Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-30T19:21:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RosineyAraujoMartins_TESE.pdf: 7437829 bytes, checksum: d70e2a5bdc24f23fa0e528ff3972109f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-30T23:50:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RosineyAraujoMartins_TESE.pdf: 7437829 bytes, checksum: d70e2a5bdc24f23fa0e528ff3972109f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-30T23:50:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RosineyAraujoMartins_TESE.pdf: 7437829 bytes, checksum: d70e2a5bdc24f23fa0e528ff3972109f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-01 / A distribui??o das altera??es diagen?ticas em reservat?rio silicicl?stico do Cenomaniano Superior da Bacia Potiguar sofreu influ?ncia do arcabou?o estratigr?fico e do sistema deposicional. Se??es s?smicas e perfis geof?sicos de dois po?os perfurados na por??o SW da citada bacia registram superf?cies estratigr?ficas regionais representativas de inunda??es m?ximas relacionadas a evento transgressivo. Na an?lise sequencial de oitenta metros de testemunhos (~450m de profundidade) foram reconhecidas nove f?cies deposicionais cujo padr?o de empilhamento granodecrescente ascendente limita ciclos com base conglomer?tica erosiva (lag) sobreposta por intercala??es de arenitos m?dios a muito finos com estratifica??es cruzadas (acanalada, planar e de baixo ?ngulo) e horizontais (plano-paralela, wave e flaser). O topo dos ciclos ? marcado pela deposi??o de pelitos e desenvolvimento de paleossolos e laguna. A correla??o de f?cies geneticamente relacionadas revela associa??es de preenchimento de canal, crevasse e plan?cie de inunda??o, depositadas em trato de sistema transgressivo. Descri??es detalhadas de setenta e nove l?minas delgadas auxiliadas por an?lises de MEV-EBSD/EDS, DRX e is?topos est?veis em arenitos revelaram composi??o arcosiana e arranjos texturais complexos com abundantes franjas de esmectita cobrindo continuamente constituintes prim?rios, cut?culas mecanicamente infiltradas e poros m?ldicos e intragranulares. Crescimentos epitaxiais de K-feldspato cobrem continua ou descontinuamente gr?os de microcl?nio e ortocl?sio antes de qualquer outra fase. Abundante pseudomatriz da compacta??o de intraclastos lamosos, concentrados ao longo de planos de estratifica??o, localmente substitu?da por calcita macrocristalina e pirita microcristalina e framboidal. Caulinita (livrinhos e vermicular), esmectita microcristalina, minerais de tit?nio microcristalinos e pirita substituem constituintes prim?rios. Porosidade intergranular predomina sobre a m?ldica, intragranular e de contra??o. Os poros s?o mal conectados devido ? presen?a intergranular de esmectita, crescimentos de K-feldspato, argilas infiltradas e pseudomatriz. Os arenitos foram sujeitos a condi??es eodiagen?ticas pr?ximas ? superf?cie e mesodiagen?ticas de soterramento raso. As altera??es diagen?tica reduziram a porosidade e permeabilidade deposicionais principalmente pela precipita??o de franjas de esmectita, compacta??o de intraclastos lamosos ? pseudomatriz e cimenta??o por calcita poiquilot?pica, caracterizando diferentes petrof?cies de reservat?rio. Esses produtos diagen?ticos atuaram como barreiras e desvios ao fluxo de fluido reduzindo qualidade do reservat?rio. / The distribution of diagenetic alterations in Late Cenomanian siliciclastic reservoirs from Potiguar Basin was influenced by the stratigraphic framework and the depositional system. Seismic sections and geophysical logs of two wells drilled in the SW portion of the mentioned basin above register regional stratigraphic surfaces representing maximum floods related to a transgressive event. The sequential analysis of 80 m of drill core (~450 m deep) recognized nine depositional facies with an upwards granodecrescent standard piling that limits cycles with an erosional conglomeratic base (lag) overlain by intercalations of medium to very fine sandstones showing cross bedding (channel, planar and low angled) and horizontal bedding (plane-parallel , wave and flaser). The top of the cycles is marked by the deposition of pelites and the development of paleosoils and lagoons. The correlation of genetically related facies reveals associations of channel fillings, crevasse, and flood plains deposited in a transgressive system. Detailed descriptions of seventy nine thin sections aided by MEV-EBSD/EDS, DRX and stable isotope analyses in sandstones revealed an arcosian composition and complex textural arrays with abundant smectite fringes continuously covering primary components, mechanically infiltrated cuticles and moldic and intragrain pores. K-feldspar epitaxial overgrowth covers microcline and orthoclase grains before any other phase. Abundant pseudomatrix due to the compactation of mud intraclasts concentrate along the stratification planes, locally replaced by macrocristalline calcite and microcrystalline and framboidal pyrite. Kaolinite (booklets and vermicular), microcrystalline smectite, microcrystalline titanium minerals and pyrite replace the primary components. The intergrain porosity prevails over the moldic, intragrain and contraction porosities. The pores are poorly connected due to the presence of intergranular smectite, k-feldspar overgrowth, infiltrated mud and pseudomatrix. The sandstones were subjected to eodiagenetic conditions next to the surface and shallow burial mesodiagenetic conditions. The diagenetic alterations reduced the porosity and the permeability mainly due to the precipitation of smectite fringes, compactation of mud intraclasts onto the pseudomatrix and cementing by poikilotopic calcite characterizing different reservoir petrofacies. These diagenetic products acted as barriers and detours to the flow of fluids thus reducing the quality of the reservoir.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JanusaSA_TESE.pdf: 4235008 bytes, checksum: c06705336b1d53166f0f5f3024d3b410 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The behavior of the fluid flux in oil fields is influenced by different factors and it has a big impact on the recovery of hydrocarbons. There is a need of evaluating and adapting the actual technology to the worldwide reservoirs reality, not only on the exploration (reservoir discovers) but also on the development of those that were already discovered, however not yet produced. The in situ combustion (ISC) is a suitable technique for these recovery of hydrocarbons, although it remains complex to be implemented. The main objective of this research was to study the application of the ISC as an advanced oil recovery technique through a parametric analysis of the process using vertical wells within a semi synthetic reservoir that had the characteristics from the brazilian northwest, in order to determine which of those parameters could influence the process, verifying the technical and economical viability of the method on the oil industry. For that analysis, a commercial reservoir simulation program for thermal processes was used, called steam thermal and advanced processes reservoir simulator (STARS) from the computer modeling group (CMG). This study aims, through the numerical analysis, find results that help improve mainly the interpretation and comprehension of the main problems related to the ISC method, which are not yet dominated. From the results obtained, it was proved that the mediation promoted by the thermal process ISC over the oil recovery is very important, with rates and cumulated production positively influenced by the method application. It was seen that the application of the method improves the oil mobility as a function of the heating when the combustion front forms inside the reservoir. Among all the analyzed parameters, the activation energy presented the bigger influence, it means, the lower the activation energy the bigger the fraction of recovered oil, as a function of the chemical reactions speed rise. It was also verified that the higher the enthalpy of the reaction, the bigger the fraction of recovered oil, due to a bigger amount of released energy inside the system, helping the ISC. The reservoir parameters: porosity and permeability showed to have lower influence on the ISC. Among the operational parameters that were analyzed, the injection rate was the one that showed a stronger influence on the ISC method, because, the higher the value of the injection rate, the higher was the result obtained, mainly due to maintaining the combustion front. In connection with the oxygen concentration, an increase of the percentage of this parameter translates into a higher fraction of recovered oil, because the quantity of fuel, helping the advance and the maintenance of the combustion front for a longer period of time. About the economic analysis, the ISC method showed to be economically feasible when evaluated through the net present value (NPV), considering the injection rates: the higher the injection rate, the higher the financial incomes of the final project / O comportamento do fluxo de fluidos em campos petrol?feros ? influenciado por diversos fatores e t?m grande impacto na viabiliza??o da recupera??o de hidrocarbonetos. A necessidade de avaliar e adaptar as tecnologias atuais ? realidade dos reservat?rios mundiais existe n?o apenas na fase de explora??o (descoberta dos reservat?rios), mas tamb?m no desenvolvimento daqueles que j? foram descobertos, por?m n?o produzidos. A combust?o in situ (CIS) ? uma t?cnica prop?cia para recupera??o de hidrocarbonetos, todavia, complexa de se implementar. O objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi estudar a aplica??o da CIS como m?todo de recupera??o avan?ada de petr?leo atrav?s da an?lise param?trica do processo em po?os verticais, utilizando um reservat?rio semissint?tico com caracter?sticas do Nordeste Brasileiro, com intuito de determinar quais destes par?metros t?m influ?ncia expressiva no processo, verificando assim a viabilidade t?cnica e econ?mica do m?todo para a ind?stria petrol?fera. Para tal an?lise foi utilizado um programa comercial de simula??o de reservat?rios de petr?leo usando processos t?rmicos, denominado Steam, Thermal, and Advanced Processes Reservoir Simulator (STARS) do Computer Modelling Group (CMG). Esse estudo busca atrav?s da an?lise num?rica computacional resultados que possam melhorar, principalmente, a interpreta??o e compreens?o dos principais problemas ocorridos quando da aplica??o do m?todo CIS, que ainda n?o s?o totalmente dominados. A partir dos resultados obtidos foi comprovada a importante media??o promovida pelo processo t?rmico CIS sobre a recupera??o de ?leo, com vaz?es e produ??o acumulada sensivelmente alteradas, positivamente, pela introdu??o do m?todo. Observou-se que a aplica??o do m?todo CIS melhora a mobilidade do ?leo em fun??o do aquecimento quando da forma??o da frente de combust?o no interior do reservat?rio. Dentre todos os par?metros de reservat?rio analisados, a energia de ativa??o apresentou a maior influ?ncia, ou seja, quanto menor o valor da energia de ativa??o, maior a fra??o de ?leo recuperada, em fun??o do aumento da velocidade das rea??es qu?micas. Foi verificado tamb?m que quanto maior a entalpia da rea??o, maior foi a fra??o de ?leo recuperada devido a maior quantidade de energia liberada no sistema favorecendo assim a CIS. Os par?metros de reservat?rios: porosidade e permeabilidade mostraram-se pouco influentes em rela??o a CIS. Dentre os par?metros operacionais analisados, a vaz?o de inje??o foi o par?metro que apresentou forte influ?ncia para o m?todo CIS, pois quanto maior o valor atribu?do a mesma, maior a resposta obtida, principalmente devido a manuten??o da frente de combust?o. Quanto maior a concentra??o de oxig?nio, maior foi a fra??o de ?leo recuperada em fun??o da maior quantidade de comburente, favorecendo o avan?o e a manuten??o da frente por um per?odo de tempo maior. Em rela??o ? an?lise econ?mica, o m?todo CIS mostrou-se vi?vel economicamente quando da avalia??o do valor presente l?quido (VPL) considerando as vaz?es de inje??o: para maiores valores de vaz?o obteve-se maior retorno financeiro no final do projeto