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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Respostas fisiol?gicas do feijoeiro comum a herbicidas / Physiological responses of common bean to herbicides

LIMA, Gepatrik Rodrigues 29 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-22T19:49:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gepatrik Rodrigues Lima.pdf: 1199140 bytes, checksum: a162c3135ebd07b66364dfd0d3a3b7fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T19:49:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gepatrik Rodrigues Lima.pdf: 1199140 bytes, checksum: a162c3135ebd07b66364dfd0d3a3b7fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of herbicides applied on post- emergence on common bean cultivation, using chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and visual evaluation, just after theirs application. The selectivity of the herbicide in the crop was also evaluated. The experiment was conducted in the crop science experimental field at the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. The treatments were the following herbicides, bentazon (720 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil (187,5 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen (187,5 + 250 g ha-1), fomesafen (250 g ha-1), and two other treatments with or without weeds mechanical control, and the experimental design used was on randomized blocks, with six treatments and three replications. The bentazon was the only herbicide that induced a reduction in the maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm), in photochemical quenching (qP) and in effective quantum yield of PS II (?FSII), while it promoted an increase in non photochemical quenching (NPQ) in the first day after its application. The Fv/Fm was the best discriminatory parameter for the evaluation of the effects of the herbicide on photosynthetic apparatus of plants in the field. All the herbicides used did not promote phytotoxicity or bean yield reduction. / O trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar os efeitos da aplica??o de herbicidas p?s-emergentes na fisiologia da cultura do feijoeiro, utilizando par?metros de fluoresc?ncia de clorofila a e a seletividade do herbicida na cultura. O experimento foi conduzido no campo experimental de Fitotecnia, da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Os tratamentos constaram das aplica??es dos seguintes herbicidas: bentazon (720 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil (187,5 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen (187,5 + 250 g ha-1), fomesafen (250 g ha-1) e mais duas testemunhas sem aplica??o de herbicida, sendo uma capinada e outra mantida sem capina, no delineamento casualiza??o por bloco, com quatro repeti??es. Foram avaliadas as vari?veis de fluoresc?ncia da clorofila a, conte?do de prote?na sol?vel foliar e a fitotoxicidade a cultura. O bentazon foi o ?nico que causou redu??es significativas no rendimento qu?ntico m?ximo do fotossistema II (Fv/Fm), quenching fotoqu?mico (qP), rendimento qu?ntico efetivo do fotossistema II (?FSII) e promoveu incremento no quenching n?o fotoqu?mico (NPQ) nos primeiros dias ap?s sua aplica??o. O Fv/Fm foi a vari?vel mais indicada para avaliar efeitos decorrentes da aplica??o de herbicidas no aparato fotossint?tico de plantas no campo. Todos os herbicidas testados n?o ocasionaram fitotoxicidade elevada e queda no rendimento dos gr?os do feijoeiro comum.
2

Respostas do feijoeiro comum ao d?ficit h?drico / Answers the common bean to drought

MACEDO, David Cabral 01 March 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-21T19:38:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - David Cabral Macedo.pdf: 619341 bytes, checksum: 189056ebf73c34fe51317abeb294ebc9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T19:38:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - David Cabral Macedo.pdf: 619341 bytes, checksum: 189056ebf73c34fe51317abeb294ebc9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-01 / CAPES / The aim of this work was evaluate the effect of water deficit on two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars. For that, an experiment was carried out in greenhouse, with Ouro Negro and Diplomata cultivars, on Plant Science sector of Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. The two cultivars were submitted to eight days of drought and four days of rehydration in a completely randomized design. The results show that the cultivar Diplomata has a better performance under water deficit conditions, presenting leaf base water potential values (?a) higher than the black gold in the last days of stress. Analysis of the fluorescence of chlorophyll a demonstrated statistically significant variation between cultivars, with the cultivar Diplomata presenting higher values for most of the parameters analyzed, such as Fv/Fm, ?F/F'm and lower values of the NPQ variable. About photoinhibition, the diplomat genotype showed a significant difference with lower values on the seventh day of stress and on the second day of rehydration, indicating a higher reversal of damage from photoinhibition throughout the day. Regarding the content of starch, the cultivar Ouro negro showed high values before stress (AE), but there was no significant difference among both cultivars during (DE) and in rehydration (R). In relation to the protein content, the cultivar Diplomata showed significantly higher values (AE) and in (R). Also, for the potential of biological nitrogen fixation (PFBN), the cultivar Diplomata showed a significantly higher number of nodules and nodules mass (AE) and (DE), as for the morphologic parameters, the Ouro negro showed higher root dry weight (MSR) at the (R), but Diplomata had a higher leaf dry weight (MSF) at the (R) too. For the yield components of the cultivar Diplomata had a significantly higher grain mass/plant under stress compared to the cultivar Ouro negro. Therefore, these results indicate a better adaptation to drought cultivar Diplomata. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do d?ficit h?drico em dois cultivares de feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Para isso, foi realizado um experimento em casa de vegeta??o, com os cultivares Ouro negro e Diplomata, no setor de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Os dois cultivares foram submetidos a oito dias de seca e quatro dias de reidrata??o em um delineamento inteiramente casualisado. Os resultados demonstram que o cultivar Diplomata tem uma melhor performance sob condi??es de d?ficit h?drico, apresentando valores de potencial de ?gua de base da folha (?a) maiores que o Ouro negro, nos ?ltimos dias de estresse. A an?lise da fluoresc?ncia da clorofila a demonstrou varia??o estatisticamente significativa entre os cultivares, com o cultivar Diplomata apresentando valores mais altos na maioria das vari?veis analisadas, como: o rendimento qu?ntico efetivo m?ximo do FS II (Fv/Fm), o rendimento qu?ntico efetivo do FS II (?F/F?m) e valores mais baixos no quenching n?o fotoqu?mico (NPQ). Sobre a fotoinibi??o, o gen?tipo Diplomata demonstrou diferen?a significativa com valores mais baixos no s?timo dia de estresse e no segundo dia de reidrata??o, indicando uma maior revers?o dos danos fotoinibit?rios no decorrer do dia. A respeito dos teores de amido, o cultivar Ouro negro apresentou valores significativamente mais altos antes do estresse (AE), mas n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os gen?tipos, durante o estresse (DE) e na reidrata??o (R). J? em rela??o aos teores de prote?nas sol?veis em folhas, o cultivar Diplomata demonstrou manter valores significativamente maiores (AE) e (R). Em rela??o ?s vari?veis de potencial de fixa??o biol?gica de nitrog?nio (PFBN), o cultivar Diplomata tamb?m apresentou um maior n?mero de n?dulos e maior massa de n?dulos (AE) e (DE), assim como nas vari?veis morfol?gicas, apesar do cultivar Ouro negro apresentar uma maior massa seca de raiz (MSR) (DE) e na (R), o cultivar Diplomata apresentou uma maior massa seca foliar (MSF) na (R). Quanto aos componentes de produ??o, o cultivar Diplomata apresentou uma maior massa de gr?os/planta, sob estresse, quando comparado com o cultivar Ouro negro. Esses resultados indicam uma maior adapta??o ? seca do cultivar Diplomata quando comparado ao Ouro negro.

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