Paleoflood data are restrictive reflections of climatic conditions, representing one component of a region's climate; high rainfall intensity storms. In regions with a fairly simplistic, uniform hydroclimatological setting (floods above a given magnitude threshold are caused by predominantly one type of atmospheric circulation pattern), the temporal distribution of floods reflects that of the causal circulation pattern. Slackwater-deposit-based paleoflood reconstructions for three rivers in northern Australia cover an aggregate of 1200 years. Slackwater deposits (SWD) are fine-grained sediments which settle from suspension in low velocity areas during floods. These deposits approximate the flood's high water level, and allow reasonably accurate estimation of discharge. Radiocarbon dating of associated organics, and thermoluminescence (TL) dating of the 90-125 μm quartz fraction of the sediments, produce a paleoflood chronology. In this study, radiocarbon ages on SWD ranged from 1200 yr BP to modern, while TL ages on SWD and other fluvial sediments ranged from 2.6 to 60 ka. TL dating appears to have a large temporal range (1-100 ka) and a restricted spatial range (the lower reaches of a basin), while radiocarbon dating has a more restricted temporal range (0-35,000 yr BP) and a large spatial range (anywhere in the basin). The northern Australian paleoflood data formed clusters at 300-440 yr BP and 160 yr BP-present. This distribution is attributed to variations in the intensity of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) circulation (which prevents floods from occurring in northern Australia), and the anti-ENSO circulation (which is associated with large floods).