Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Australia, 2006.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2009. / Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 300-309).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: Anuj Srivastava, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Statistics. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 24, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 158 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed March 7, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-142).

Orientadores: Eduardo Daruge Junior, Fausto Berzin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T06:21:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paranhos_LuizRenato_D.pdf: 2376791 bytes, checksum: 4c3d510528c5516e2786f5586893bea9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Objetivo: verificar a prevalência da morfologia do arco dental mandibular, da coroa do incisivo central superior e do padrão esquelético da face em brasileiros com oclusão normal natural, e determinar se existe associação entre estas variáveis. Material e Métodos: a amostra foi composta de 51 indivíduos leucodermas com oclusão normal natural, sem história de tratamento ortodôntico prévio, que apresentavam no mínimo quatro das seis chaves de oclusão de Andrews. O padrão esquelético da face foi definido por duas grandezas cefalométricas (SN.Gn e SN.GoGn). As imagens dos arcos dentais mandibulares e dos incisivos superiores geradas pela digitalização dos modelos foram avaliadas por 12 ortodontistas. Para verificar a concordância entre examinadores, quanto à classificação da morfologia do arco dental e do incisivo central, foi utilizado o teste Kappa. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis foi utilizado o teste do quiquadrado. Resultado: a prevalência de arco dental com formato ovalar foi de 41,17%, quadrangular de 39,22%, e triangular de 19,61%. Os dentes apresentaram a seguinte prevalência: ovalar (47,06%), seguido de quadrangular (31,37%) e triangular (21,57%). Quanto ao padrão esquelético da face foi encontrado 47% de indivíduos braquifaciais, seguido de 27% de indivíduos mesofaciais e 26% de dolicofaciais. O teste do qui-quadrado não mostrou haver associação estatisticamente significante entre as variáveis estudadas. Conclusão: a referência do padrão esquelético da face na determinação da morfologia do arco dental e/ou da coroa dental não é apropriada. / Abstract: Aim: to verify the prevalence of lower arch morphology, upper central incisor shape and craniofacial pattern among young Brazilians with natural normal occlusion. The study also evaluated any association among these variables. Material and Methods: the sample consisted of 51 caucasian individuals featuring normal occlusion, with no history of previous orthodontic treatment, and matching at least four of six keys to optimal occlusion as described by Andrews. The craniofacial pattern was defined by two cephalometric measurements (SN.Gn and SN.GoGn). Lower arch and central upper incisor images were digitalized from plaster models. Twelve orthodontists evaluated every image. Agreement tests both for dental arch and upper incisor shape were performed using the Kappa method. Associations among variables were tested through the chi-square test. Results: oval dental arch form was found in 41.17% of the sample, square form in 39.22%, and triangular shape in 19.61%. Dental shape was prevalent as follows: oval (47.06%), square (31.37%) and triangular shape (21.57%). Forty-seven percent of the sample presented a brachycephalic pattern, 27% of subjects were mesocephalic, and 26% were dolicocephalic pattern. The chi-square test did not show statistically significant association among studied variables (craniofacial pattern, dental arch form and upper central incisor shape). Conclusion: the craniofacial pattern did not serve as a reference to estimate dental arch form or dental crown shape. / Doutorado / Anatomia / Doutor em Biologia Buco-Dental

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / This study examined the relationship between delay of response in problem-solving and ability to integrate color and form on a perceptual task. It was an attempt to relate a perceptual process to a personality variable, and thus make meaningful certain individual differences in perceiving in terms of more general principles of ego controls. [TRUNCATED]

The central importance of vision to an organism is evident in the anatomical and physiological adaptations within the eye that can be correlated to the organism's behavior and ecology. The goal of this study was to perform a functional analysis of adaptations within the elasmobranch visual system. An integrative approach was used to examine morphological and physiological adaptations in several species and link these adaptations to phylogeny, locomotion, habitat, behavior and ecology. Functional aspects investigated were eye position, pupil shape, spectral sensitivity, temporal resolution, the extent of the visual field and ultimately the integration of the visual and electrosensory systems. The elasmobranch eye adapts to the light environment of its habitat. Sharks from similar habitats had similar spectral sensitivities such as the bonnethead and blacknose sharks, both maximally sensitive to blue light of 480 nm. The spectral sensitivity of the scalloped hammerhead, which lives in a different environment, was maximally sensitive to green light (530 nm). The temporal characteristics of the eye also matched habitat and lifestyle. Species experiencing variable light conditions exhibited increased critical flicker-fusion frequencies, such as the bonnethead (31 Hz) and scalloped hammerhead (27 Hz), in contrast to deeper or more nocturnal species such as the blacknose shark (18 Hz). Elasmobranch visual fields correlated to each species' lifestyle, habitat and foraging strategy. Expansive monocular views, including a 360° panoramic view in the yellow stingray, were measured in species that rely on vision for vigilance against predators. / The Atlantic stingray possessed large binocular overlaps (72°), which provided depth perception useful for tracking prey. By comparison, the frontal binocular overlaps of hammerhead species were larger than sharks with a more conventional head shape.This study quantified the range of the electrosensory system and the exte the visual field of several shark species, confirming both systems overlap around the head facilitating near seamless visual and electrosensory sensory function relevant to prey detection. The findings of this study indicate that ambient environmental light strongly influenced the function of the elasmobranch eye and that the extent of species' visual fields correlated with aspects of their morphology, locomotion and ecology. / by Dawn Michelle McComb. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2009. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2009. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

When interpreting how an animal "learns" discrimination tasks, strain capabilities must be considered, and it should be shown that they comprehend the task in a manner consistent with the given interpretation. A novel visual-discrimination (VD) task for relative-size-relations was used to examine visual cue use in C57BL/6J mice, which are shown to have biologically good vision and neurologically intact memory for VD tasks. Results suggest C57BL/6J strain may not be fully capable of relative cue-size associations or even object recognition-based on a water maze VD task. This is in contrast to previous studies suggesting this mice strain is quite strong in visual skills and on VD tasks. Additionally, cue size and/or cue-pairings do appear to influence specific directional preferences or stereotyped behaviors as trainings continued, and these strategies shifted during novel probes. Future studies should assess how mice discriminate between objects and test rat's capabilities on this task. / by Eric D. Buerger. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2008. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2008. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaves 113-115. / by William Michael Silver. / M.S.

Abstract not available