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The level of service inventory and female offenders : addressing issues of reliability and predictive abilityBrews, Albert Lawson 14 April 2009
The legitimacy of classifying female offenders in the correctional system has been disputed (especially the application of male-normed risk assessment tools), and yet, there is a need to accurately determine the risk of re-offending and the criminogenic needs of the offender along with general and specific issues (i.e., responsivity) that will encourage successful program delivery. The Level of Service Inventory Ontario Revision (LSI-OR; Andrews, Bonta & Wormith, 1995) is an assessment tool used throughout Ontarios probation services and provincial institutions. Although the first edition of the LSI was based primarily on a male sample, later revisions included norms for female offenders based on samples spanning three continents (Blanchette & Brown, 2006). Although its reliability and predictive validity has been demonstrated across many field settings and offender populations, few studies (e.g., Rettinger, 1998) have addressed the question of predictive validity on a sufficiently large sample of female offenders to convince the skeptics of the LSI-ORs applicability to women (Blanchette & Brown).<p>
The current study examined internal consistency, the ability to discriminate recidivists from non-recidivists with t-tests, and the capacity to predict recidivism with correlation and receiver operating characteristic analysis. The sample consisted of 2831 female offenders who were either released from a provincial correctional facility, completed a conditional sentence in the community, or completed a sentence of probation in Ontario during a one year period (2002/2003). Special consideration was given to female offenders from different disposition groups, with different racial backgrounds, with mental health issues and with prior victimization. The LSI-OR had very strong internal consistency and was able to distinguish offenders who committed a re-offence from those who did not commit a re-offence; both when considering the scale as a whole and when considering individual subscales. The LSI OR was also found to predict recidivism for all female offenders. It also predicted recidivism for all subgroups with the exception of female offenders released on a conditional sentence and who had been previously victimized. While the use of the LSI-OR to assess provincial female offenders is supported, however, new risk levels are suggested to increase the predictive ability and reduce the potential for over-classification.
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The level of service inventory and female offenders : addressing issues of reliability and predictive abilityBrews, Albert Lawson 14 April 2009 (has links)
The legitimacy of classifying female offenders in the correctional system has been disputed (especially the application of male-normed risk assessment tools), and yet, there is a need to accurately determine the risk of re-offending and the criminogenic needs of the offender along with general and specific issues (i.e., responsivity) that will encourage successful program delivery. The Level of Service Inventory Ontario Revision (LSI-OR; Andrews, Bonta & Wormith, 1995) is an assessment tool used throughout Ontarios probation services and provincial institutions. Although the first edition of the LSI was based primarily on a male sample, later revisions included norms for female offenders based on samples spanning three continents (Blanchette & Brown, 2006). Although its reliability and predictive validity has been demonstrated across many field settings and offender populations, few studies (e.g., Rettinger, 1998) have addressed the question of predictive validity on a sufficiently large sample of female offenders to convince the skeptics of the LSI-ORs applicability to women (Blanchette & Brown).<p>
The current study examined internal consistency, the ability to discriminate recidivists from non-recidivists with t-tests, and the capacity to predict recidivism with correlation and receiver operating characteristic analysis. The sample consisted of 2831 female offenders who were either released from a provincial correctional facility, completed a conditional sentence in the community, or completed a sentence of probation in Ontario during a one year period (2002/2003). Special consideration was given to female offenders from different disposition groups, with different racial backgrounds, with mental health issues and with prior victimization. The LSI-OR had very strong internal consistency and was able to distinguish offenders who committed a re-offence from those who did not commit a re-offence; both when considering the scale as a whole and when considering individual subscales. The LSI OR was also found to predict recidivism for all female offenders. It also predicted recidivism for all subgroups with the exception of female offenders released on a conditional sentence and who had been previously victimized. While the use of the LSI-OR to assess provincial female offenders is supported, however, new risk levels are suggested to increase the predictive ability and reduce the potential for over-classification.
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Psychopathy, alexithymia and affect in female offendersLouth, Shirley May 11 1900 (has links)
Psychopathy and alexithymia are disorders with many
conceptual similarities. For example, Factor 1
of the
Psychopathy Checklist - Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 1991) contains
items like shallow affect and lack of empathy, which seem to map
on to the construct of alexithymia. Additionally, both
psychopaths and alexithymics display striking differences from
others in their use of language, especially affective language.
The two areas of interest in the present study were (a)
occurrence and co—occurrence of psychopathy and alexithymia in a
sample of female inmates, and (b) the relationship between
affective language and these two disorders.
Psychopathy and alexithymia were assessed in 37 women
offenders incarcerated in a
Burnaby Correctional Centre, using
the PCL-R
and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (
TAS; Taylor, Ryan &
Bagby, 1985). Each subject was presented with a
short written
scenario designed to elicit an emotional response, and asked to
describe the feelings of the characters in the story. Their taped
responses were analyzed for measures of affect.
Base rates of both disorders were comparable to those in
similar samples, (
30% of the inmates were diagnosed as
psychopathic; 33% as alexithymic) but the coxnorbidity rate was
only 8%. There was a
significant correlation between alexithymia
scores and PCL—R
Factor 2
scores —
the factor assessing
antisocial behaviour. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the TAS and PCL-R were both predictive of violence. This
relationship between the PCL-R and violence is well
substantiated; that the TAS also predicts violence is a newer
finding.
Alexithymics spoke more slowly, used fewer total words
overall and fewer affective words, and displayed less emotion in
their voices than did nonalexithymics. Psychopaths could not be
identified by any vocal measures except a slight tendency to
speak faster than nonpsychopaths. Although both disorders are
characterized’ by affective impoverishment, the verbal expressions
of affect were very different in psychopaths and alexithymics.
The psychopaths were adept at convincing raters of an emotional
investment they did not feel; alexithymics could not disguise
their lack of appropriate emotional response.
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The essential structure of the lived experience of women offenders accessing health care in a jail environmentYasunaga, Amy E January 2005 (has links)
Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-118). / Electronic reproduction. / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / x, 118 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm
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The violence situation: a descriptive model of the offence process of assault for male and female offendersChambers, Jemma Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
Previous research concerning violent offending has been fragmented considering different elements of violent offending separately. The aim of this thesis is to consolidate the different areas of previous research into one cohesive model of assault offenders and offences. This model will consider the developmental, cognitive, behavioural and environmental constituents of assault offenders and offences in a temporal framework. Interviews were conducted with 35 male and 13 female offenders who had a conviction for assault. Grounded Theory analysis was used to categorise the data and construct a model of assault including developmental factors, the time preceding the offence, the offence and the time after the offence producing the Pathways Model of Assault (PMA). Initial construction of the PMA was conducted using 25 of the male participant interview transcripts. The PMA was then validated across gender through inclusion of the 13 female participant transcripts. The PMA was also subject to an inter-rater reliability test, which provided high consistency between the coding of two researchers using the final 10 male participant transcripts and 10 randomly chosen female participant transcripts. The PMA consisted of 10 stages where the individual differences of the participants could be mapped, thus providing “pathways” through the model. Five major pathways were found. Further exploration of the PMA through quantitative analyses provided validation of four of the pathways, with significant associations found between two of the offender types and two of the offence types. The offender types reported were under-controlled, representing persistent repeat violent offenders and over-controlled, representing onetime violent offenders. (For complete abstract open document)
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Female verbal crime in Northwest England, c.1590-1675, with special reference to cursing /O'Brien, Karen. January 2000 (has links)
Thesis: Ph.D.-- University of Western Sydney, Macarthur, 2000. / [A thesis presented to the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences]. References: p. 294-306.
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Field-test of a gender-informed security re-classification scale for female offenders /Blanchette, Kelley, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.) - Carleton University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 164-183). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.
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Perceptions of risk and need in the classification and supervision of offenders in the community corrections setting the role of gender /Gould, Laurie A. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2008. / Adviser: Eugene A. Paoline III. Includes bibliographical references (p. 224-249).
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Using family systems theory in the pastoral care of female offendersWhaley, Roy L. January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (D. Min.)--Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, Fort Worth, Tex., 1997. / Includes prospectus. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-113).
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Gender and sentencing an examination of Florida's determinate sentencing policies /Dobbs, Rhonda R. Chiricos, Theodore G. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2004. / Advisor: Dr. Theodore G. Chiricos, Florida State University, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 12, 2005). Includes bibliographical references.
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