Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2006. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Zugl.: Bielefeld, Univ., Diss., 2006

Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 208-222).

Thesis (M.Nurs.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-118). Also available in print.

Abstract The aim of this population-based cohort study was to evaluate prenatal and child outcome and costs resulting from prenatal and neonatal care after in vitro fertilization (IVF) in comparison to those after natural conception using a cohort of 304 IVF exposed children born between 1990–1995 in Northern Finland, and two cohorts of unexposed control children (I: n = 569, representing general population in proportion of multiple births; II: n = 103, matched for plurality). The control children were randomly chosen from the Finnish Medical Birth Register (FMBR) and matched for sex, year of birth, area of residence, parity, maternal age and socioeconomic status. Analyses were performed by comparing the whole IVF population with controls representing general population as well as stratifying by singleton or twin status. IVF mothers carried a higher risk for vaginal bleeding, threatened preterm birth and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy than control mothers, and they used specialized antenatal care more than others. Neonatal outcome was also poorer after IVF in terms of gestational age, birthweight, morbidity and intensive care treatment. The prevalence of congenital heart malformations (septal defects) was 4-fold for IVF children in comparison to controls. The three year follow-up showed delayed growth and increased morbidity for IVF children, but their psychomotor development was similar to that of the control children. Health care costs were 1.3-fold for IVF singletons in comparison to control singletons, but for twins the costs were equal. Multiple births increased the costs ∼3-fold when compared to singleton births. IVF increased the health risks for the pregnancies and the offspring, seen mostly in the comparison between the whole IVF population and controls representing natural proportion of multiple births, indicating that multiple birth is the strongest determinant of medical outcome after IVF. The effects of fertility therapy and maternal characteristics related to infertility cannot be ruled out at this point. The increased health care costs after IVF were mostly due to the high proportion of multiple births. In order to improve the outcomes and to reduce the health care costs after IVF, the amount of multiple births should be limited to a minimum by using single embryo transfer when possible.

No description available.

Early mouse (n = 501) and bovine (d = 6; n = 172) embryos were obtained to evaluate the effect of a deproteinized hemodialysate (CLBl 107) on embryo development in vitro. Bovine morulae also were cultured to examine the effect of agar embedding and the environment of immature mouse uteri on embryo development. Mouse embryos were cultured for up to 96 h in M2 medium or M2 supplemented with CLBl 107. One-and two-cell embryos did not develop beyond the two-cell stage in vitro. Degeneration of one-cell embryos occurred within 36 h. Two-cell embryos degenerated sooner when cultured in M2 plus I% CLB 1107 (27.4 ± 2.5 h) than in M2 alone (41.7 ± 3.0 h). Mean final development classification of embryos cultured from the morula stage (6) in M2 supplemented with CLBI 107 was higher (9.0 ± 2) than that for morulae (8.2 ± 1) cultured in unsupplemented M2 medium. Development of embryos cultured from the blastocyst (8) or expanded blastocyst (9) stages was not affected by treatment. Agar embedded bovine embryos were cultured in Ham's F-10 and 10% steer serum either 1) immediately after collection or 2) 24 h after storage in immature mouse uteri. Non-embedded embryos were cultured in Ham's F-10 containing 3) 10% steer serum, 4) 1% CLB 1107 or 5) 1% CLB 1107 and 10% steer serum. A greater percentage of the embryos reached the hatched blastocyst stage after culture in treatments 1, 3, 4, and 5 (38.1%, 34.6%, 28.6% and 21.1%) than embryos stored in immature mouse uteri for 24 h prior to in vitro culture (9.5%). Mean final development scores for non-embedded and agar embedded embryos cultured in Ham's F-10 and 10% steer serum were not different (5.46 ± .34 and 4.89 ± .44), but were higher than embryos cultured in CLB 1107 (4.19 ± .39), CLBl 107 and steer serum (4.22 ± .44) or immature mouse uteri (3.39 ± .43). Medium supplemented with CLB 1107 did not support mouse embryo development beyond the 2-cell stage nor did it enhance bovine embryo development. However, it appeared to enhance development of mouse morulae in vitro. Additionally, bovine morulae were not affected by agar embedding in vitro and they were able to develop following short term storage in the immature mouse uterus. / M.S.

No abstract available. / Thesis (LL.M.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.