A precision measurement of the CKM angle γ from tree-level processes is one of the principal goals of the LHCb experiment. The results from this study are compared to predictions from two different theoretical models and from the default LHCb tuning of the PYTHIA Monte Carlo event generator, and the results shown to be in good agreement. The cross-section results are also compared to an independent LHCb measurement. LHCb analyses rely on the ability to identify kaons and pions with a high efficiency and low mis-identification rate, achieved by two Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detectors. To ensure optimal performance of the RICH detectors, the time alignment of the Level-0 (L0) front-end electronics modules has been optimised using a combination of a pulsed laser system installed in the LHCb cavern and pp collision data. After the time-alignment procedure, the L0 modules have been time-aligned to within approximately ° 1ns across both detectors.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第21564号 / 理博第4471号 / 新制||理||1642(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)准教授 市川 温子, 教授 鶴 剛, 教授 中家 剛 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第18447号 / 理博第4007号 / 新制||理||1578(附属図書館) / 31325 / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)教授 畑 浩之, 教授 川合 光, 准教授 市川 温子 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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Eine Suche nach dem Zerfall B → π τ ν wird vorgestellt. Die Suche wird auf dem vollständigen Belle Datensatz durchgeführt, der 772E6 B anti-B Paare beinhaltet, die auf der Y(4s) Resonanz mit Belle Detektor am asymmetrischen e+e- KEKB Beschleuniger gesammelt wurden. Das τ Lepton wird in den Zerfallskanälen τ → e ν ν, τ → μ ν ν, τ → π ν und τ → ρ ν rekonstruiert. Eines der beiden B Mesonen, das Btag, wird mittels eines auf NeuroBayes beruhenden Algorithmus vollständig in einem hadronischen Zerfallskanal rekonstruiert. Der Rest des Kollisionsereignisses beinhaltet genau zwei geladene Spuren im Falle eines Signalzerfalls. Die weitere Trennung zwischen Signal und Untergrund wird mithilfe von Boosted Decision Trees durchgeführt. Ein Fit wird in der Verteilung der Extra Energie im elektromagnetischen Kalorimeter ECL, welche definiert ist als alle Energie die weder vom Btag noch von der rekonstruierten Signalseite stammt, durchgeführt. Kein signifikantes Signal wird beobachtet und ein oberes Limit von Br( B → π τ ν ) < 2.5E-4 basierend auf einem Vertrauensintervall von 90% wird bestimmt. Das Ergebnis ist in guter Übereinstimmung mit der Vorhersage des Standard Modells.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho refere-se ao estudo sobre a razão da produção difrativa e total de B+ decaindo em J=y +K+, no ambiente do experimento CMS do colisor de prótons LHC do CERN, contribuindo assim com a compreensão geral do Modelo Padrão (SM) como a teoria das interações fundamentais entre as partículas elementares. Inicialmente, é apresentada uma análise com o intuito de selecionar os eventos que possuem um méson B+, uma vez que o canal de decaimento mencionado: poderá ser a primeira medida da produção exclusiva do méson B à escala de energia do LHC; é um dos principais canais de fundo para outras análises; e possibilita a utilização de um canal limpo para a calibração do CMS. Em seguida, é apresentada a forma de se identificar eventos difrativos no CMS, utilizando a baixa multiplicidade de torres ativas nos calorímetros CASTOR e HF. Esse estudo foi baseado em simulações computacionais, as quais reproduziram as condições físicas esperadas para o CMS/LHC, à energia de centro de massa de 10 TeV. Utilizou-se na geração de eventos o Monte Carlo POMWIG para as amostras difrativas e o PYTHIA para as demais. / This work concerns the study of the diffractive production ratio of the B+ meson decaying into J=y + K+, in the CMS/LHC environment, thus contributing to an general understanding of the Standard Model (SM) as the theory of fundamental interactions between elementary particles. To begin with, an analysis is done in order to select the events that have B+, as the study of the mentioned channel could provide the first measurement of the exclusive production of B mesons at the energy scale of the LHC. Also, it is an important channel both for further analysis and to make CMS calibrations. Furthermore, we show how to identify diffractive events in CMS, using low multiplicity of active cells in the forward calorimeters, HF and CASTOR. This study was based on computer simulations, which reproduce the Physics conditions expected for CMS at 10 TeV. The POMWIG generator was used to produce the diffractive samples and the others were done with PYTHIA.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho refere-se ao estudo sobre a razão da produção difrativa e total de B+ decaindo em J=y +K+, no ambiente do experimento CMS do colisor de prótons LHC do CERN, contribuindo assim com a compreensão geral do Modelo Padrão (SM) como a teoria das interações fundamentais entre as partículas elementares. Inicialmente, é apresentada uma análise com o intuito de selecionar os eventos que possuem um méson B+, uma vez que o canal de decaimento mencionado: poderá ser a primeira medida da produção exclusiva do méson B à escala de energia do LHC; é um dos principais canais de fundo para outras análises; e possibilita a utilização de um canal limpo para a calibração do CMS. Em seguida, é apresentada a forma de se identificar eventos difrativos no CMS, utilizando a baixa multiplicidade de torres ativas nos calorímetros CASTOR e HF. Esse estudo foi baseado em simulações computacionais, as quais reproduziram as condições físicas esperadas para o CMS/LHC, à energia de centro de massa de 10 TeV. Utilizou-se na geração de eventos o Monte Carlo POMWIG para as amostras difrativas e o PYTHIA para as demais. / This work concerns the study of the diffractive production ratio of the B+ meson decaying into J=y + K+, in the CMS/LHC environment, thus contributing to an general understanding of the Standard Model (SM) as the theory of fundamental interactions between elementary particles. To begin with, an analysis is done in order to select the events that have B+, as the study of the mentioned channel could provide the first measurement of the exclusive production of B mesons at the energy scale of the LHC. Also, it is an important channel both for further analysis and to make CMS calibrations. Furthermore, we show how to identify diffractive events in CMS, using low multiplicity of active cells in the forward calorimeters, HF and CASTOR. This study was based on computer simulations, which reproduce the Physics conditions expected for CMS at 10 TeV. The POMWIG generator was used to produce the diffractive samples and the others were done with PYTHIA.

Les courants neutres changeant la saveur b -> sl⁺l⁻ ne sont autorisés dans le Modèle Standard (MS) qu'au niveau des boucles.Par conséquent, ils sont sensibles aux éventuels effets de la Nouvelle Physique (NP) au-delà du MS.Dans le MS, les transitions b -> se⁺e⁻ et b -> sμ⁺μ⁻ ont la même probabilité, cette propriété est appelée l'universalité du couplage aux leptons (UL).Tester l'UL dans les désintégrations de hadrons beaux a récemment été un domaine prometteur pour les recherches de NP. Des tensions par rapport aux prédictions du MS, de l'ordre de 2,5 déviations standards, ont été observées dans les désintégrations rares B -> K(*) l⁺l ⁻. À ce jour, les tests de l'UL ont été effectués uniquement sur des désintégrations de mesons beaux.Cette thèse présente un premier test de la UL dans la désintégration rare du baryon Lambdab -> pK l⁺l⁻ , en utilisant les données collectées par l'expérience LHCb au CERN en 2011, 2012 et 2016. La sensibilité statistique attendue est d'environ 15%, tandis que la valeur centrale reste aveuglée.La première mesure du rapport de branchement de la désintégration Lambdab -> pKμ⁺μ⁻ est effectuée avec une précision statistique de 5,3%.En outre, cette thèse présente la première observation de la désintégration Lambdab -> pKe⁺e ⁻ , ainsi que la mesure de son rapport de branchement.Enfin, la désintégration Xib0 -> pKJ/ψ est observée et étudiée pour la première fois. / Flavor-changing neutral-current b ->sl⁺l⁻ transitions are forbidden at tree level in the Standard Model (SM), and can only occur at loop level. Therefore, they are sensitive to possible New Physics (NP) effects beyond the SM. In the SM, the transitions b ->se⁺e⁻ and b -> sμ⁺μ⁻ have the same probability to happen, this property is called lepton universality (LU). Probing LU in b-hadron decays has been recently a promising area for NP searches. Tensions with respect to the SM predictions at the level of about 2.5 standard deviations have been observed in rare B -> K(*)l⁺l ⁻ decays. To date, tests of LU have been performed only in decays of b-mesons.This thesis presents a first test of the LU in rare b-baryon decays Lambdab -> pK l⁺l⁻ using the data collected by the LHCb experiment at CERN, during 2011, 2012 and 2016 data-taking periods. The expected statistical sensitivity is about 15%, while the central value remains blind at the moment. The first measurement of the branching fraction of the decay Lambdab -> pKμ⁺μ⁻ is performed with the statistical precision of 5.3%.In addition, this thesis presents the first observation of the Lambdab -> pKe⁺e ⁻ decay, and the measurement of its branching fraction.Finally, a suppressed decay Xib0 -> pKJ/ψ is observed and studied for the first time.