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CaracterizaÃÃo e obtenÃÃo de compostos fenÃlicos presentes no efluente do processamento da casca de coco verde. / Characterization and achievement of phenolic compounds present in the effluent from the processing of green coconut shell.Ana Cristina de Abreu Siqueira 04 July 2012 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / The high consumption of green coconut water has generated increasing in the residue caused by improper discard of green coconut rind in Brazilian coast. To reduce this problem, Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry installed a Pilot Unit processing of green coconut rind to obtain fiber and powder, which ends up generating an effluent with high organic load, high sugar and polyphenols content and is called liquid of the rind of green coconut (LCCV). In order to reduce polyphenols and sugar content, alcoholic fermentation was carried out in the effluent, with 5 and 7.5% (w/v) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, another fermentation with 5% (w/v) of S. cerevisiae wich was reused in subsequent fermentations and also polyphenols removal by adsorption using aluminum pillared clay. Phenolic compounds present in LCCV were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, it was possible to identify chlorogenic acid, isomers of caffeoyl shikimic acid, including 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid, which is the major phenolic compound of LCCV and also, ferulic acid. LCCV total polyphenols levels were reduced by fermentation of 7769.1 mg/L to 3808.6 mg/L in the fermentation with 5% (w/v) yeast and 2892.4 mg/L in the fermentation 7,5% (w/v) yeast. In the fermentation with reuse of yeast, the reduction in polyphenols content ranged of 4084.7 to 5853.5 mg/L. The fermentation was efficient in reducing the polyphenols levels, in addition its efficacy to consume the sugars, glucose and fructose, present in LCCV. / O consumo de Ãgua de coco verde tem gerado um aumento nos resÃduos provocado pelo descarte inadequado da casca de coco verde no litoral brasileiro. A fim de minimizar esse problema, a Embrapa AgroindÃstria Tropical instalou uma unidade piloto de beneficiamento da casca de coco verde para obtenÃÃo de fibra e pÃ, o que acaba gerando um efluente com carga orgÃnica elevada, alto teor de aÃÃcar e de polifenÃis e à denominado de lÃquido da casca de coco verde (LCCV). A fim de se reduzir o teor de polifenÃis totais, foi realizada uma fermentaÃÃo alcoÃlica do efluente, com 5 e 7,5% (p/v) de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, com 5% (p/v) de S. cerevisiae que foi reutilizada fermentaÃÃes posteriores, alÃm da remoÃÃo por adsorÃÃo de polifenÃis do LCCV utilizando argila pilarizada de alumÃnio. Os compostos fenÃlicos presentes no LCCV foram caracterizados atravÃs de ressonÃncia magnÃtica nuclear de hidrogÃnio e cromatografia lÃquida acoplada à espectrometria de massa, onde foi possÃvel identificar o Ãcido clorogÃnico, isÃmeros do Ãcido cafeoil chiquÃmico, entre eles o Ãcido 5-O-cafeoil chiquÃmico, que à o composto fenÃlico majoritÃrio do LCCV e Ãcido ferÃlico. A fermentaÃÃo reduziu os teores de polifenÃis totais do LCCV, passando de 7769,1 mg/L a 3808,6 mg/L com a fermentaÃÃo com 5% (p/v) de levedura e para 2892,4 mg/L com a fermentaÃÃo com 7,5% (p/v) de levedura. Para a fermentaÃÃo com reutilizaÃÃo de levedura, a reduÃÃo na concentraÃÃo de polifenÃis variou de 4084,7 a 5853,5 mg/L. A fermentaÃÃo foi eficiente na reduÃÃo dos teores dos polifenÃis e no consumo dos aÃÃcares glicose e frutose presentes no LCCV.
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