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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Efeito da seca na din?mica dos grupos funcionais fitoplanct?nicos em reservat?rios eutr?ficos do semi?rido

Torres, La?ssa Mac?do 29 July 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-08T00:14:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LaissaMacedoTorres_DISSERT.pdf: 1199182 bytes, checksum: 8e8e139999c522ac6a56c6e99656daaa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-10T22:51:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LaissaMacedoTorres_DISSERT.pdf: 1199182 bytes, checksum: 8e8e139999c522ac6a56c6e99656daaa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T22:51:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LaissaMacedoTorres_DISSERT.pdf: 1199182 bytes, checksum: 8e8e139999c522ac6a56c6e99656daaa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Reservat?rios s?o os principais recursos de ?gua superficial no semi?rido do Brasil. A grande maioria destas reservas de ?gua est? comprometida pela eutrofiza??o. A seca severa ocorrida em 2012 contribuiu para perdas consider?veis no volume de ?gua, influ?nciando a disponiblidade de recursos (nutriente e luz) para o fitopl?ncton. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o efeito da seca na din?mica de grupos funcionais fitoplanct?nicos e verificar os fatores direcionadores de cada grupo. O efeito da seca favoreceu a homogeneidade de vari?vies bi?ticas e abi?ticas nos reservat?rios, principalmente pela falta de fluxo dos rios intermitentes. Os grupos funcionais de cianobact?rias formadoras de flora??es (S1, M e SN) dominaram ao longo do ano de 2012, nos tr?s reservat?rios estudados (Dourado, Gargalheiras e Passagem das Tra?ras). Os grupos estiveram relacionados ? altas concentra??es de s?lidos vol?teis, f?sforo total (PT) e am?nia (NH3), al?m de dominar tanto em ambientes rasos como em ambientes mais profundos. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (grupo SN) foi a esp?cie mais representativa nos tr?s reservat?rios, apresentando as maiores biomassas. O grupo M (Sphaerocavum brasiliense), ao contr?rio do descrito na literatura, registrou seu melhor desempenho em ambientes rasos, com mistura da coluna d??gua. A abordagem dos grupos funcionais de Reynolds et al. (2002) representou uma ferramenta importante na descri??o dos sistemas eutr?ficos do semi?rido, mas n?o refletiu uma resposta clara dos fatores direcionadores de cada grupo. Devido ? longa domin?ncia de cianobact?rias nos reservat?rios do semi?rido, sugerimos que a abordagem de grupos taxon?micos indica mais claramente quais caracter?sticas ambientais contribuem para o melhor desemprenho desse grupo. Ambientes ricos em nutrientes, alto tempo de reten??o da ?gua, alta disponibilidade de luz durante quase todo o ano e estabilidade na coluna d??gua por falta de fluxo s?o caracter?sticas dos reservat?rios do semi?rido que favorecem a domin?ncia dos grupos de cianobact?rias formadoras de flora??es. Sendo assim, nossos resultados mostram que os reservat?rios do semi?rido s?o vulner?veis ? domin?ncia de cianobact?rias formadoras de flora??es, especialmente em per?odos de eventos extremos, como seca severa, refletindo na perda da qualidade de ?gua nos mananciais da regi?o. / Reservoirs are the main sources of surface water in Brazil?s semiarid region. The majority of these water supplies, however, are compromised by eutrophication. A severe drought in 2012 contributed to significant losses in water volume, influencing the availability of resources (nutrients and light) for phytoplankton. The aim of this study is to understand the dynamics of the functional groups of phytoplankton and the factors that affect them during a severe drought in the semiarid reservoirs of the northeast. We therefore studied the Dourado, Gargalheiras and Passagem das Tra?ras reservoirs in Rio Grande do Norte from January 2012 to January 2013. The effect of drought favoured homogeneity within the reservoir, in relation to biotic and abiotic variables, notably the absence of water supply given the lack of flow from its tributaries (intermittent river). The phytoplankton functional groups of bloomforming cyanobacteria (SN, S1 and M) dominated throughout the year 2012, in both the shallow and deep areas of the three reservoirs studied. The groups were related to high concentrations of volatile solids, total phosphorus and ammonia, and high turbidity. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (SN group) was the species with the greatest biomass in the three reservoirs. M group (Sphaerocavum brasiliense) performed better in shallow waters with more available phosphorus. Our data showed that high concentrations of nutrients and low availability of light, besides the stability of the water column due to lack of flow and the system?s high residence time, favoured the dominance of bloom-forming cyanobacteria groups, especially those tolerant to shadow
2

O efeito do regime hidrol?gico do semi?rido na composi??o de esp?cies durante domin?ncia de cianobact?rias em um reservat?rio tropical / The effect of hydrological regime semi-arid on the species composition during cyanobacteria dominance in tropical reservoirs

Medeiros, Luciana de Castro 17 April 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaCM_DISSERT.pdf: 1660460 bytes, checksum: dab339dbdc22796b2b9d04615f1dc630 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-17 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The potentially toxic cyanobacterial blooms in water bodies are spread across the globe, resulting in the loss of water quality and adverse effects on human health. In arid and semiarid regions, the hydrologic regime characterized by an annual cycle of drought and rain, change the volume and the retention time of the reservoir. Such changes affect the limnological characteristics and causing changes in composition and biomass community of cyanobacteria. The reservoir Cruzeta (Zmax = 8.7 m) is a eutrophic water supply source located in the semiarid tropical (Northeast Brazil). Raised the hypothesis that the hydrological regime of semi-arid tropical is a determining factor in the availability of resources in eutrophic water sources, which influences the composition of dominant species of cyanobacteria. The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in biomass and species composition of cyanobacteria for two annual hydrological cycles and evaluate factors drivers. The study was divided into five distinct periods (dry 2010, rain 2011, dry 2011, rain 2012, dry 2012). The dominant group found in all periods was Cyanobacteria (99% of total biomass), which contributed to the low diversity. The filamentous species Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii was present at both points in almost every study. The colonial species Microcystis panniformis and Sphaerocavum brasiliensis dominated only in periods with lower volumes of water. The diatoms contribute more to the biomass during the period of severe drought. The point near the dam (P1) had phytoplankton biomass larger than the point near the tributary (P2). The dominant species of colonial cyanobacteria lasted until the overflow in P1, and P2 this dominance was until the first rains. The redundancy analysis indicated that physical factors such as light availability and water level were the main factors driving the seasonal succession of phytoplankton. The composition of phytoplankton in spring was alternated by species of filamentous cyanobacteria in conditions of poor stability of the water column, such as Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, and colonial species under conditions of high stability of the water column, such as Microcystis panniformis and Sphaerocavum brasiliensis. The extremes of torrential rains and severe droughts, governed by the hydrological regime of the semi-arid region led to the availability of resources in the watershed, directing the spatial and temporal dynamics of phytoplankton in the reservoir Cruzeta / As flora??es de cianobact?rias potencialmente t?xicas est?o disseminadas em corpos aqu?ticos por todo o globo, resultando na perda da qualidade da ?gua e efeitos negativos para a sa?de humana. Em regi?es ?ridas e semi?ridas, o regime hidrol?gico, caracterizado por um ciclo anual de seca e chuva, altera o volume e o tempo de reten??o dos reservat?rios. Tais altera??es afetam as caracter?sticas limnol?gicas e, consequentemente, ocassiona mudan?as na composi??o e biomassa da comunidade de cianobact?rias. O reservat?rio Cruzeta (Zmax = 8,7 m) ? um manancial de abastecimento eutr?fico, localizado no semi?rido tropical (Nordeste, Brasil). Levantou-se a hip?tese de que o regime hidrol?gico do semi?rido tropical ? um fator determinante na disponibilidade de recursos em mananciais eutrofizados, o que influencia na composi??o e domin?ncia de esp?cies de cianobact?rias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as mudan?as na biomassa e na composi??o de esp?cies de cianobact?rias durante dois ciclos hidrol?gicos anuais e avaliar fatores direcionadores. O estudo foi dividido em 5 per?odos distintos (seca 2010, chuva 2011, seca 2011, chuva 2012, seca 2012). O grupo dominante encontrado em todos os per?odos foi de Cianobact?rias (99% da biomassa total), o que contribuiu para a baixa diversidade. A esp?cie filamentosa Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii esteve presente em ambos os pontos em quase todo o estudo. As esp?cies coloniais Microcystis panniformis e Sphaerocavum brasiliensis dominaram somente nos per?odos com menores volumes de ?gua. As diatom?ceas contribu?ram mais com a biomassa durante o per?odo de seca severa. O ponto pr?ximo a barragem (P1) apresentou biomassa fitoplant?nica maior que o ponto pr?ximo ao tribut?rio (P2). A domin?ncia das esp?cies coloniais de cianobact?rias se estendeu at? o extravazamento do reservat?rio no P1. No P2, esta domin?ncia ocorreu at? as primeiras chuvas. A an?lise de redund?ncia indicou que vari?veis f?sicas, tais como disponibilidade de luz e o volume de ?gua, foram os principais fatores de condu??o da sucess?o sazonal do fitopl?ncton. A composi??o do fitopl?ncton no manancial foi alternada por esp?cies de cianobact?rias filamentosas nas condi??es de pouca estabilidade da coluna d??gua, como a Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, e por esp?cies coloniais nas condi??es de elevada estabilidade da coluna d??gua, como Microcystis panniformis e Sphaerocavum brasiliensis. Os eventos extremos de chuvas torrenciais e secas severas, regidos pelo regime hidrol?gico da regi?o do semi?rido determinaram a disponibilidade de recursos no manancial, direcionando a din?mica temporal e espacial do fitopl?ncton no reservat?rio Cruzeta

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