Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2007.

Thesis (M. Econ.)--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Xeror copy of typescript. Declaration statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references (leaf [101-103]).

Thesis (M.Econ.)--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf [101-103]). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1993. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 334-345).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008. / Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed June 4, 2010). Katherine G. Willoughby, committee chair; Sally Wallace, David L. Sjoquist, Gordon A. Kingsley, Robert J. Eger, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-136).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Southern Methodist University, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-96).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--New York University, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-173).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2005. / Supervisor: Dale O. Stahl. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

iv Abstract This thesis investigates the effects of government spend- ing on aggregate economic variables in the Czech Republic. The standard RBC and New Keynesian models assume only forward-looking households despite the evidence of a sig- nificant fraction of non-optimizing households. These mod- els do not provide reasonable predictions for the response of consumption: both models predict its fall following a gov- ernment spending shock. Therefore, a variant of the New Keynesian model, where rule-of-thumb households coexist with optimizing households, is used for the analysis. We have found that fiscal policy has a positive impact on output, although government spending multiplier does not exceed one. Also, the impact on consumption is positive for several periods following a fiscal spending shock, which is consistent with the evidence. JEL Classification: C32, E32, E62 Keywords: fiscal policy, fiscal multipliers, fiscal VAR, rule- of-thumb consumers

A presente dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar os papéis do direito para a política fiscal no Brasil, a partir de um estudo sobre o que esta pesquisa chama de regime jurídico da política fiscal. Interpreta-se esse regime jurídico como o conjunto de princípios e regras que regulam a gestão do gasto e do endividamento públicos. A pesquisa busca combinar uma análise das funções do regime jurídico para objetivos de política fiscal com um estudo sobre o papel do direito para a própria legitimação social desses objetivos. Assim, argumenta-se que o regime jurídico da política fiscal no Brasil foi reformado na década de 1990 com o propósito de promover a agenda do ajuste fiscal e da sustentabilidade da dívida pública na gestão da política fiscal. Essa reforma implicou mudanças significativas em quatro âmbitos: prerrogativas fiscais foram centralizadas na União, em detrimento de estados e municípios; houve centralização do poder fiscal no Executivo, em relação ao Legislativo; foram instituídos limites legais à gestão da política fiscal, incluindo limitações com despesas com pessoal e com endividamento público; e foram criados novos mecanismos de transparência e prestação de contas da política fiscal. Ao contrário do que normalmente se argumenta na literatura, que enfatiza os fatores domésticos que resultaram na reforma do regime, esta pesquisa propõe uma interpretação que combina fatores domésticos com influências internacionais na explicação das determinantes da reforma. O último capítulo analisa os efeitos da implantação do novo regime jurídico para a política fiscal até o ano de 2014, os quais permitem perceber que, embora as regras e os princípios jurídicos tenham efetivamente reduzido a margem de manobra fiscal de estados e municípios, centralizado competências fiscais no Executivo e criado novos mecanismos de transparência e prestação de contas da política fiscal, é possível defender que ainda existe um considerável espaço de discricionariedade na definição e na gestão da política fiscal no âmbito do Poder Executivo federal. / This dissertation aims at analyzing the roles of law in fiscal policy in Brazil, from the study of what this research calls legal regime of fiscal policy. The legal regime of fiscal policy comprehends legal principles and rules that regulate the management of public expenditure and public debt. The research tries to combine an analysis of the functions of the legal regime for fiscal policy goals with a perspective on the role of law to their democratic legitimacy. It argues that the legal regime of fiscal policy in Brazil was reformed in the 1990s aiming at promoting the fiscal adjustment and public debt sustainability agenda. This reform provoked substantive changes in four different domains: fiscal policy decisions were concentrated in the Union, in comparison with states and municipalities; fiscal power was centralized in the Executive vis a vis the Legislative; fiscal rules establishing legal limits to fiscal policy management were implemented, including limits to public indebtedness and expenditures with payroll; new mechanisms of transparency and accountability were created. This research also advances an interpretation about the relationship between domestic elements and international influences that resulted in the legal reform, while the literature usually focuses on the narrative about the domestic elements. The last part of the dissertation analyzes the implementation of the new legal regime for fiscal policy up to 2014. The research claims that, although legal principles and rules reduced the room for maneuver for fiscal decisions by states and municipalities, centralized fiscal power in the Executive and created new mechanisms of transparency and accountability, it is possible to argue that there is still some discretion for the management of the fiscal policy in the federal Executive.