In recent years, because of the transition of global economic structure, competition between companies is changing toward knowledge management and innovation. Especially at the field of quickly changing product, the superiority of technology is always the key factor of competition. Today, R&D department is important in many companies. The efficiency of R&D not only depends on the ability of technology development but also on the skill of management. Therefore, innovative ability and R&D personnel behavior are important issues for companies. This study focus on the relationship between the innovative behavior of R&D personnel and its influencing factors that include personality traits of subordinate and leadership style of supervisor. The purpose is explored what factors affect the R&D personnel¡¦s innovative behavior. In addition, this study analyzes the influence of age, gender, education background, and etc., on innovative behavior. This study adopts Five Factor Model (Big Five) that includes Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness on the personality traits. In addition, the leadership styles contain the transformational leadership and the transactional leadership. Through a questionnaire survey, the following results are obtained: For the two influent factors, personality traits generate more effect toward the R&D personnel¡¦s innovative behavior than the leadership styles. Among the personality traits, Openness to Experience has the most contribution to innovative behaviors. For the leadership styles, transactional leadership would better encourage subordinates to behave innovatively.