Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NelsonRD_DISSERT.pdf: 6410040 bytes, checksum: b984ed383486a723e2f3e4c87e50d6c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-20 / This research work is based, in search of reinforcement s vegetable alternative to polymer composites. The idealization of making a hybrid composite reinforced with vegetable fibers licuri with synthetic fibers is a pioneer in this area. Thus was conceived a hybrid composite laminate consisting of 05 (five) layers being 03 (three) webs of synthetic fibers of glass and E-02 (two) unidirectional fabrics of vegetable fibers licuri. In the configuration of the laminate layers have alternating distribution. The composite laminate was manufactured in Tecniplas Commerce & Industry LTD, in the form of a card through the manufacturing process of hand lay up. Licuri fibers used in making the foil were the City of Mare Island in the state of Bahia. After cooking and the idealization of the hybrid composite laminate, the objective of this research work has focused on evaluating the performance of the mechanical properties (ultimate strength, stiffness and elongation at break) through uniaxial tensile tests and three point bending. Comparative studies of the mechanical properties and as well as among other types of laminated hybrid composites studied previously, were performed. Promising results were found with respect to the mechanical properties of strength and stiffness to the hybridization process idealized here. To complement the entire study were analyzed in terms of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the fracture for all tests. / O presente trabalho de investiga??o baseia-se na busca de refor?os vegetais alternativos aos comp?sitos polim?ricos. A idealiza??o de confeccionar um comp?sito h?brido com refor?o de fibras vegetais de licuri com as fibras sint?ticas ? pioneira nessa ?rea. Para tanto foi idealizado um laminado comp?sito hibrido constitu?do de 05 (cinco) camadas sendo 03 (tr?s) de mantas de fibras sint?ticas de vidro-E e 02 (duas) de tecidos unidirecionais de fibras vegetais de licuri. Na configura??o do laminado as camadas possuem distribui??o alternada. O laminado comp?sito foi fabricado, industrialmente, na forma de uma placa, atrav?s do processo de fabrica??o de lamina??o manual (hand lay up). As fibras de licuri utilizadas para a confec??o do laminado foram da cidade de Ilha de Mar? no estado da Bahia. Ap?s a idealiza??o e confec??o do laminado comp?sito h?brido, o objetivo desse trabalho de investiga??o se concentrou em avaliar o desempenho das propriedades mec?nicas (resist?ncia ?ltima, rigidez e deforma??o na ruptura), atrav?s dos ensaios de tra??o uniaxial e flex?o de tr?s pontos. Estudos comparativos entre as propriedades mec?nicas obtidas, bem como entre outros tipos de laminados comp?sitos h?bridos j? estudados, foram realizados. Resultados promissores foram encontrados com rela??o ?s propriedades mec?nicas de resist?ncia e rigidez para esse processo de hibridiza??o aqui idealizado. Para complementa??o de todo o estudo foram realizadas an?lises macrosc?picas e microsc?picas das caracter?sticas da fratura para todos os ensaios.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:07:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElvioAG_TESE.pdf: 3444604 bytes, checksum: d60cf497e4c263de969e02bb2eefe56f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This research was motivated by the requirement of asbestos s replacement in building systems and the need to generate jobs and income in the country side of the state of Bahia, Brazil. The project aimed at using fibers from licuri leaves (syagrus coronata), an abundant palm in the region, to produce composites appropriate for the sustainable production of cement fibre reinforced products in small plants. The composites were produced in laboratory using Portland cement CP-II-F32, sand, water, licuri palm fiber contents of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% by weight of binder (two different fiber length) and metakaolin. The latter was chosen as an additional binder for its efficiency to reduce the alkalinity of cementitious matrixes therefore preventing the degradation of vegetable fibers. The characterization of the composite components was carried out by sieving and laser particle size analyses, thermal analysis, fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. The composites performance was evaluated by 3- point-bending tests, compressive strength, ultrasound module of elasticity, free and restrained shrinkage, water capillarity absorption and apparent specific gravity. It has been found that the addition of fibers increased the time to onset of cracking over 200.00% and a 25% reduction in cracks opening in the restrained shrinkage test. The capillary absorption reduced about 25% when compared to fiber-free composites. It was also observed with regard to flexural strength, compressive strength and specific gravity, that the addiction of fibers did not affect the composite performance presenting similar results for compounds with and without fibers. In general it can be stated that the reinforced composite fibers of palm licuri presents physical and mechanical characteristics which enable them to be used in the intended proposals of this research / A exig?ncia da substitui??o do amianto em sistemas construtivos em conjunto com a necessidade de gera??o de renda no sert?o da Bahia fez nascer o projeto do aproveitamento da fibra da palma do licuri (syagrus coronata), palmeira abundante na regi?o, na produ??o de comp?sitos para a fabrica??o artefatos de cimento refor?ados com fibras para a constru??o civil de maneira sustent?vel, em pequenas unidades fabris. Os comp?sitos foram produzidos em laborat?rio utilizando cimento Portland CP II-F32, areia, ?gua, metacaulinita e fibra da palma do licuri. As fibras foram adicionadas em teores de 1,0, 1,5 e 2,0% da massa do aglomerante e com dois comprimentos de fibra diferentes. A metacaulinita foi selecionada como aglomerante suplementar de forma a agir na redu??o da alcalinidade da matriz ciment?cia na perspectiva de diminuir ou at? mesmo eliminar a degrada??o das fibras vegetais em meio alcalino. Foram realizados ensaios de caracteriza??o dos componentes do comp?sito, incluindo granulometria, an?lise t?rmica, fluoresc?ncia e difratometria de Raios-X. A verifica??o do desempenho dos comp?sitos foi feita com ensaios de flex?o em tr?s pontos, resist?ncia ? compress?o axial, m?dulo de elasticidade por ultrassom, retra??o livre e restringida, absor??o de ?gua por capilaridade e massa espec?fica aparente. Verificou-se que a presen?a das fibras de licuri aumentou o tempo para o surgimento da fissura??o acima de 200,00% e redu??o de 25% na abertura das fissuras no ensaio de retra??o restringida. Com rela??o ? absor??o capilar ocorreu uma redu??o de 25%, quando comparados com os materiais sem fibras. Observou-se que, com rela??o ? resist?ncia a flex?o, compress?o axial e massa espec?fica aparente, a adi??o de fibras n?o afeta o desempenho dos materiais, apresentando resultados similares para materiais com e sem fibras. De uma maneira geral pode-se afirmar que os comp?sitos refor?ados com fibras da palma do licuri apresentam caracter?sticas f?sicas e mec?nicas que viabilizam sua aplica??o dentro das condi??es estabelecidas neste trabalho