Le point de mire de cette étude est le roman La casa de la laguna (1996) de l'auteure portoricaine Rosario Ferré et le contexte socioculturel dans lequel l'œuvre fut créée. Les contextes politiques et littéraires ayant influencé les composantes du roman sont également considérés en plus de concepts littéraires évoqués par de grands théoriciens tels que le roman historique de George Lukacs ainsi que les chronotopes et le dialogisme de Mikhaïl Bakhtine. L'intérêt principal de cette recherche porte sur le rapport entre histoire et fiction qui nous est présenté par un dialogue constant entre l'auteure et les protagonistes de son roman qui, forts d'une voix narrative et d'un espace littéraire propres, participent au dénouement de l'intrigue romanesque vraisemblable. L'hypothèse de ce mémoire est ainsi fondée sur la propension du roman de Rosario Ferré de correspondre à la catégorie littéraire du roman historique, selon les observations qui seront tirées de cette analyse et qui s'appuieront sur la recherche effectuée dans cette perspective.

This dissertation explores the social relations of indebtedness. In this project I read Latinx and Latin American texts not often placed in conversation—Tomás Rivera’s …y no se lo tragó la tierra, Carlos Fuentes’ La Frontera de Cristal, Rosario Ferré’s Maldito Amor, and Angie Cruz’s Let It Rain Coffee—and explore their thematic and formal engagements with debt. I consider the problem of the visibility, representation, and understanding of indebtedness and argue that, to engage with the invisible logic of debt requires engaging the formal logic—the temporal, narratological, and rhetorical features—of the text. Each chapter treats each of these texts as a case study, and analyzes a different historical context and a different form and scale of debt—from the individual and informal in Rivera’s text to the sovereign and neocolonial in Ferré’s. Unlike other scholars who read for representations of high finance, the stock market, and debt relations, I read texts where questions of credit, finance, and the market are represented in subtle ways, attending to how the ideologies that precede debt are negotiated in the intimate spaces of the home and the family. I ask questions like what kind of ideas about the American Dream, family sacrifice, and national progress prop up debt regimes or what ideas about national progress justify sovereign debt to understand the generation and maintenance of an indebted subjectivity, not merely on an institutional and abstract level, but from below. Reading for debt’s logic is not an attempt to expose the latent ideology of the text or how it mimetically reflects reality but rather to show how the text’s critical engagement of related ideologies—those of progress, development, and liberalism—also encode questions related to credit, debt, risk, and loss. The texts I bring together offer a certain comparative, theoretical, and historical value in foregrounding narrative’s ability to generate relationships of debt and expose the literary techniques deployed to conceal debt’s logic. I show how attending to debt in these texts reframe struggles that tend to be thought of in spatial terms—displacement, migration, expropriation, extraction—and help us see them in temporal ones. Unlike engagements of finance and indebtedness that focus on its asocial and alienating qualities, I show how these texts render visible the deeply intimate nature of indebtedness and how debt mechanisms both produce and are produced by social relationships. Throughout the project, I argue that the relations of intimacy—the stories told that produce closeness, the care from which value is extracted for the production of profit, and the relations created between the debtor and the creditor—are the necessary conditions for contemporary debt and finance across the Americas.