Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-22T20:06:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorUcellaDantasDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 1809666 bytes, checksum: b32680e5684b3244bc1d041e70803d4f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-08T21:32:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorUcellaDantasDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 1809666 bytes, checksum: b32680e5684b3244bc1d041e70803d4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-08T21:32:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorUcellaDantasDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 1809666 bytes, checksum: b32680e5684b3244bc1d041e70803d4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-11 / O consumo de frutas est? associado ao seu efeito ben?fico ? sa?de pela presen?a de fibras, vitaminas e compostos bioativos, sobretudo compostos fen?licos (CF) e vitaminas com atividade antioxidante. O Brasil possui produ??o diversificada de frutas tropicais, como a acerola, goiaba e caju, normalmente processadas formando grandes volumes de res?duos agroindustriais. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou caracterizar res?duos liofilizados de acerola (RLA), goiaba (RLG) e caju (RLC) quanto aos aspectos nutricionais, tecnol?gicos e funcionais associados ao estudo do conte?do bioativo ap?s tratamento t?rmico. Os res?duos apresentaram elevado teor de fibras diet?ticas, com destaque para as insol?veis no RLG (40,6%) e sol?veis no RLA (14,2%). O RLG apresentou maior valor prot?ico (13,8%) e de lip?dios (9,2%), por?m de forma geral, todos os res?duos apresentaram valor cal?rico reduzido. Os minerais em destaque foram pot?ssio, c?lcio e magn?sio, especialmente no RLC (K: 83,5 mg/g) e o RLA (Ca:31,9 mg/g e Mg: 2,8 mg/g). Quanto aos aspectos tecnol?gicos, todos os res?duos apresentaram baixa higroscopicidade e valores promissores de reten??o de ?gua (4,4 ? 12,0 g/g) e ?leo (3,0 ? 5,4 g/g). O RLA foi o mais rico em CF totais (5331,7 mg eqAG/100g), flavonoides totais (760,9 mg eqC/100g) e atividade antioxidante (688,1 ?mol eqTrolox/g no ORAC) e o RLG apresentou mais proantocianidinas (217,8 mgEqPAC2/100g). O RLA obteve melhor perfil fen?lico com ?cido salic?lico (3503,4 mg/100g), miricetina (929,4 mg/100g) e catequina (498,2 mg/100g). Nenhum res?duo apresentou atividade antibacteriana frente aos micro-organismos Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sonneie, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus e Listeria monocytogenes. O RLA apresentou-se mais sens?vel ao tratamento t?rmico, com baixa reten??o de CF totais atingindo 29% aos 150?C. Por?m a atividade antioxidante apresentou melhor reten??o em todos os res?duos e temperaturas (superiores a 70%). No caso do RLC, um aumento de at? 133% aos 150?C foi detectado, relacionando-se com a forma??o de melanoidinas em todos os res?duos (com varia??es de at? 582%). Com os dados obtidos, conclui-se que o RLA, RLG e RLC apresentam alto potencial nutricional, tecnol?gico e biotivo, inclusive para fortifica??o de outras matrizes alimentares. / The dietary consumption of fruit is linked to beneficial health effects due the presence of fiber, vitamins and bioactive compounds, especially antioxidant phenolic compounds (PC) and vitamins. Brazil has a diversified of tropical fruits production such as acerola, guava and cashew, which are usually processed and transformed into large amounts of agro-industrial pomaces. Thus, this study aimed to characterize freeze-dried acerola pomace (ACE), guava (GUA) and cashew (CAS) in regard to their nutritional, technological and functional aspects, in addition to evaluate the impact of the thermal-treatment. These residues are high in dietary fiber, especially insoluble for GUA (40.6%) and soluble for ACE (14.2%). The GUA residue has higher protein (13.8%) and lipids (9.2%), but overall, all pomaces have reduced caloric content. Minerals such as potassium, calcium and magnesium were found in CAS (K: 83.5 mg/g) and ACE (Ca: 31.9 mg/ g and Mg: 2.8 mg/g). Moreover, all dried residues had low hygroscopicity and satisfactory water (4,4 ? 12,0 g/g) and oil holding capacity (3,0 ? 5,4 g/g). ACE presented the highest phenolic content (5331.7 mg AGE/ 100g), total flavonoid (760.9 mg CE/ 100g) and antioxidant activity (688.1 ?mol TE/g in ORAC) and GUA presented higher proanthocyanidins (217.8 mg PA2/ 100g). ACE also presented outstanding phenolic profile, and salicylic acid (3503.4 mg/ 100g), myricetin (929.4mg / 100g) and catechin (498.2 mg/ 100g) were identified. No antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sonneie, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus e Listeria monocytogenes was detected. Severe reduction of total phenolic content was observed for ACE sample, reaching 29% at 150 ?C. However, higher antioxidant activity retention (above 70 %) was observed to all pomaces and temperatures. Interestingly, an increased TPC of up to 133% at 150 ?C was detected, which may be related to the formation of melanoidins in all pomaces (with variations up to 582%). Based on these results, we conclude that freeze dried pomaces have high nutritional, technological and bioactive potential, and might be used as phytochemical-rich ingredients to different food matrices.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-09-04T20:38:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DanieleDeSouzaMarinhoDoNascimento_DISSERT.pdf: 2192295 bytes, checksum: 73b11671b4d2ac4a205f4fba79f5180a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-06T19:07:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DanieleDeSouzaMarinhoDoNascimento_DISSERT.pdf: 2192295 bytes, checksum: 73b11671b4d2ac4a205f4fba79f5180a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-06T19:07:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanieleDeSouzaMarinhoDoNascimento_DISSERT.pdf: 2192295 bytes, checksum: 73b11671b4d2ac4a205f4fba79f5180a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A obesidade ? considerada um importante problema de sa?de p?blica, sendo um fator de risco para v?rias doen?as cr?nicas como doen?as cardiovasculares, hipertens?o, diabetes e outras. A Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC, conhecida popularmente como carqueja, ? uma planta medicinal utilizada na medicina tradicional em v?rias partes do Brasil. Para tal, infus?es, decoc??es e tinturas de suas folhas s?o produzidas e utilizadas para o tratamento da obesidade, diabetes, assim como diur?ticos, agentes digestivos, antiinflamat?rios, dentre outros. Neste trabalho, com intuito de respaldar o potencial medicinal da carqueja, extratos de folhas de Baccharis trimera foram obtidos, caracterizados qu?mica e fitoquimicamente e avaliados com rela??o ? sua atividade antioxidante e antiadipog?nica. Foram obtidos tr?s extratos: aquoso (AE), decoco (AE-D) e metan?lico (ME); a partir destes, foram realizados seis diferentes ensaios antioxidantes in vitro: ensaio do radical super?xido e hidroxila, poder redutor, capacidade antioxidante total e quela??o dos ?ons ferro e cobre. Bem como, foi avaliada sua poss?vel atividade antiadipog?nica com os testes de oil red O, glicerol livre e mensura??o de fatores de transcri??o adipog?nicos C/EBP?, C/EBP? e PPAR?. Na caracteriza??o fitoqu?mica, revelou-se a presen?a de flavonoides (?cido clorog?nico e apigenina) e compostos fen?licos nos extratos AE e AE-D. Quanto a atividade antioxidante, verificou-se uma atividade dose-dependente. Em rela??o ? atividade antiadipog?nica, a Baccharis trimera inibiu significantemente tanto a diferencia??o e ac?mulo de gordura nos adip?citos pelo MDA, quanto a express?o dos fatores de transcri??o C/EBP?, C/EBP? e PPAR?, durante a adipog?nese todas em rela??o dose-dependente. Este trabalho sugere que Baccharis trimera possui ?tima atividade antioxidante, prevenindo o estresse oxidativo, podendo contribuir para a diminui??o da adipog?nese, al?m de possuir ?tima atividade antiadipog?nica. Este foi o primeiro trabalho que demonstrou o potencial efeito de extratos de Baccharis trimera na diferencia??o de adip?citos 3T3-L1 em adip?citos. / Obesity is considered an important public health problem, being a risk factor for several chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes and other. Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC (carqueja) is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine in various parts of Brazil. Infusions, decoctions and tinctures of its leaves are produced and used for the treatment of obesity and diabetes, and also as diuretics, digestive agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, among others. In this work, in order to support the medicinal potential of carqueja, extracts of Baccharis trimera leaves were obtained, characterized chemically and phytochemically and evaluated in relation to their antioxidant and antiadipogenic activities. Three extracts were obtained: aqueous (AE), decoco (AE-D) and methanolic (ME); From these, six different in vitro antioxidant assays were performed: superoxide and hydroxyl radical assay, reducing power, total antioxidant capacity and chelation of iron and copper ions. As well, its possible antiadipogenic activity was evaluated with oil red O, free glycerol and measurement of adipogenic transcription factors C / EBP?, C / EBP? and PPAR?. Phytochemical characterization revealed the presence of flavonoids (chlorogenic acid and apigenin) and phenolic compounds in extracts AE and AE-D. As for the antioxidant activity, a dose-dependent activity was observed. Regarding antiadipogenic activity, Baccharis trimera significantly inhibited the differentiation and accumulation of fat in adipocytes by MDA in a dose-dependent relationship and significantly reduced the expression of the transcription factors C / EBP?, C / EBP? and PPAR?, during adipogenesis in a relation dose-dependent too. This work suggests that Baccharis trimera has an excellent antioxidant activity, preventing oxidative stress, and may contribute to the decrease of adipogenesis, besides having an excellent antiadipogenic activity. This was the first work that demonstrated the potential effect of Baccharis trimera extracts on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes into adipocytes.