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A diferenciação entre os nódulos benignos e malignos da tireoide é possível na maioria das vezes pela citologia, obtida por punção aspirativa com agulha fina (PAAF). No caso das neoplasias foliculares (NFs), é necessária a remoção cirúrgica de ao menos parte da glândula, pois somente a análise histológica da peça permite diferenciar nódulos benignos de malignos. Há indícios na literatura de que os parâmetros de ultrassonografia com Doppler colorido (UDC) podem indicar maior ou menor probabilidade de malignidade nesses nódulos. Objetivo. Avaliar, nesta revisão sistemática, a acurácia diagnóstica da UDC em predizer malignidade em NFs da tireoide. Métodos. Foram pesquisadas as seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library e LILACS. As referências de estudos relevantes foram verificadas para adicionais citações de interesse. Não houve restrições de linguagem. Foram incluídos estudos nos quais nódulos de tireoide com padrão histológico compatível com NFs, confirmado por biópsia de peça cirúrgica, haviam sido previamente submetidos à UDC e cujos padrões de fluxo ao mapeamento colorido foram descritos detalhadamente. Dois revisores realizaram independentemente a avaliação da qualidade e a extração de dados. Resultados. Foram incluídos quatro estudos, somando 457 nódulos, sendo que 67 foram considerados malignos com base na biópsia cirúrgica. A presença à UDC de padrões de fluxo no interior do nódulo considerado como moderado, rico, predominante ou exclusivo foi indicativa de malignidade com uma sensibilidade média de 85 % (Intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 74% a 93%) e especificidade média de 86% (IC 95%: 82% a 89%). Para uma prevalência média de 14,7%, os valores preditivos positivo e negativo são respectivamente 51% e 97%. A razão de verossimilhança positiva é 6,07, e a razão de verossimilhança negativa 0,18. Conclusão. A UDC apresenta boa acurácia para identificar malignidade em NFs da tireóide. Fluxo interno predominante à UDC está associado a maior risco de malignidade nessas lesões. / Background. In most cases it is possible to differentiate between benign and malignant thyroid nodules through cytologic analysis of the fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) samples. However, in the case of follicular neoplasms (FNs), to determine whether such nodules are benign or malignant, it is necessary to perform a surgical biopsy, which requires the removal of at least part of the thyroid gland. There are clues in the literature that the parameters of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) may indicate a greater or lesser likelihood of malignancy in these nodules. Objective. The purpose of this systematic review was to obtain summary estimates of the diagnostic accuracy of CDU in predicting malignancy in thyroid FNs. Methods. We searched Medical Subject Headings together with the search terms “follicular,” “thyroid,” and “Doppler” in the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Excerpta Medica databases as well as the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature database, after which we performed manual searches of the reference lists to locate additional studies. There were no language restrictions. We included studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of CDU in identifying malignancy in thyroid FNs. The assessments of the quality and extraction of data were performed by 2 independent reviewers. Results. We included 4 studies, which collectively evaluated 457 thyroid FNs, 67 of which had been classified as malignant based on the evaluation of surgical biopsy samples. Moderate, rich, predominant, or exclusive internal flow on CDU of thyroid FNs was considered indicative of malignancy. The overall sensitivity of CDU was 85% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74%–93%), with an overall specificity of 86% (95% CI, 82%–89%). The overall prevalence was 14.7%, and the positive and negative predictive values were 51% and 97%, respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 6.07, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.18. Conclusion. CDU has good accuracy for identifying malignancy in thyroid FN. Predominant internal flow seen on CDU is associated with malignancy of thyroid FN. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações