No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

published_or_final_version / English Studies and Comparative Literature / Master / Master of Philosophy

The aim of this research is to investigate the nature and development of the detective narrative in Northern Sotho from its beginnings in the 1960s up to its present level in the 1990s. . Due to the peculiarities of each text under study, different literary approaches, viz. Marxism, Feminism and lntertextuality have been utilized in an attempt at getting the best out of each text. The basic requirements of a detective narrative as legislated by the Detective Club in Britain and Ronald Knox have been used as a scale on which to weigh this product in Northern Sotho. The study investigates also how the detective narrative in Northern Sotho reflects the social history of the society out of which it originates. The differences in the texts of the 1970s with those of the 1990s is highlighted and the accurate way in which they are mirrors of the socio-political developments is revealed. The study finally reveals the achievements and failures of writers of this genre in Northern Sotho. Different areas which need research by future scholars are suggested. By way of conclusion the most important observation made is the need of being guided by a text under discussion whenever a literary approach is to be chosen. Also, more of vmodern literary approaches need to be experimented on in relation with African literature written in indigenous African languages so as to assist in finally deciding upon the need of a home-brewed approach. / African Languages / D.Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

The main objective of this study is to explore the literariness in JRL Rafapa's novels published between 1979-1991. This study was prompted by views of literary scholars who claim that post-0.K. Matsepe writers such as Rafapa were all influenced by Matsepe's writings to such an extent that they actually emulate his themes, settings, characters, plots and so on. This kind of emulation is said to have put the Northern Sotho Novel in a cul-de-sac. The modus operandi in this study is as follows: Chapter one deals with the aim of study, critical comments on the post-Matsepe writers, biographical sketch on Rafapa, literary approaches and method as well as the scope. The second chapter concentrates on the relationship between the writer and characters as his creations. It also deals with conventional character stereotypes such as the hero, the opponent and the supporter. Narrative strategies such as self-display or exteriorization, the narrative voice and the creation of an autobiographical narrative are also looked into. Chapter three explores Rafapa's themes. The main themes discussed are: social decay, madness and vengeance, as well as protest and conflict. We conclude the chapter by examining Rafapa's titles. Chapter four focuses closely on "place" and "time" in Rafapa's novels. The two mentioned aspects of setting are discussed separately according to: place as a space of action and place as acting space. convoluted time and chronological time. The chapter ends with a brief discussion of the functions of setting. Rafapa's idiolect is dealt with in chapter five. Here, we consider the word as the writer's main tool of communication. The use of words in different types of sentences as well as in various types of paragraphs come into focus. Chapter six looks into Rafapa's use of non-prose forms such as the interior monologue, the dialogue and the praise poems as the writer's means of extending meaning. Chapter seven is the recapitulation of the main findings in the thesis. It also touches on aspects which may form bases for future research. It is followed by a bibliography and an Appendix. / African Languages / D.Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

Thesis (D.Litt. et Phil.)--University of South Africa, 1999.

Thesis (D.Litt. et Phil.)--University of South Africa, 2002.

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the portrayal of women characters in two postcolonial Zulu novels: Asikho ndawo bakithi (1996) and Itshwe/e lempangele (1998). The study is approached from a feminist theoretical framework and focuses on gender and culture. The study concentrates on patriarchal relations because they are most widely used as the foundation for a specifically feminist investigation of sexual relations. The study examines two postcolonial novels with the objective to establish how the writers portray women characters after the introduction of the 1994 democratic dispensation in South Africa. In the past, women characters were portrayed as stereotypes: they were either too bad or too good in line with the dictates of the patriarchal society where women are expected to take a subservient role, and men to assume the dominant role. This has made the character of women in fiction exaggerated and one-dimensional in the sense that the women characters do not develop, nor do they behave in various respects like normal human beings. The women characters are often victims of several circumstances caused by patriarchy and other socio-economic factors. The aim of analisying the two novels is to compare them and observe how women, as literary characters are portrayed. The study found that in Asikho ndawo bakithi women characters are portrayed as normal women who respond appropriately to the challenges of their environment. Yet the fact that they live in abject poverty and are homeless, make them victims of the social ills that take their lives cheap. This situation creates tremendous stress and pressure on their lives and leads to gradual moral degradation beyond their control. Itshwele lempangele can be viewed as a post-apartheid novel because it has democritised images of women characters. For example, Ndelebuli teaches his father, Sonqisha that he should never beat up his mother whenever they have problem. Ndelebuli thus becomes an epitome of a young man who treats maidens and married women with dignity, respect and tolerance in the novel. Another issue addressed in the novel is that the women characters portrayed belong to multicultural environments and the exemplary marriages are crosscultural. Of the two novels, Itshwele lempangele presents images of liberated women whereas in Asikho ndawo bakithi, women characters are portrayed as victims of the legacy of the social ills of the apartheid era. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die uitbeelding van vroue in twee post-koloniale novelles in Zulu: Asikho ndawo bakithi (1996) en Itshwe/e lempange/e (1998). Die studie word benader vanuit 'n feministiese toeretiese raamwerk en fokus op gender en kultuuraspekte soos gemanifesteer in die novelles. Die studie fokus op patriargale verhoudinge omdat dit mees algemeen gebruik word as basis vir 'n spesifiek-feministiese ondersoek van seksuele verhoudinge. Die studie ondersoek twee postkoloniale novelles met die doel om vas te stel hoe die skrywers vroue-karakters voorstel na die invoer van die demokratiese bestel in 1994 in Suid-Afrika. In die verlede is vrouekarakters uitgebeeld as stereotipes: hulle was of net positief of net negatief uitgebeeld, in Iyn met die patriargale gemeenskap waarin van vroue verwag is om In onderdanige rol te he, en van mans verwag is om In dominante rol te he. Dit het die karakters van vroue in fiksie een-dimensioneel gemaak in die sin dat vrouekarakters nie ontwikkel nie en dat hulle in verskeie opsigte nie optree soos normale mense nie. Die vrouekarakters was dikwels slagoffers van verskillende omstandighede wat toegeskryf kan word aan patriargie en sosio-ekonomiese faktore. Die doelstelling met die analise van die twee novelles is om hulle te vergelyk en vas te stel hoe vroue as llterere karakters uitgebeeld word. Daar is bevind in die studie dat in Asikho ndawo bakithi vrouekarakters as normale vroue uitgebeeld word wat gepas reageer op die uitdagings van die omgewing. Nietemin veroorsaak die feit dat vroue in uiterste armoede leef en dikwels nie huise het nie, dat hulle slagoffers word van sosiale euwels wat hulle lewens goedkoop maak. Hierdie toestand veroorsaak groot spanning en druk op hulle lewens en dit lei tot morele agteruitgang buite hulle beheer. Itshwe/e lempange/e kan beskou word as In post-apartheid novelle omdat dit die beeld van vroue gedemokratiseer het. Die karakter Ndelebuli leer byvoorbeeld vir sy vader dat hy nooit sy moeder moet slaan nie, watter probleem hulle ookal mag he. Ndelebuli word die toonbeeld in die novelle van hoe jong meisies en vroue met respek en waardigheid behandel moet word. In Verdere verskynsel wat aangespreek word in die novelle is dat die vrouekarakters wat uitgebeeld word vanuit multikulturele omgewings kom en dat goeie voorbeelde van huwelike kruiskultureel is. Itshwele lempangele bied In uitbeelding van bevryde vroue, terwyl Asikho ndawo bakithi vroue uitbeeld as slagoffers van die nalatenskap van die sosiale euwels van apartheid.

published_or_final_version / Chinese / Master / Master of Arts