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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Modelos lineares generalizados aplicados à filariose bancroftiana

PEREIRA, Fábio Cavalcanti 22 February 2006 (has links)
Submitted by (ana.araujo@ufrpe.br) on 2016-07-05T18:07:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabio Cavalcanti Pereira.pdf: 280467 bytes, checksum: 8086a624ad0323f2488ae7dfba5c17d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-05T18:07:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabio Cavalcanti Pereira.pdf: 280467 bytes, checksum: 8086a624ad0323f2488ae7dfba5c17d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Bancroftian filariasis is a major public health problem in the tropics with 100 millions of people infected. It is a vector born infection and it is cause by Wuchereria bancrofti a parasite that lives in the human lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes affecting all ages and gender. The basic damage of the lymphatic system is lymphangiectasia which leads to lymphatic dysfunction producing lymphedema (elephantiasis), hydroecele and fistulization syndromes (chyluria, chylocele and lymph scrotum). The aim of this investigation was to study the relationship between the risk of developing fistulation syndrome and several parameters, such a amount of fat on the diet of patients assisted at Center for Teaching, Research and Tertiary Referral for bancroftian filariasis (NEPAF - Federal University of Pernambuco) in Recife, Brazil. The present study was carried out using the generalized linear models (GLMs) for the fitting of logistic model with the statistic program S-PLUS. / A Filariose Bancroftiana, ocorre como um dos maiores problemas de saúde púbica nos trópicos e afeta cerca de 100 milhões de indivíduos. Ë transmitida por um mosquito e causada pela Wuchereria bancrofti que vive nos vasos linfáticos e linfonodos dos seres humanos de todas as idades e ambos os sexos. O substrato anátomo-patológico da doença é a linfangiectasia que leva a uma disfunção linfática produzindo o linfedema (elefantíase), a hidrocele, e as síndromes de fistulização (quilúria, quilocele e linfoescroto). O objetivo dessa investigação se foi estudar a relação entre o risco de desenvolvimento das síndromes fistulizantes e vários parâmetros, tais como a quantidade de gordura na dieta de pacientes atendidos no Núcleo de Ensino, Pesquisa e Assistência em Filariose – NEPAF, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, UFPE. O presente estudo foi realizado usando-se a teoria dos modelos lineares generalizados (MLGs) para ajustar um modelo logístico para os dados da doença usando o programa estatístico S-PLUS.
32

Molecular and immunological characterisation of Acanthocheilonema viteae chitinase

Tachu, Babila Julius 17 August 2006 (has links)
Chitinasen sind wichtigen Moleküle im Lebenszyklus parasitischer Fadenwürmer und bedeutende Medikamenten- und Impfstoffziele. Hier wurden drei Chitinasesequenzen (I, II und III) durch Charakterisierung von 9 Klonen aus einer Genbank von Acanthocheilonema viteae gefunden. Die Anzahl der drei sehr homologen Chitinasegene wurde durch Southern-Blot bestätigt. Die größten Unterschiede sind in den Exons zu finden, die die Serin-Threonin-reiche Domäne der Chitinasen codieren. Diese Domäne ist in Sequenz III ca. 10fach länger als in Sequenz I. Sequenz I und III haben Eigenschaften eines transkribierten Genes: ein Startcodon, ein offener Leserahmen, ein Stopcodon und ein Polyadenylierungssignal. Sequenz II fehlt das erste Exon mit dem Startcodon. Bei Durchmusterung einer cDNA-Bibliothek adulter A. viteae Würmer bzw. L3 Stadien, sowie durch Reverser Transkriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) wurden in den Mikrofilarien, L3 und L4 Transkripte für Gen I gefunden, jedoch nicht für Gen III. Das N-terminale Fragment der A. viteae-Chitinase wurde in ein Expressionsplasmid ligiert und in E. coli exprimiert. Ungefähr 80 % der exprimierten Chitinase lagen in Einschluss-Körpern vor. Dieser unlösliche Anteil konnte unter denaturierenden, der lösliche Anteil unter nativen Bedingungen aufgereinigt werden. Die aus den Einschluss-Körpern aufgereinigte Chitinase zeigte im Vergleich zur löslichen Chitinase eine 13fach verminderte Aktivität. Vom aktiven Zentrum der Chitinase wurden Peptide synthetisiert und parallel mit Chitinase aus den Einschluss-Körpern für Vakzinierungsexperimente im A. viteae / Meriones unguiculatus-Filarien-Modell genutzt. Die Reduzierung der Wurmlast um 29 % nach einer Immunisierung mit rekombinantem Protein zeigte eine tendenziell schützende Kapazität des Proteins. In zwei unabhängigen Experimenten konnte nach Immunisierung mit zwei synthetischen Peptiden (P1 und P2) eine bedeutende Reduktion der Wurmlast beobachtet werden. In der P1-Gruppe gab es eine gleichmäßige Reduktion der Mf-Last, die nur im zweiten Experiment signifikant war (39 %, p > 0,05 und 45 %, p < 0,05). In der P2-Gruppe konnte in einem von zwei Experimenten eine signifikante Reduktion der Mf-Last erzielt werden (75 %, p < 0,05). Diese Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, daß Filarien-Chitinasen potenzielle Ziele für Impfstoffe sind. / Chitinases are enzymes that break down chitin to its monomers. They are important molecules in the life cycle of parasitic nematodes representing important drug and vaccine targets. Here, three chitinase sequences (I, II and III) were obtained by characterising nine clones from a genomic library of Acanthocheilonema viteae. Southern blots confirmed the existence of three chitinase genes in A. viteae. The organisation of all three genomic sequences is similar, with the greatest difference occurring in exons encoding the serine-threonine rich domain of chitinases: this domain is about ten times larger in sequence III compared to I, but is absent in sequence II. Sequence I and III had features of regularly transcribed genes: start ATG, open reading frame, stop codon and polyadenylation signal. Sequence II lacked the first exon with start ATG. Screening of cDNA libraries from adult female A. viteae worms and L3 (third-stage larvae), as well as reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) ! showed transcripts in uterine microfilariae, L3 and L4 (fourth-stage larvae) for gene I only. The N-terminal fragment of A. viteae chitinase was cloned into an expression vector and expressed in Escherichia coli. About 80% of the expressed chitinase were found in inclusion bodies and were purified under denaturing conditions. The soluble fraction was about 20% and could be purified under native conditions. Chitinase purified from inclusion bodies was 13-fold less active compared to soluble chitinase. Synthetic peptides (P1 and P2) were designed from the active site of A. viteae chitinase, and used in parallel with chitinase from inclusion bodies in vaccination experiments using the A. viteae / Meriones unguiculatus filariasis model. Vaccination with recombinant protein led to a 29 % significant reduction in adult worm burden in a single experiment. Vaccination with P1 and P2 led to an overall non significant reduction in adult worm burden in two independent experiments. In the P1 group, there was a consistent reduction (39%, p>0.05 and 45%, p

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