Through processes of making and breaking in sculpture and writing I explore experiences, concepts and perceptions of breaking. ‘Breaking’ is the main theme running through my work but it arises in many different contexts and I deal with it on different planes. My research simultaneously explores and draws parallels between personal experiences in life: breaking bones, making/breaking sculpture and philosophical concepts of the break. In addition, breaking has become my methodology. Since both methodology and subject are ‘breaking’, each contributes to the understanding of the other. In 2006 I broke my collarbone three times, my wrist and my hand and when I returned to making sculpture I could only relate to my previous artwork by breaking it. By using autoethnographic approaches to foreground my subjectivity I describe a shift from health to injury. A corresponding change in my aesthetic understanding reflects a shift from a sense of a whole self to a fragile, broken one and a further perception of the coherence of the whole as inauthentic. The physical act of breaking in my sculptures then creates a further new subject position, that of the breaker, and that is in tension with my normative social position as a woman. In reflecting on the unexpected experience of power through breaking I explore the creative potential of this position for the female artist. I propose that physical breaking can shift the self towards the uncertainty of the ‘void’ by introducing the new subject positions of breaker and broken. The void is articulated as the break between established structures. Its relative freedom creates both risk and creativity, and evidences multiple subject positions associated with lived and de-centred experience. Giving to others the experience of breaking reciprocally benefits my artwork by introducing multiple subject positions and shifting it towards the void.

My proposition developed in this thesis is that photographs have changed the way the past is conceived and therefore the way the past is remembered. Just as the inventions of the telescope and microscope radically changed our understanding of distance and space on a macro and micro level, the invention of the photograph has radically altered our concepts of the past, memory and time. My starting point is a collection of photographs taken by my grandfather, Albert Edward Ingham, which is used both in my studio work and as a basis for my theoretical writing. My concerns as an artist are with the ways in which familiar photographs and their relation to ideas of personal memory can be incorporated in an art practice. The written element begins with a reflection into my motivation for using this collection and its usefulness to both my written and studio work. I include a short biography of my grandfather, leading me to consider biography and autobiography, and their relation through photography to autobiographical memory. This is followed by an in depth discussion on autobiographical memory and how it differs from other forms and processes of memory. With this I have placed a discussion of contemporary ideas on photographs. Finally I look closely at ‘external memory systems’ and how these relate to changes in the way autobiographical memory operates in relation to photographs. The emphasis of this thesis is to explore ways to elucidate my own practice as an artist and to offer a commentary on those issues which have been central to its development over the past several years. This has been, and continues to be, a process of making explicit and of clarifying those influences that have resulted in me pursuing autobiography as the major concern of my practice as an artist.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has shown itself to be beneficial in many application areas, including product design and manufacture, medical models and prosthetics, architectural modelling and artistic endeavours. For some of these applications, coupling AM with reverse engineering (RE) enables the utilisation of data from existing 3D shapes. This thesis describes the application of AM and RE within sculpture manufacture, in order to optimise the process chains for sculpture reproduction and relic conservation and restoration. This area poses particular problems since the original artefacts can often be fragile and inaccessible, and the finishing required on the AM replicas is both complex and varied. Several case studies within both literature and practical projects are presented, which cover essential knowledge of producing large scale sculptures from an original models as well as a wide range of artefact shapes and downstream finishing techniques. The combination of digital technologies and traditional art requires interdisciplinary knowledge across engineering and fine art. Also, definitions and requirements (e.g. 'accuracy'), can be applied as both engineering and artistic terms when specifications and trade-offs are being considered. The thesis discusses the feasibility for using these technologies across domains, and explores the potential for developing new market opportunities for AM. It presents and analyses a number of case study projects undertaken by the author with a view to developing cost and time models for various processes used. These models have then been used to develop a series of "process maps", which enable users of AM in this area to decide upon the optimum process route to follow, under various circumstances. The maps were validated and user feedback obtained through the execution of two further sculpture manufacturing projects. The thesis finishes with conclusions about the feasibility of the approach, its constraints, the pros and cons of adopting AM in this area and recommendations for future research.