Orientador: Rafael Zadorosny / Resumo: Correntes de transporte interagem com os vórtices de Abrikosov nos supercondutores do tipo II via força de Lorentz (FL), o que pode resultar em seu movimento. Esse movimento ocorrerá se FL suprimir a força de pinning (FP) [4,6], que mantém os vórtices ancorados, tais como defeitos e orifícios artificiais nas amostras. Nos casos em que FL >> FP, os vórtices se movem livremente e experimentam apenas resistência viscosa devido à sua interação com o condensado supercondutor. Esse estado de movimento é conhecido como flux flow (FF). Assim, no presente trabalho, estudamos a dinâmica dos vórtices em uma fita supercondutora com tamanhos laterais de 10 ξ(0) x 70 ξ(0), com seis grãos espaçados por um supercondutor de menor Tc, i.e., um weak-link (WL). Além disso, em cada grão foram considerados quatro defeitos da mesma natureza que os WL’s, simulando defeitos intrínsecos. Para tal estudos, as equações generalizadas de Ginzburg-Landau dependentes do tempo (GTDGL) foram solucionadas numericamente. Assim, foram considerados três valores diferentes de campos magnéticos externos, i.e., Hap = 0,1 Hc2(0), 0,3 Hc2(0) e 0,5 Hc2(0), e densidade de correntes de transporte de intensidade que variou em passos de 0,005J0. Observou-se que a intensidade de Hap, influencia diretamente nos regimes de movimento, onde para Hap = 0,1 Hc2(0) foi verificado apenas o FF intergranular e uma dinâmica mais duradoura. Já para Hap = 0,3 Hc2(0) e 0,5 Hc2(0) foram observados dois regimes de movimento, o flux flow (F... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Transport currents interact with Abrikosov vortices in type II superconductors via Lorentz force (FL), which can result in their motion. Such movement will occur if FL suppresses the pinning force (FP) [4,6], which keeps vortices trapped, such as defects and artificial holes in the samples. In cases where FL >> FP, the vortices move freely and experience only a viscous resistance due to their interaction with the superconducting condensate. This state of motion is known as flux flow (FF). Thus, in the present work, we studied the vortex dynamics a superconducting tape with lateral sizes of 10 ξ(0) x 70 ξ(0), with six grains spaced by a smaller Tc superconductor, i.e., a weak-link (WL). In addition, in each grain, four defects of the same nature as the WL's were considered, simulating intrinsic defects. For such studies, the generalized time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations (GTDGL) were solved numerically. Thus, three different values for the external magnetic field were considered, i.e., Hap = 0.1 Hc2(0), 0.3 Hc2(0) and 0.5 Hc2(0), and density of transport currents of intensity that varied in steps of 0,005 J0. It was observed that the intensity of Hap directly influences the motion regimes, where for Hap = 0.1 Hc2 (0) it was verified only the intergranular FF and a longer dynamics. For Hap = 0.3 Hc2(0) and 0.5 Hc2(0), two motion regimes were observed, the inter and intragranular FF. However, there was a faster destruction of the superconductor (SC). It was also found that... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

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In the recent years significant progresses in thedevelopment of high-temperature superconductors have been made.It is realistic to believe that power applications, based onthese conductors, in a few years will become available. To beable to utilise the conductors in an optimum way, theunderstanding of their behaviour under application-likecondition is essential. One important parameter that has to beoptimised is the power loss, which means that mathematicalmodels of these losses have to be developed. In a typicalapplication the superconductor is utilised in a coilconfiguration where the actual magnetic field is considerablehigher than for a straight structure. For power frequencies thelosses are dominated by hysteresis losses and flux flowlosses. In this thesis, mathematical models of the hysteresis andthe flux flow losses as a function of a transport current, anexternal magnetic field, the temperature and the frequency havebeen developed. The transport current and the magnetic field,which are assumed to be proportional to each other, includeboth an ac and a dc component. The models of the hysteresislosses are based on the critical state theory, and for twoidealised geometries, an infinite slab and a thin strip, newexact closed form equations have been derived. The equationsfor the two idealised geometries are then superimposed tofacilitate the description of a more realistic geometry, i.e. asuperconducting tape with a finite width and thickness. Themodel of the flux flow losses is valid for a tape shapedconductor and is based on both measurements and reasonablephysical assumptions. For the development and the validation ofthe models, a calorimetric measurement set-up has been used.From a limited number of relatively simple measurements, thedeveloped models can be adjusted to a certain superconductor,and the power losses for the actual superconductor can bepredicted in considerable more complicated cases. <b>Keywords:</b>high-temperature superconductor, hysteresislosses, flux flow losses, critical state model, calorimetricmeasurements

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<p>In the recent years significant progresses in thedevelopment of high-temperature superconductors have been made.It is realistic to believe that power applications, based onthese conductors, in a few years will become available. To beable to utilise the conductors in an optimum way, theunderstanding of their behaviour under application-likecondition is essential. One important parameter that has to beoptimised is the power loss, which means that mathematicalmodels of these losses have to be developed. In a typicalapplication the superconductor is utilised in a coilconfiguration where the actual magnetic field is considerablehigher than for a straight structure. For power frequencies thelosses are dominated by hysteresis losses and flux flowlosses.</p><p>In this thesis, mathematical models of the hysteresis andthe flux flow losses as a function of a transport current, anexternal magnetic field, the temperature and the frequency havebeen developed. The transport current and the magnetic field,which are assumed to be proportional to each other, includeboth an ac and a dc component. The models of the hysteresislosses are based on the critical state theory, and for twoidealised geometries, an infinite slab and a thin strip, newexact closed form equations have been derived. The equationsfor the two idealised geometries are then superimposed tofacilitate the description of a more realistic geometry, i.e. asuperconducting tape with a finite width and thickness. Themodel of the flux flow losses is valid for a tape shapedconductor and is based on both measurements and reasonablephysical assumptions. For the development and the validation ofthe models, a calorimetric measurement set-up has been used.From a limited number of relatively simple measurements, thedeveloped models can be adjusted to a certain superconductor,and the power losses for the actual superconductor can bepredicted in considerable more complicated cases.</p><p><b>Keywords:</b>high-temperature superconductor, hysteresislosses, flux flow losses, critical state model, calorimetricmeasurements</p>

Superconductivity Centennial Conference 2011- EUCAS–ISEC–ICMC (18-23 Sep 2011, The Hague, The Netherlands)

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