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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Análise do Programa de Bochechos de flúor em escolares da 13ª Delegacia de Ensino da 3ª Divisão Regional de Ensino da Capital do Município de São Paulo / Analysis of the fluoride mouthwash program in schoolchildren of the 13th Delegation of Education of the 3rd Regional Division of Education of the City of São Paulo

Aly, Ilvaita Maria Morais de Carvalho 08 May 1987 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo é a avaliação do programa de bochechos de solução de fluor realizada pela Divisão de Estudos, Normas e Programas do Departamento de Assistência ao Escolar da Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo. A análise consistiu em se observar a atuação do ministrador do bochecho, verificando-se conjuntamente o preparo da solução e o tempo de duração do mesmo, a quantidade da solução e a freqüência do bochecho proporcionado aos escolares, além da incidência de cárie ocorrida desde o início até o final das observações, comparando-a através da aplicação do índice CPOS com a incidência ocorrida com escolares nos quais o bochecho foi rigorosamente controlado. A ausência de prevenção verificada torna evidente que o método não está sendo executado corretamente. / The present study comprehends an evaluation of a program of fluoride solution mouthrinsing application worked out by the Branch of study, Norms and Programmes of the Schoolchild Assistance Division of the Sao Paulo State Department of Education, Brazil. The analysis has comprised the observation of the performance of the persons in charge of the mouthrinsing ministration, taking into account lenght of time spent, the quantity and concentration of solution and frequency of mouthrinsing offered to schoolchildren, besides the incidence of caries occurred since the beginning till the end of the observations, comparing this incidence - through the application of the CPOS index - to trat occurred in school children with whom the mouthrinsing was completely controlled. The absence of prevention observed indicates that the method is not being correctly performed.
2

Análise do Programa de Bochechos de flúor em escolares da 13ª Delegacia de Ensino da 3ª Divisão Regional de Ensino da Capital do Município de São Paulo / Analysis of the fluoride mouthwash program in schoolchildren of the 13th Delegation of Education of the 3rd Regional Division of Education of the City of São Paulo

Ilvaita Maria Morais de Carvalho Aly 08 May 1987 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo é a avaliação do programa de bochechos de solução de fluor realizada pela Divisão de Estudos, Normas e Programas do Departamento de Assistência ao Escolar da Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo. A análise consistiu em se observar a atuação do ministrador do bochecho, verificando-se conjuntamente o preparo da solução e o tempo de duração do mesmo, a quantidade da solução e a freqüência do bochecho proporcionado aos escolares, além da incidência de cárie ocorrida desde o início até o final das observações, comparando-a através da aplicação do índice CPOS com a incidência ocorrida com escolares nos quais o bochecho foi rigorosamente controlado. A ausência de prevenção verificada torna evidente que o método não está sendo executado corretamente. / The present study comprehends an evaluation of a program of fluoride solution mouthrinsing application worked out by the Branch of study, Norms and Programmes of the Schoolchild Assistance Division of the Sao Paulo State Department of Education, Brazil. The analysis has comprised the observation of the performance of the persons in charge of the mouthrinsing ministration, taking into account lenght of time spent, the quantity and concentration of solution and frequency of mouthrinsing offered to schoolchildren, besides the incidence of caries occurred since the beginning till the end of the observations, comparing this incidence - through the application of the CPOS index - to trat occurred in school children with whom the mouthrinsing was completely controlled. The absence of prevention observed indicates that the method is not being correctly performed.
3

Electrochemical Studies in Fluoride Based Solutions for Semiconductor Processing Applications

Venkataraman, Nandini January 2010 (has links)
Fluoride based chemical systems are widely used at various stages in microelectronic processing, particularly for wet cleaning and etching applications. Some examples include the use of semi aqueous fluoride (SAF) solutions in back end of line cleaning, the use of dilute HF solutions as etchants for SiO2 and HF-HNO3 or HF-H2O2 solutions as isotropic etchants for silicon. In this work, the use of fluoride based solutions for two applications relevant to semiconductor processing are considered.In the first part of the study, cleaning of post plasma etch residues generated during fabrication of copper damascene structures was investigated in semi aqueous fluoride (SAF) formulations based on dimethyl sulfoxide and ammonium fluoride. Formulations designed for residue removal should be able to remove the residue effectively, without causing critical dimension loss during the process cycle. A systematic evaluation of solution variables (solvent content and pH) was conducted and the extent of removal of model copper oxide films and selectivity over copper and carbon doped oxide (CDO) films were used as metrics to evaluate the formulations. Results of the study indicate that the presence of solvent is necessary to achieve reasonable etch selectivity over dielectric films. Additionally, a removal end point detection technique based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was developed, which could potentially help in the optimization of cleaning time with minimal dielectric loss. This method was applied to monitor the removal of copper oxide films as well as residue from patterned test structures.In the second part of the study, electrochemical formation of porous silicon films in hydrofluoric acid (HF) solutions was investigated, for potential applications in advanced packaging. Specifically, porous silicon formation in solution mixtures containing HF, acetic acid and peroxide, was studied. The effect of variables including current density, substrate resistivity, HF, acetic acid and peroxide concentration, on key porous film characteristics such as growth rate, porosity and microstructure, was explored. Addition of peroxide was found to significantly increase the porosity and growth rate of the film, as a result of enhanced chemical dissolution and films with porosities as high as 95% were obtained. Additionally, in solutions containing peroxide, a variety of microstructural features, such as nanopores, micron sized pores, truncated pyramidal structures and silicon needles were observed, under various fabrication conditions.
4

Comparação entre uso de soluções de fluoreto de sódio a 0,2%, monofluorfosfato de sódio a 0,7% e monofluorfosfato de sódio a 0,7% em álcool a 4%; em bochechos na prevenção da cárie dentária / Comparison between use of 0.2% sodium fluoride solutions, 0.7% sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.7% sodium monofluorophosphate in 4% alcohol; in mouthwashes to prevent tooth decay

Bastos, Jose Roberto de Magalhaes 14 December 1979 (has links)
O presente estudo foi conduzido durante vinte meses, sob supervisão, em região não fluoretada, para avaliar e comparar o efeito anticariogênico de um bochecho semanal, durante um minuto, com lO ml de solução aquosa de fluoreto de sódio a 0,2 por cento (grupo A) ou solução aquosa de monofluorfosfato de sódio a O,7 por cento (grupo B), ou solução aquosa de monofluorfosfato de sódio a 0,7 por cento contendo 4 por cento de álcool etílico (grupo C) sendo utilizada como controle solução aquosa de cloreto de sódio a 0,1 por cento (grupo D). A amostra inicial era constituída de 1.023 crianças, de 9 a 12 anos de idade, de seis escolas públicas estaduais, da região de Bauru, no Estado de São Paulo, balanceadas pelo número de dentes permanentes e pelo CPOS. Após doze meses restavam 220 crianças em cada grupo de estudo. As crianças dos grupos A e B apresentaram reduções de 16,00 por cento no CPOD e as do grupo C de 22,40 por cento , não significantes estatisticamente, em relação ao grupo controle. As reduções no CPOS foram de 26,06 por cento para crianças do grupo A, 26,63 por cento para as do grupo B e 30,88 por cento para as do grupo C, todas significantes ao nível de 5 por cento em relação ao grupo controle ,não significantes entre si. Após vinte meses, havia 206 crianças remanescentes em cada grupo de estudo. As reduções no CPOD foram de 36,76 por cento para as crianças do grupo A, 33,96 por cento para as do grupo B e 31,15 por cento para as do grupo C. As reduções no CPOS foram de 34,63 por cento para as crianças do grupo A, 27,54 por cento para as do grupo B e 32, 22 por cento para as do grupo C, todas estatisticamente significantes ao nível de 5 por cento , em relação ao grupo controle, mas não significantes entre si. / Children 9 to 12 years of age rinsed their teeth once a week during the school year for one minute with 10 ml of one of the following: A- 0,2 per cent sodium fluoride solution, B - 0,7 per cent sodium monofluorophosphate solution, C - 0,7 per cent sodium monofluorophosphate solution containing 4 per cent of ethanol, D- 0,1 per cent sodium chloride solution. The sample was constituted of school children from six public schools in the Bauru area, State of São Paulo. The children were evenly divided in four groups and care was taken to ensure that the groups had similar initial dental caries experience. The twelve months evaluation, based on 220 children in each group showed that children in groups A and B had 16,00 per cent less decayed teeth than the controls, the percentage of reduction being 22,40 per cent for group C. For dental surfaces the reduction were 26,06 per cent for group A, 26,63 per cent for group B and 30,88 per cent for group C, all statistically significant at 5 per cent level. However the groups did not differ statistically among themselves. A second evaluation, which was based on 206 children in each group, was made twenty months after the base line survey. The caries reductions on teeth were 36,76 per cent , 33,9.6 per cent and 31,15 per cent for groups A, B and C respectively. For dental faces the reductions on caries incidence were 34,63 per cent for children in group A, 27,54 per cent for those in group B and 32,22 per cent for group C. All these reductions were statistically significant against the control group, but again there were not significance when the fluoride groups were compared one with the other.
5

Comparação entre uso de soluções de fluoreto de sódio a 0,2%, monofluorfosfato de sódio a 0,7% e monofluorfosfato de sódio a 0,7% em álcool a 4%; em bochechos na prevenção da cárie dentária / Comparison between use of 0.2% sodium fluoride solutions, 0.7% sodium monofluorophosphate and 0.7% sodium monofluorophosphate in 4% alcohol; in mouthwashes to prevent tooth decay

Jose Roberto de Magalhaes Bastos 14 December 1979 (has links)
O presente estudo foi conduzido durante vinte meses, sob supervisão, em região não fluoretada, para avaliar e comparar o efeito anticariogênico de um bochecho semanal, durante um minuto, com lO ml de solução aquosa de fluoreto de sódio a 0,2 por cento (grupo A) ou solução aquosa de monofluorfosfato de sódio a O,7 por cento (grupo B), ou solução aquosa de monofluorfosfato de sódio a 0,7 por cento contendo 4 por cento de álcool etílico (grupo C) sendo utilizada como controle solução aquosa de cloreto de sódio a 0,1 por cento (grupo D). A amostra inicial era constituída de 1.023 crianças, de 9 a 12 anos de idade, de seis escolas públicas estaduais, da região de Bauru, no Estado de São Paulo, balanceadas pelo número de dentes permanentes e pelo CPOS. Após doze meses restavam 220 crianças em cada grupo de estudo. As crianças dos grupos A e B apresentaram reduções de 16,00 por cento no CPOD e as do grupo C de 22,40 por cento , não significantes estatisticamente, em relação ao grupo controle. As reduções no CPOS foram de 26,06 por cento para crianças do grupo A, 26,63 por cento para as do grupo B e 30,88 por cento para as do grupo C, todas significantes ao nível de 5 por cento em relação ao grupo controle ,não significantes entre si. Após vinte meses, havia 206 crianças remanescentes em cada grupo de estudo. As reduções no CPOD foram de 36,76 por cento para as crianças do grupo A, 33,96 por cento para as do grupo B e 31,15 por cento para as do grupo C. As reduções no CPOS foram de 34,63 por cento para as crianças do grupo A, 27,54 por cento para as do grupo B e 32, 22 por cento para as do grupo C, todas estatisticamente significantes ao nível de 5 por cento , em relação ao grupo controle, mas não significantes entre si. / Children 9 to 12 years of age rinsed their teeth once a week during the school year for one minute with 10 ml of one of the following: A- 0,2 per cent sodium fluoride solution, B - 0,7 per cent sodium monofluorophosphate solution, C - 0,7 per cent sodium monofluorophosphate solution containing 4 per cent of ethanol, D- 0,1 per cent sodium chloride solution. The sample was constituted of school children from six public schools in the Bauru area, State of São Paulo. The children were evenly divided in four groups and care was taken to ensure that the groups had similar initial dental caries experience. The twelve months evaluation, based on 220 children in each group showed that children in groups A and B had 16,00 per cent less decayed teeth than the controls, the percentage of reduction being 22,40 per cent for group C. For dental surfaces the reduction were 26,06 per cent for group A, 26,63 per cent for group B and 30,88 per cent for group C, all statistically significant at 5 per cent level. However the groups did not differ statistically among themselves. A second evaluation, which was based on 206 children in each group, was made twenty months after the base line survey. The caries reductions on teeth were 36,76 per cent , 33,9.6 per cent and 31,15 per cent for groups A, B and C respectively. For dental faces the reductions on caries incidence were 34,63 per cent for children in group A, 27,54 per cent for those in group B and 32,22 per cent for group C. All these reductions were statistically significant against the control group, but again there were not significance when the fluoride groups were compared one with the other.

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