risk/failure factors that may arise during implementation and the measures that should be taken to manage them. However, there is lack of research in identifying the management of critical risk/failure factor using a structured methodology. This raises a question of ‘can a structured methodology identify and manage critical risk/failure factors and support deploying ERP solutions with a better quality?’ A study of Microsoft Sure Step Methodology is performed to identify critical risk/failure factors that frequently occur during ERP implementation. These factors are derived from 8 articles. On determining critical risk/failure factors, we investigated if Sure Step methodology likely contains procedures that approach these factors.

Ce travail de recherche porte sur la diffusion de la stratégie au sein de la banque. En effet, nous avons cherché à déterminer les étapes clés de la mise en évidence d’un processus de diffusion au sein de la banque, de déterminer les freins que peuvent rencontrés les banquiers lors de ce processus et d’évaluer leur impact sur la mise en oeuvre de la stratégie. En effet, la diffusion est le processus par lequel la stratégie est déclinée à travers toute la banque. Or, la compréhension et le soutien qu’accordent les membres de la banque dépendent, entre autres, du processus grâce auquel iles en prennent connaissance. C’est pourquoi, l’étude de la diffusion apparait pertinente. Ainsi, comprendre en profondeur le processus de la diffusion en termes de modalités et de contenus, nous a permis de détecter les éléments qui peuvent freiner le développement d’une représentation stratégique partagée et comprise par l’ensemble de la banque, de la stratégie envisagée, et influencer la qualité de la mise en oeuvre. Notre analyse s’est essentiellement basée sur une démarche abductive qui consiste à procéder par allers retours entre théorie et terrain et qui nous a permis de renforcer la validité de notre cadre conceptuel et de le compléter par les éléments de notre analyse des cas. Au final, nous avons détecté un ensemble de freins à la diffusion de la stratégie au sein de la banque qui sont essentiellement : la sur information, les capacités cognitives, la résistance au changement, la nature de la stratégie et le nombre des niveaux hiérarchiques et dont l’impact le plus marquant est le dérapage de la mise en oeuvre. / This study deals with the communication of strategy within the banking sector. Our aim was to highlight the key steps involved in the communication process of banks, identify the challenges faced by bankers regarding that process and assess their role in the promotion of the strategy. Indeed, communication is the channel through which the strategy will be spread throughout the bank. Yet, the understanding and defense of the strategy by the employees, greatly depends on the way it has been conveyed to them; hence the importance and relevance of communication studies. Thus, a deep understanding of communication processes in terms of form as well as content, allowed us to pinpoint the elements that might prevent the development of a common strategic representation, understood by all, and affect the quality of its implementation. Our study is essentially based on an abductive approach that consists in going back and forth between theory and confirmation on the field. This method allowed us to strengthen the validity of our conceptual framework and supplement it with examples derived from our study case. In the end, we came up with the conclusion that many elements prevent the good circulation of strategy information within a bank. The main ones being: over-information, cognitive capacities, the resistance to change, the nature of the strategy as well as the number of hierarchical levels whose most striking consequence is the failure of implementation.