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Disertační práce se zabývá faktoringem a forfaitingem, jakožto metodami finacování zahraničního obchodu, které nejsou v České republice dosud využívány ve stejné míře jako v zahraničí. Podává nestranný a kritický pohled na oba nástroje, prezentuje nejen základní principy jejich využívání a jejich výhody, ale zaměřuje se na jejich slabé stránky, podmínky a překážky využívání. Součástí práce je také popis současného českého faktoringového a forfaitingového trhu, včetně možných prognóz budoucího vývoje a analýzy nabídky jednotlivých finančních institucí. This thesis focuses on factoring and forfaiting. Both factoring and forfaiting market in the Czech Republic are not as developed as in Western Europe. It offers critical and neutral survey of all aspects of these two instruments, presents not only basic principles and their advantages but analyzes also their weaknesses, preconditions and impediments to their utilization. The thesis also describes current Czech factoring and forfaiting market including assumptions on future developments and analysis of financial products offered by particular financial institutions.

The main objective is to analyze various possibilities in credit risk management from a perspective of a domestic company dealing mainly with foreign customers. The thesis contains both theoretical and practical part and includes general characteristics of risk and different types of risk in international business. It puts emphasis on credit risk, its origin and types of credit defaults. Furthermore there are included various methods used for counterparty risk estimation, credit risk valuation anf its elimination in form of setting up credit limits based of rating agencies recommendations or financial analysis, choise of relevant payment terms etc. The thesis contains several classic and multifactor models used in credit analysis. Main topic is credit risk management and methods for the risk elimination such as factoring,forfaiting, guarantees, collaterals or insurance. The last part demonstrates a practical case using the knowledge from the theoretical parts.

Práce se soustředí na bankovní záruky jako způsob zajištění rozmanitých rizik exportéra a importéra a dokumentární akreditivy, které se obvykle označují jako \"nejbezpečnější platební nástroj\". Právní úprava a charakteristika těchto instrumentů je doplněna přehledem, který čtenáři usnadní orientaci ve SWIFTových polích.

This thesis is aimed towards overview of current possibilities of financing of an investment project. First part of the thesis is concentrated towards explaining of the terms such as financing, division of sources of financing into individual groups, there are also stated basic information regarding sources of financing. In the practical part, there are noted individual possibilities of financing of a selected investment program based on deliveries of an investment unit into Russian Federation. In the final part of the thesis, there is carried out a comparison of specific possibilities of financing of an investment program, its evaluation from the utility point of view is summarized and there is a recommendation of an optimal variation of financing of the mentioned investment unit.

The thesis is divided into two parts -- theoretical and practical. In first part hedging instruments, namely the Letter of Credit, Documentary Collection, Bill of Exchange, Factoring, Forfaiting and Bank Guarantee are analyzed. The aim of analysis is to describe the basic characteristics of instruments and course of these instruments. Subsequently, the instruments are compared to each other on the basis of the advantages and disadvatages they bring to participants. The next part is devoted to an analysis of charges associated with the use of particular hedging instruments in selected banks and the comparison of instruments based on selected criteria. The specific use of the hedging instrument is shown in the case study.

Master’s thesis "Financial insolvency of the firm and methods of solution to this problem" deals with management of receivables. The first part describes tools which can be used for the management of receivables after maturity or prevention before this type of receivables. In the second part the work is focused on management of receivables in the company. In this section the current status of this area in the company is summarized and more types of debt collection are proposed. Finally, ideas for improvement of management of receivables are suggested, e.g. in the area of client communication by sales representatives. Recommendations are also made for tools usage, e.g. sale of bad debts of transfer of risk to other subject.

This diploma thesis deals with the choice of a suitable form of an external financing for the selected company. Individual banking products and services are generally defined in the theoretical part. Defined banking products are then compared within the analytical part of this work. Analytical part of this work contains also some calculations. The most suitable financing method for the selected company is recommended within the last part of this work.

This thesis deals with the possibilities of financing export contract in the company. The theoretical part provides an insight into the opportunities that companies currently have in financing their activities. There is an overview of the various forms of internal and external financing and their basic characteristics. The practical part is focused on a specific business case and options for financing various parts of the contract. The conclusion provides a comprehensive overview of the variations, their comparisons and recommendations of the best one from the complex perspective.

一國用以協助其國內資本財廠商提高產品對外競爭的方法固不祗一端, 但金融措施的配合不失為一個有效的途徑。事實上, 國際上利用「中長期輸出信用」, 以實現其經濟持續發展者不乏其例, 例如早期的英國, 近代的西德、日本, 以及晚近的韓國比比皆是。就我國而言, 早在民國六十八年也有成立中國輸出入銀行, 負責中長期的輸出融資, 而「中長期出口票據貼現融資業務 (Forfaiting)」,亦是針對資本財的中長期輸出融資, 不僅申請手續簡便, 核貸作業迅速, 相信可適度地彌補中國輸出入銀行中長期輸出融資的不足, 同時能提供廠商一條更便捷、更安全的融資管道。由於國內現階段資本財出口廠商的自有資本薄弱, 且主要的外銷品亦大部分集中在東南亞及非洲等外匯短缺的地區, 廠商對中長期輸出融資的需求尤感迫切, 相信Forfaiting業務之推展能適度的滿足廠商的資金需求, 且增加出口競爭力, 而有助於我國經濟的發展。且隨著我國經濟在國際舞台上扮 演的角色不斷提升, 國際金融業務亦日形重要, 為了在遠東地區的金融市場占有一席之地, 並逐步將台北建立為區域金融中心, 新的金融商品的引進與推廣將必然的趨勢。由於Forfaiting業務本身具備許多的優點, 且是較新的貿易融資工具, 幾乎只有極少部分的人了解該項業務, 是導致筆者研究Forfaiting業務的動機。希望經由對該業務多方面的探討, 能對要使用該項融資工具的出口商或提供該項業務的業者, 有所幫助。該業務只要能夠有效地推廣, 由於其本身具備的固有優點, 相信必定能夠在國際貿易上被廣泛使用。本論文從Forfaiting交易的基本概念出發, 介紹Forfaiting交易的起源與發展、交易流程、特色以及此一融資交易的功能, 也就是對交易中各當事人進行優缺點分析等。然後探討規範該項業務的相關法律、國際間實務上認同的習慣, 以及使用該業務在法律上可能遭遇到的問題。最後, 就我國現況, 對國內推廣Forfaiting 交易提出個人淺見。