Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pittsburgh, 1989. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-130).

Thesis (M.Com. (Economics and Economic History))--Rhodes University, 2006. / A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Commerce (Financial Markets).

D.Com. (Economics) / The objective of the study was mainly to examine the effect of the U.S. dollar on the competitive advantage of South Africa.The theoretical framework explaining the competitive position of a country in the global market place was examined in Chapter II. The complexity of the variables involved is evident from the many different points of view put forward by economists, not only in respect of the. concept competitive advantage of a country, but also in respect of the criteria that should be used to evaluate such competitiveness. It is, however, evident that the phenomena involved in evaluating the competitive position of a country cannot be separated from the theories explaining the flow of goods and services between countries. Only a minor part of such flows can be explained in terms of the traditional international trade theories. Most of the trade over borders occurs between countries differing very little from each other as far as tastes and factor ...

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The three chapters of this thesis address two questions. First, how are real and nominal exchange rates between different national currencies determined? Second, how does this determination influ- ence the international transmission of macroeconomic fluctuations and, especially, monetary policy disturbances? Chapter 1 comprises an empirical evaluation of long-run purchasing power parity as a theory of equilibrium nominal exchange rate determination for the post-Bretton Woods data. Structural time series methods are used to identify bivariate moving average representations of nominal exchange rates and relative goods prices and to test whether these empirical representations are consistent with the implications of purchasing power parity. Long-run purchasing power parity can be un ambiguously rejected for the G- 7 countries. There are permanent deviations from parity which account for almost all of the variance of real exchange rates, and which are driven by permanent disturbances to nominal rates which are never reflected in relative goods prices. Chapter 2 presents an empirical evaluation of the hypothesis that the global Depression of the 1930’s was attributable to international transmission of (idiosyncratic) U.S. monetary policy actions through the International Gold Exchange Standard - fixed exchange rate - regime. Specifically, the analysis evaluates whether the interwar output collapse in Canada was caused by transmitted U.S. monetary policy disturbances. A multivariate structural time series representation of the Cana dian macroeconomy is estimated which is consistent with the dynamic and long-run equilibrium properties of a Mundell- Fleming small open economy model and in which U.S. data represent the ‘rest of the world’. The empirical results show that U.S. monetary disturbances play a negligible role for both Canadian and U.S. output movements in the 1930’s. Permanent common real shocks to outputs can account for the onset, depth and duration of the Depression in both economies. There is little evidence to support a Gold-Standard transmitted global output collapse through the transmission mechanisms usually associated with purchasing power parity theories of real exchange rate determination. Chapter 3 develops an alternative theory of real and nominal exchange rate determination and of the international transmision mechanism which can account for many stylized facts regarding the empirical behaviour of real and nominal exchange rates that long-run purchasing power parity fails to explain. In a two-country, two-currency overlapping generations model, the role of optimal portfolio choices between internationally traded assets is emphasized - rather than goods market trade - as the source of currency demands. These demands, and supplied of assets generated by domestic monetary policies, determine both real and nominal exchange rates. Here, monetary policy changes can induce permanent international and intra-national reallocations through real exchange rate and real interest rate adjustments. This transmission mechanism differs markedly from that implied by purchasing power parity. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

<p>This paper tested the purchasing power parity hypothesis for Botswana and South Africa using cointegration analysis. The data used are the spot exchange rate between the two countries (rand and pula) and their consumer price indices.</p>

by Cheung Sin-ching, Suzanne, Wu Bin, Willliam. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-99). / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.ii / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / TABLE OP CONTENTS --- p.v / LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii / LIST OP EXHIBITS --- p.ix / CHAPTER / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Background Information --- p.1 / Fixed Rate System --- p.1 / Pegged Rate System --- p.1 / Re-arrangement of RMB Exchange Rate --- p.2 / Repeated Realignments of the Official Rate / Multi-Rate System --- p.3 / Managed Floating Rate System --- p.4 / Purposes of Study --- p.4 / Statements of Problems --- p.4 / Scope of the Problem --- p.5 / Plan of the Report --- p.6 / Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEM --- p.7 / Chapter III. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.11 / Secondary Source Data Collection --- p.11 / Primary Source Data Collection --- p.12 / Strengths and Weaknesses of the Methodology --- p.12 / Chapter IV. --- THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE RMB EXCHANGE RATE --- p.13 / The categorization of Exchange Rate System --- p.13 / The Selection of RMB Exchange Rate system --- p.15 / Pre-Reform Era . . ´ب --- p.15 / Post-Reform Era --- p.17 / The Alteration of Official Rate --- p.17 / The Multi-Rate System --- p.19 / Internal Settlement Rate --- p.19 / Swap Rate --- p.22 / Pros and Cons of Multi-Rate System --- p.24 / Termination of Multi-Rate System --- p.26 / The Determination of RMB Exchange Rate --- p.27 / Chapter V. --- RMB DEVALUATION --- p.30 / Reasons for Devaluation --- p.30 / General Background t The Overvaluation of RMB --- p.30 / Export Promotion --- p.31 / Inflation and Loss of RMB Purchasing Power --- p.32 / Import Surge and Foreign Trade Deficit --- p.33 / Speculative and Psychological Factors --- p.34 / Unification of Dual Rate System --- p.35 / Impacts of RMB Devaluation --- p.35 / External Economy --- p.35 / Merchandise Trade Account --- p.36 / Effects on Export --- p.36 / Effects on Import --- p.39 / Effects on Foreign Trade Balance --- p.39 / Other Considerations --- p.40 / Time Lags --- p.40 / The Fragmentation in China's Foreign Trade Industry --- p.41 / Non-Trade current Account --- p.42 / Tourism --- p.42 / Othet Items in Non-Trade Account --- p.43 / Capital Account --- p.43 / Other Countries' Response --- p.45 / Internal Economy --- p.46 / Imported Inflation --- p.46 / Import Substitution Industry --- p.47 / People's Faith in RMB --- p.47 / Practical Implications of RMB Devaluation: Strategies for Hedging against RMB Risk --- p.48 / Agreement with Chinese Side --- p.49 / Forex-Guaranteed Loan --- p.49 / Diversification of Business --- p.50 / Forex Future Market --- p.50 / Chapter VI. --- PROSPECT OF THE RMB EXCHANGE RATE --- p.52 / Expectation of RMB Exchange Rate: A Move in the Near Future --- p.52 / Forex Demand vs. Forex Supply --- p.53 / Inflation --- p.53 / Free Convertibility of RMB --- p.54 / Definition --- p.54 / Internal Convertibility --- p.55 / External Convertibility --- p.55 / Pros and Cons of RMB Convertibility --- p.56 / Prerequisites to RMB Free Convertibility --- p.57 / Rational Exchange Rate --- p.57 / Sufficient International Settlement Means --- p.57 / Sound Macroeconomic Policies --- p.58 / Efficient Microeconomic Environment --- p.58 / procedures for RMB Free Convertibility --- p.60 / Eliminating the Dual Rate System --- p.60 / Realizing the Limited Convertibility of RMB --- p.60 / Establishing Foreign Exchange Market --- p.62 / Eliminating the FECs --- p.63 / Allowing Free Transfer of Foreign Exchange in Capital Account --- p.63 / Chapter VII. --- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.65 / Conclusions --- p.65 / A Rational Managed-Floating Rate System is in Need --- p.65 / Devaluation is not a Panacea --- p.67 / The RMB Rate is Bearish in Near Future --- p.68 / Free Convertibility is a Long Way to Go --- p.68 / Other Things to Do --- p.69 / Recommendations --- p.69 / Controlling Inflation --- p.69 / Rebalancing Trade Deficit --- p.70 / Restructuring Foreign Trade Industry --- p.70 / Improving the Chinese Enterprises' Efficiency --- p.70 / TABLES --- p.72 / EXHIBITS --- p.83 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.96

by Hok-hoi Fung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-59). / LIST OF TABLES --- p.ii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.iii / CHAPTER / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.3 / Chapter 3. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.6 / Formulation of the TVTP Model --- p.6 / Filtered and Smoothed Probabilities --- p.9 / Maximization of the Expected Log-likelihood --- p.13 / Chapter 4. --- EMPIRICAL RESULTS --- p.15 / The Simple 2-state Markov Switching Model --- p.15 / The TVTP Model --- p.17 / The 3-state Markov Switching Model --- p.26 / Chapter 5. --- OUT - OF- SAMPLE FORECASTING --- p.34 / Chapter 6. --- CONCLUSION --- p.40 / APPENDICES --- p.42 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.58

Leung Sze Wan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-64). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgments --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.v / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- A review of the related literature --- p.7 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- The data --- p.12 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Research methodology --- p.31 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Determinants of peg duration --- p.34 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Main results --- p.41 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Predicted probabilities of devaluation --- p.51 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Results from an alternative exchange rate peg definition --- p.54 / Chapter Chapter 9 --- Conclusion --- p.59 / Bibliography --- p.62 / Appendix --- p.65

Wu, Tujin. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [47]-49). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / 摘要 --- p.ii / Acknowledgments --- p.iii / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- China´ةs Economic Transition and Literature Review --- p.6 / Chapter II.1. --- Export-led Strategy and Exchange Rate Evolution --- p.6 / Chapter II.2. --- Literature review of exchange rate misalignment --- p.10 / Chapter III. --- Theories Background --- p.14 / Chapter 1. --- Purchasing Power Parity and Balassa Samuelson Hypothesis --- p.14 / Chapter 2. --- Modified Balassa Samuelson Hypothesis --- p.17 / Chapter IV. --- Empirical Estimation --- p.21 / Chapter 1. --- Cross-Section Estimate --- p.21 / Chapter 2. --- Time Series Estimation --- p.25 / Chapter 3. --- Policy proposal in the duration of price revaluation --- p.36 / Chapter V. --- Summary --- p.44