Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1998. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1998. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Includes bibliography. / The aim of this thesis was to investigate the feasibility of using the shape of the umbilical flow waveform, obtained clinically with Doppler ultrasound, to monitor the condition growth impaired foetuses. This aim was addressed via the following . 1. Survey the literature to obtain information regarding : a) the foetal blood flow distribution for normal foetuses. b) the effect of placental pathology and maternal hyperoxygenation in compromised foetuses. 2. Model the foetal circulation to investigate the effect, on the umbilical flow waveform, of physiological changes resulting from placental insufficiency. 3. Perform a theoretical and practical assessment of Doppler ultrasound by considering its suitability in monitoring foetal condition, through alterations in the umbilical blood flow waveform shape. 4. Clinically gather and analyse umbilical blood flow waveforms from foetuses currently on a trial to investigate appropriate protocols for the assessment of maternal hyperoxygenation.

Wong, Shun-yun. / Thesis (M.Sc.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Bibliography: leaves 76-79.

Yiu Kwan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-117). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.1 / Chinese abstract --- p.4 / Acknowledgment --- p.5 / Abbreviations --- p.7 / Content --- p.9 / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.11 / Chapter II. --- Literature Review --- p.14 / Chapter II. 1. --- Basic concepts --- p.14 / Chapter II.2. --- Clinical aspects of enzymology --- p.17 / Chapter II.3. --- Changes fetal enzymes in neonate --- p.34 / Chapter III. --- Materials and Methods --- p.48 / Chapter III. 1. --- Study population --- p.48 / Chapter III.2. --- Sample collection and storage --- p.49 / Chapter III.3. --- Determination of cardiac and hepatic enzymes in plasma --- p.51 / Chapter III.4. --- Data handling and statistical analysis --- p.67 / Chapter IV. --- Results --- p.68 / Chapter IV.1. --- Study population --- p.68 / Chapter IV.2. --- Enzyme reference values in cord blood --- p.72 / Chapter IV.3. --- Changes in fetal enzymes in relation to acid-base status at birth --- p.78 / Chapter IV. 4. --- Changes fetal enzymes in relation with other obstetric events --- p.80 / Chapter IV.5. --- Variables related to fetal enzymes levels --- p.85 / Chapter V. --- Discussion --- p.93 / Chapter V. 1. --- Reference value for cardiac and liver enzymes in cord blood for current study population --- p.93 / Chapter V.2. --- Changes fetal enzymes in relation to fetal acid-base status --- p.95 / Chapter V.3. --- Changes in fetal enzymes in relation with other obstetric variables --- p.99 / Chapter V.4. --- Analysis of inter-relationships between obstetric variables and fetal enzymes --- p.102 / Reference --- p.106

Lam Audrey Carmen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 166-195). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.vi / Publications --- p.vii / Abbreviations --- p.x / Abstract --- p.xiii / Chapter Chapter One - --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Section 1.1 --- Hematopoietic Stem Cells --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Hematopoiesis --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells --- p.1 / Chapter Section 1.2 --- Stem Cell Transplantation --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Stem Cell Transplantation --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Sources of Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Transplantation --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Cord Blood as a Source of Hematopoietic Stem Cells --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.3.1 --- Advantages of Cord Blood Transplant --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.3.2 --- Disadvantages of Cord Blood Transplant --- p.7 / Chapter Section 1.3 --- Ex Vivo Expansion --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Optimization of Expansion Conditions --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.1.1 --- CD34+ Cell Selection --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.1.2 --- Cytokines --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.1.2.1 --- Thrombopoietin --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3.1.2.2 --- Stem Cell Factor --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.1.2.3 --- Flt-3 Ligand --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.1.2.4 --- Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.1.2.5 --- Interleukin-3 --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.1.2.6 --- Interleukin-6 --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3.1.2.7 --- Comparison of Flt-3 Ligand and Stem Cell Factor --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.1.3 --- Culture Medium --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Mannose-Binding Lectin --- p.22 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Ex Vivo Expansion for Clinical Transplantation --- p.23 / Chapter Section 1.4 --- Non-Obese Diabetic/Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mouse Transplantation Model --- p.29 / Chapter Chapter Two - --- Objectives --- p.32 / Chapter Chapter Three - --- Materials and Methodology --- p.34 / Chapter Section 3.1 --- Collection of Cord Blood Samples / Chapter Section 3.2 --- Cryopreservation and Thawing of Cord Blood --- p.34 / Chapter Section 3.3 --- Enrichment of CD34+ Cells --- p.35 / Chapter Section 3.4 --- Ex Vivo Expansion --- p.38 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Effects of Flt-3 Ligand and stem Cell Factor on the Expansion of Megakaryocytic Progenitor Cells --- p.39 / Chapter 3.4.1.1 --- Ex Vivo Expansion of Cord Blood CD34+ Cells with Flt-3 Ligand or Stem Cell Factor --- p.39 / Chapter 3.4.1.2 --- Flt-3 Receptor Assay --- p.40 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Effects of Mannose-Binding Lectin on the Ex Vivo Expansion of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells --- p.41 / Chapter 3.4.2.1 --- Ex Vivo Expansion of Cord Blood CD34+ Cells with Mannose-Binding Lectin --- p.41 / Chapter 3.4.2.2 --- Effects of Mannose-Binding Lectin on the Preservation of Early Stem and Progenitor Cells --- p.41 / Chapter 3.4.2.3 --- Transplantation of Expanded Cells into NOD/SCID Mice --- p.42 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- "Optimization of Culture Duration, Culture Media, Autologous Plasma and Cytokine Combinations for the Preclinical Ex Vivo Expansion of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells" --- p.42 / Chapter 3.4.3.1 --- "Comparison of Culture Duration, Culture Media and Cytokine Combinations" --- p.42 / Chapter 3.4.3.2 --- Effects of Autologous Cord Blood Plasma --- p.43 / Chapter 3.4.3.3 --- Effects of Flt-3 Ligand and Dosage of Thrombopoietin and Stem Cell Factor --- p.43 / Chapter 3.4.3.4 --- Transplantation of Expanded Cells into NOD/SCID Mice --- p.44 / Chapter Section 3.5 --- Progenitor Colony-Forming Assays --- p.44 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Colony-Forming Unit Assay --- p.44 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Colony Forming Unit Megakaryocyte --- p.46 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Calculations of CFU --- p.46 / Chapter Section 3.6 --- Flow Cytometry Analysis --- p.47 / Chapter Section 3.7 --- Transplantation of Non-Obese Diabetic/Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice --- p.48 / Chapter Section 3.8 --- Assessment of Human Cell Engraftment in Transplanted NOD/SCID Mice --- p.49 / Chapter 3.8.1 --- Flow Cytometry Analysis --- p.49 / Chapter 3.8.2 --- PCR Analysis --- p.50 / Chapter Section 3.9 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.52 / Chapter Chapter Four - --- Effects of Flt-3 Ligand and Stem Cell Factor on the Expansion of Megakaryocytic Progenitor Cells --- p.53 / Chapter Section 4.1 --- Results --- p.53 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Ex Vivo Expansion of CD34+ Cells --- p.53 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Identification of Flt-3 Receptors --- p.55 / Chapter Section 4.2 --- Discussion --- p.55 / Chapter Chapter Five- --- Effects of Mannose-Binding Lectin on the Ex Vivo Expansion of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells --- p.68 / Chapter Section 5.1 --- Results --- p.68 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Ex Vivo Expansion of CD34+ Cells with Mannose-Binding Lectin --- p.68 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Effects of Mannose-Binding Lectin on the Preservation of Early Stem and Progenitor Cells --- p.72 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Transplantation of Expanded Cells into NOD/SCID Mice --- p.75 / Chapter Section 5.2 --- Discussion --- p.76 / Chapter Chapter Six - --- "Optimization of Culture Duration, Culture Media, Autologous Plasma and Cytokine Combinations for the Preclinical Ex Vivo Expansion of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells" --- p.111 / Chapter Section 6.1 --- Results --- p.111 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Kinetics of Expansion --- p.111 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Assessment of Culture Media --- p.113 / Chapter 6.1.3 --- Effects of Autologous Cord Blood Plasma --- p.115 / Chapter 6.1.4 --- Effects of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor --- p.117 / Chapter 6.1.5 --- Effects of Interleukin-6 --- p.118 / Chapter 6.1.6 --- Effects of Increased Dosage of Thrombopoietin and Stem Cell Factor --- p.119 / Chapter 6.1.7 --- Effects of Flt-3 Ligand --- p.120 / Chapter 6.1.8 --- Transplantation of Expanded Cells into NOD/SCID Mice --- p.121 / Chapter Section 6.2 --- Discussion --- p.123 / Chapter Chapter Seven- --- General Discussion and Conclusion --- p.163 / Bibliography --- p.166

Thesis (M.Sc. (Tropical Medicine))--Mahidol University, 1978.

Homing of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) to their bone marrow (BM) niches is crucial to clinical stem cell transplantation. However, the molecular mechanism controlling this process remains not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to explore novel regulators of HSC homing through investigating downstream signals and effector molecules of the stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 axis. We further characterized specific functions of targeted regulators by in vitro and in vivo migration/homing assays on human cord blood (CB) CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. / In summary, we have provided the first transcriptome profile of CB CD34 + cells downstream of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. We also reported the first evidence that HSC homing was regulated by the tetraspanin CD9. By comparing the homing-related responses of CD34+ to SDF-1 and CTCE-0214, we identified RGS13 as another potential regulator of HSC homing. It is anticipated that strategies for modulating the expressions and functions of CD9 and RGS13 might improve HSC homing to their hematopoietic niches. / To investigate the transcriptional regulation provided by the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis, we performed the first differential transcriptome profiling of human CB CD34+ cells in response to a short-term exposure of SDF-1, and identified a panel of genes with putative homing functions. We demonstrated that CD9, a member of the tetraspanin family proteins, was expressed in CD34 +CD38-/lo and CD34+CD38+ cells. CD9 levels were enhanced by SDF-1, which simultaneously downregulated CXCR4 membrane expression. Using specific inhibitors and activators, we demonstrated that CD9 expressions were modulated via the CXCR4, G-protein, PKC, PLC, ERK and JAK2 signals. Pretreatment of CD34+ cells with anti-CD9 mAb ALB6 significantly inhibited SDF-1-mediated transendothelial migration and calcium mobilization, whereas adhesion to fibronectin and endothelial cells were enhanced. Infusion of CD34+ cells pretreated with ALB6 significantly impaired their homing to bone marrow and spleen of sublethally irradiated NOD/SCID mice. There also appeared a preferential homing/retaining of untreated CD34+CD9+ cells to these niches. Our results indicate that CD9, as a downstream member of SDF-1/CXCR4 signals might possess specific and important functions in HSC homing. / We first investigated the effects of SDF-1 and its analog, CTCE-0214 (a small cyclized peptide analog of the SDF-1 terminal regions), on homing-related properties (chemotaxis, transwell migration, adhesion and actin polymerization) of CB CD34+ cells. Our results demonstrated that both SDF-1 and CTCE-0214 induced a robust actin polymerization response and improved adhesion of CD34+ cells to fibronectin. Unlike SDF-1, CTCE-0214 did not induce a chemotactic response when added to the lower chamber of the transwell system. Addition of CTCE-0214 to the upper chamber significantly improved migration of CD34+ cells to a SDF-1 gradient, but there was no preferential enhancement in the migration of specific colony-forming unit (CFU) progenitors or the more primitive CD34+CD38 -/lo subpopulation. Pre-exposure of CD34+ cells to CTCE-0214 for 4 hours promoted cell migration, whereas SDF-1 pretreatment retarded migration. To dissect the molecular mechanisms leading to the observed functional differences mediated by SDF-1 and CTCE-0214, we investigated whether the two compounds differentially regulated the expression of several known regulators of HSC migration. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the cell surface expression of CD26, CD44, CD49d, CD49e and CD164 was not changed by either compounds. Exposure to SDF-1, but not CTCE-0214, decreased membrane expression of CXCR4 on CD34+ cells. Addition of CTCE-0214 to the upper chamber inhibited the SDF-1-induced CXCR4 downregulation in both migrated and non-migrated cell population in the transwell setting. Notably, SDF-1 and CTCE-0214 had an opposite effect on the expression level of regulator of G-protein signaling 13 (RGS13), a negative regulator of chemokine-induced responses. Treatment of CD34+ with SDF-1 for 4 hours resulted in a significant increase in RGS13 expression, whereas CTCE-0214 induced a time-dependent decrease in RGS13 expression. Our results provide the first evidence that SDF-1 and CTCE-0214 differentially regulate migration of CD34 + cells, and we speculate that this might be attributed to their differential regulation of CXCR4 and RGS13 expression. / Leung, Kam Tong. / Adviser: Karen Kwai Har Li. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-06, Section: B, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-167). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

Fong, Oi Ning. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 170-195). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.vi / Contents --- p.viii / List of Abbreviations --- p.xii / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Bacterial Infection in Neonates --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacterial Cell Wall --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Gram-negative Bacterial Cell Wall Component - Lipopolysaccharide --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Gram-positive Bacterial Cell Wall Component - Peptidoglycan --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Differential Host Response against Gram-specific Bacterial Infection --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- Role of Neutrophils in Host Defense against Bacterial Infection --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Recognition of Bacterial Components --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Neutrophil Functions --- p.10 / Chapter 1.5 --- Expression Profiling of Activated Neonatal Neutrophils --- p.15 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- Objectives --- p.26 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- Materials and Methodology --- p.27 / Chapter 3.1 --- Overview of the Experimental Procedure --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2 --- Cord Blood Sample Collection --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3 --- Cord Blood Neutrophil Isolation --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Isolation of Neutrophils --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Analysis of Neutrophil Purity by Flow Cytometry --- p.31 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Cell Viability Test by Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay --- p.31 / Chapter 3.4 --- In Vitro Stimulation of Neutrophils by LPS or PGN --- p.33 / Chapter 3.5 --- Total RNA and Protein Isolation --- p.34 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Total RNA Isolation --- p.34 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Protein Isolation --- p.35 / Chapter 3.6 --- Preparation of Total RNA Samples for Expression Profiling and Quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- DNase Treatment --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Total RNA Cleanup --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Purity Assessment of the Purified Total RNA Sample --- p.38 / Chapter 3.6.4 --- Integrity Assessment of the Purified Total RNA Sample --- p.39 / Chapter 3.6.5 --- Assessment of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) mRNA Expression Level in Neutrophils --- p.42 / Chapter 3.7 --- Determination of the PGN Concentration for Neutrophil Activation --- p.43 / Chapter 3.8 --- "Expression Profiling of the LPS, PGN Stimulated or Unstimulated CB Neutrophils" --- p.44 / Chapter 3.8.1 --- cRNA Preparation and Array Hybridization --- p.44 / Chapter 3.8.2 --- Expression Profiling Data Analysis --- p.46 / Chapter 3.9 --- Validation of Candidate Genes Using qPCR --- p.48 / Chapter 3.10 --- Gram-Negative Bacterial Endotoxin Assay --- p.50 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- LPS Stimulation Induced Transcriptional Changes in Cord Blood Neutrophils --- p.61 / Chapter 4.1 --- Result --- p.61 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Gene Expression Profile of CB Neutrophils in Response to LPS Stimulation --- p.61 / Chapter 4.1.1.1 --- Up-regulated Genes in LPS-stimulated CB Neutrophils --- p.61 / Chapter 4.1.1.2 --- Down-regulated Genes in LPS-stimulated CB Neutrophils --- p.62 / Chapter 4.1.1.3 --- Network Analysis of Genes Induced by LPS Stimulation --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2 --- Discussion --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Robust Transcriptional Response in CB Neutrophils --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- LPS Modulated Transcriptional Responses --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- LPS-induced NF-kB Pathway --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- LPS-induced Expression of Various Transcription Factors --- p.66 / Chapter 4.2.2.3 --- LPS-induced Regulation of Apoptosis --- p.67 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- PGN Stimulation Induced Transcriptional Changes in Cord Blood Neutrophils --- p.83 / Chapter 5.1 --- Result --- p.83 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Gene Expression Profile of PGN-stimulated CB Neutrophils --- p.83 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Up-regulated Genes in PGN-stimulated CB Neutrophils --- p.83 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Down-regulated Genes in PGN-stimulated CB Neutrophils --- p.84 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Network Analysis of Genes Induced by PGN Stimulation --- p.84 / Chapter 5.2 --- Discussion --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Robust Transcriptional Response in CB Neutrophils --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- PGN Modulated Transcriptional Responses --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2.2.1 --- PGN-induced NF-kB Pathway --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2.2.2 --- Possible Role of STAT3 in PGN-stimulated CB Neutrophil --- p.89 / Chapter 5.2.2.3 --- Possible Role of c-Jun in PGN-stimulated CB Neutrophil --- p.90 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX --- Comparison and Validation of LPS- and PGN-activated Transcriptomes in Cord Blood Neutrophils --- p.106 / Chapter 6.1 --- Result --- p.106 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Comparison of the Transcriptional Changes of LPS- and PGN- stimulated CB Neutrophils --- p.106 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Common Transcriptional Changes of LPS- and PGN-Stimulated CB Neutrophils --- p.106 / Chapter 6.1.2.1 --- Commonly Up-regulated Genes in LPS- and PGN- Stimulated Neutrophils --- p.107 / Chapter 6.1.2.2 --- Commonly Down-regulated Genes in LPS- and PGN- Stimulated Neutrophils --- p.107 / Chapter 6.1.2.3 --- Network Analysis of Genes Commonly Regulated by LPS and PGN --- p.108 / Chapter 6.1.3 --- Differential Transcriptional Changes of LPS- and PGN- Stimulated CB Neutrophils --- p.108 / Chapter 6.1.4 --- Real Time qPCR Validation of the Expression Levels of Selected Genes --- p.109 / Chapter 6.1.5 --- Expression Changes of the Confirmed Target Genes in Response to High-dose LPS Stimulation --- p.110 / Chapter 6.2 --- Discussion --- p.111 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Activation of NF-kB and Related Genes by Both LPS- and PGN-stimulation in CB Neutrophils --- p.111 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Commonly Expressed Genes - Transcription Factor MAFF --- p.112 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Commonly Expressed Genes - Novel Gene G0S2 --- p.113 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Suspected Commonly Expressed Genes - Transcription Factor NR4A3 --- p.114 / Chapter 6.2.5 --- Differentially Expressed Genes - Heat Shock Proteins --- p.115 / Chapter 6.2.6 --- Differentially Expressed Genes 226}0ؤ AP-1 Transcription Factor Complex --- p.118 / Chapter 6.2.7 --- Other Differentially Expressed Genes --- p.121 / Chapter CHAPTER SEVEN --- General Discussion and Conclusion --- p.164 / Bibliography --- p.168

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Lund, 1995. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.